• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.65-89
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• 2016

This paper presents the development of methodologies using Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) for cracked unstiffened and concentric stiffened panels subjected to constant amplitude tensile fatigue loading. XFEM formulations such as level set representation of crack, element stiffness matrix formulation and numerical integration are presented and implemented in MATLAB software. Stiffeners of the stiffened panels are modelled using truss elements such that nodes of the panel and nodes of the stiffener coincide. Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) is computed from the solutions of XFEM using domain form of interaction integral. Paris's crack growth law is used to compute the number of fatigue cycles up to failure. Numerical investigations are carried out to model the crack growth, estimate the remaining life and generate damage tolerant curves. From the studies, it is observed that (i) there is a considerable increase in fatigue life of stiffened panels compared to unstiffened panels and (ii) as the external applied stress is decreasing number of fatigue life cycles taken by the component is increasing.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2018

We use edge detection technique for the input image to extract the entire edges of the object in the image and then select only the edges that construct the outline of the object. By examining the positional relation between these pixels composing the outline, a simplified version of the outline of the object in the input image is generated by removing unnecessary pixels while maintaining the condition of connection of the outline. For each pixel constituting the outline, its direction is calculated by examining the positional relation with the next pixel. Then, we group the consecutive pixels with same direction into one and then change them to a line segment instead of a point. Among those line segments composing the outline of the object, a line segment whose length is smaller than a predefined minimum length of acceptable line segment is removed by merging it into one of the adjacent line segments. As a result, an outline composed of line segments of over a certain length is obtained through this process.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.48-55
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• 2014

Luis Barragan is a representative Mexican architect. He designed architectural space as a local architect in consideration of the Mexico's harsh Mediterranean climate. His manifestation of the regionality can be found mainly in his precise expression of light. Such method and concept of using light in Barragan's architecture made a huge impact on later architects but detailed studies on this issue have not been made actively. Hence, this paper intended to suggest a starting point or an orientation by illustrating the characteristics of using and expressing light in architecture through his cases of housing works. The study method was as follows. First, the general characteristics of light were identified by analyzing the elements of architectural space that dealt with light and the characteristics of expressing light shown in the architectural space. Second, the architectural background of Luis Barragan and the architectural space elements of the light expressed in his architectural space were extracted to form a hypothetical ground. Third, five of his works on the houses in his prime (after the year of 1945) were analyzed to explore the characteristics of relational representation between light and the architectural space elements in his architecture. Through this process, it was learned that, in his architectural works, light was the embodiment of the location-related, time-based, daily and illusionary experience into architecture. In addition, meditative light could be experienced by contrasting the soft and dispersed light and shadow of the inside space of Barragan's houses with the strong external light. Therefore, through the process above, this study is hoped to provide an opportunity for the contemporary architects of our era to rethink the fundamental correlation between architecture and light.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2001

This paper studies on the processing of spatial joins. The spatial join operation is divided into filters and refinement steps in general. The processing of spatial joins can be greatly improved by the use of filters that reduce the polygons in order to find the intersecting ones. As a result, three possible sets of answers are identified: the positive one, the negative one and the inconclusive one. To identify all the interesting pairs of polygons with inconclusive answers, it is necessary to have access to the representation of polygons so that an exact geometry test can take place. We introduce a bit-map approximation technique to drastically reduce the computation required by the refinement step during refinement processing. Bit-map representation are used for the description of the internal, the external and the boundary regions of the polygon objects. The proposed scheme increases the chance of trivial acceptance and rejection of data objects, and reduces unnecessary disk accesses in query processing. It has been shown that the reference to the object data file can be cut down by as much as 60%.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.241-249
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• 1997

In this paper, a new technique is proposed for generating a minimum-length synchronizable test sequence that can be applied in the distributed test architecture where both external synchtonization and input/output operation costs are taken into consideration. the method defines a set of transformation rules that constructs a duplex digraph from a given finite state machine representation of a protocol specification rules that constructs a duplex digraph from a given finite state machine representation of a protocol specificatio such that a rural chinese postman tour of the duplex digraph can be used to generate a minimum-length synchronizable test sequence using synchronizable distinguishing sequences as the state identification sequence for each state of the given finite state machine. The method provides an elegant solution to the synchronization problem that arises during the application of a predetermined test sequence in some protocol test architectures that utilize remote testers.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.9A no.3
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• pp.387-398
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• 2002

As whole genome sequences of many organisms have been revealed by small-scale genome projects, the intensive research on individual genes and their functions has been performed. However on-memory algorithms are inefficient to analysis of whole genome sequences, since the size of individual whole genome is from several million base pairs to hundreds billion base pairs. In order to effectively manipulate the huge sequence data, it is necessary to use the indexed data structure for external memory. In this paper, we introduce a workbench system for analysis and visualization of whole genome sequence using string B-tree that is suitable for analysis of huge data. This system consists of two parts : analysis query part and visualization part. Query system supports various transactions such as sequence search, k-occurrence, and k-mer analysis. Visualization system helps biological scientist to easily understand whole structure and specificity by many kinds of visualization such as whole genome sequence, annotation, CGR (Chaos Game Representation), k-mer, and RWP (Random Walk Plot). One can find the relations among organisms, predict the genes in a genome, and research on the function of junk DNA using our workbench.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.455-463
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• 2020

This researcher has sorted out the development process of death aesthetics contained in human art through advanced research. This research is a follow-up study of related research, which studies the aesthetic meaning of death in Alexander McQueen's fashion works. This study first classifies the aesthetic characteristics of death, and then analyzes and sorts out the aesthetics of death in Alexander McQueen's clothing works based on this. The results of this study are as follows: first, the aesthetic manifestations of death are divided into three categories: reproducibility, symbolic and religious. Among them, the representation of reproducibility includes the representation of real objects and the representation of virtual objects, and the symbolic performance includes two types of external performance and internal performance. Second, in Alexander McQueen's works, the reproducibility of death was mainly reflected by virtual stage scenes and costumes. Thirdly, the symbolic death is not only reflected in the skeletons and blood etc. directly related to the death of the body, but also in the various emotions and psychological states caused by the death. Fourth, the religious nature of death was represented in Alexander McQueen's works through such representative things as crosses and religious stories.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.1545-1556
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• 2020

Recently, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has developed the Mesh-type Reference Computational Phantoms (MRCPs) for adult male and female to overcome the limitations of the current Voxel-type Reference Computational Phantoms (VRCPs) described in ICRP Publication 110 due to the limited voxel resolutions and the nature of voxel geometry. In our previous study, the MRCPs were used to calculate the dose coefficients (DCs) for idealized external exposures of photons and electrons. The present study is an extension of the previous study to include three additional particles (i.e., neutrons, protons, and helium ions) into the DC library by conducting Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations with the Geant4 code. The calculated MRCP DCs were compared with the reference DCs of ICRP Publication 116 which are based on the VRCPs, to appreciate the impact of the new reference phantoms on the DC values. We found that the MRCP DCs of organ/tissue doses and effective doses were generally similar to the ICRP-116 DCs for neutrons, whereas there were significant DC differences up to several orders of magnitude for protons and helium ions due mainly to the improved representation of the detailed anatomical structures in the MRCPs over the VRCPs.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.107-114
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• 2014

Things in the IoT(Internet of Things) make various services by exchanging information over networks. The IoT includes many types of WSNs(Wireless Sensor Networks) that consists of spatially distributed wireless sensor nodes and operates with the various purposes with useful technologies such as identification, sensing and communication. Typically, Zigbee network composed of low-cost and lowpower devices is mainly used for wide-area monitoring and remote device control systems. The IoT composed of various WSNs cannot interoperate among networks because of heterogeneous communication protocol and different data representation of each network, but can facilitate interconnection and information exchange among networks via the DDS, which is communication middleware standard that aims to enable real-time, high performance and interoperable data exchanges. In this paper, we proposed design of Zigbee Adaptor for two-way interoperation and data exchange between Zigbee network and other networks in the IoT. Zigbee Adaptor communicates with Zigbee network according to the Zigbee protocol and communicates with external networks via DDS. DDS-based Zigbee Adaptor can facilitate interoperation between a Zigbee network and external networks by systematic cooperation among its components.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.266-274
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• 2009

An abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs most commonly in older individuals (between 65 and 75), and more in men and smokers. The most important complication of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is rupture, which is most often a fatal event. An abdominal aortic aneurysm weakens the walls of the blood vessel, leaving it vulnerable to bursting open, or rupturing, and spilling large amounts of blood into the abdominal cavity. surface modeling is very useful to surgery for quantitative analysis of abdominal aortic aneurysm. the 3D representation and surface modeling an abdominal aortic aneurysm structure taken from Multi Detector Computed Tomography. The construction of the 3D model is generally carried out by staking the contours obtained from 2D segmentation of each CT slice, so the quality of the 3D model strongly defends on the precision of segmentation process. In this work we present deformable model algorithm. deformable model is an energy-minimizing spline guided by external constraint force. External force which we call Gradient Vector Flow, is computed as a diffusion of a gradient vectors of gray level or binary edge map derived from the image. Finally, we have used snakes successfully for abdominal aortic aneurysm segmentation the performance of snake was visually and quantitatively validated by experts.