• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 2015

In this research, we explore whether mere exposure to external cues with vertical progress (e.g., moving upward or moving downward) can influence individuals' persistence to complete focal tasks. Drawing on the theory of embodied cognition, we propose that, a moving-upward (vs. downward) cue activates the abstract concept of difficulty, which is associated with the physical experience of climbing uphill (vs. downhill). Due to this association between moving uphill and difficulty, merely exposing individuals to the moving-upward cue can induce greater feeling of difficulty and this greater difficulty, in turn, reduce individuals' persistence, compared to exposing individuals to the moving-downward cue. Across three studies, we find supporting evidence for the effect of the external cues with vertical progress on individuals' performance both in physical tasks and in a cognitive task.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.50-63
• /
• 1985

농축인자법(濃縮因子法)(Concentration Factor Method)을 이용(利用)하여 결정피폭경로(決定被曝經路)를 분석(分析)한 후(後) 표준원전(標準原電)의 기체상방사성대기방출물(氣體狀放射性大氣放出物)에 대한 유도방출한도(誘導放出限度)(Derived Release Limits, DRL's)를 계산(計算)하였다. 이 방출한도(放出限度)는 핵시설(核施設) 주변(周邊)의 결정군구성개인(決定群構成個人)에 대(對)한 방사선(放射線) 피폭(被曝)을 관련피폭한도이하(關聯被曝限度以下)로 유지(維持)시키는 양(量)이다 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 1985년(年) 초(初) 미국(美國)의 환경보호청(環境保護廳)(EPA)에서 새로 권고(勸告)한 피폭한도(被曝限度)를 채택(採擇)하여 계산(計算)을 수행(遂行)하였다. 유도방출한도(誘導放出限度)(DRL)의 계산(計算)은 미국(美國)의 원자력(原子力) 규제위원회(規制委員會)(USNRC)가 규제지침(規制指針)(Reg. Guide) 1.109에서 제시(提示)하고 있는 선양평가(線量評價)모델을 표준(標準)모델로 사용(使用)하여 수행(遂行)하였으나, 동(同) 모델의 피폭경로분석(被曝經路分析)에서 우유(牛乳) 및 육류(肉類)의 섭취경로(攝取經路)는 국내(國內)의 현실상(現實狀) 무시가능(無視可能)한 것으로 고려(考慮)하여 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 제외(除外)시켰다. 계산(計算)에서 고려(考慮)한 방출선원항(放出線源項)은 희유기체(稀有氣體), 요오드, 입자상원소(粒子狀元素) 및 삼중수소기체(三重水素氣體)였으며, 방출원(放出源)에서 북(北)쪽으로 1.3 km 거리에 위치(位置)하고 있는 주민영구거주지역(住民永久居住地域)을 대상(對象)으로 계산(計算)을 수행(遂行)하였다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 표준원전(標準原電)의 대상(對象)으로 고리원전(古里原電) 1호기(號機)를 선정(選定)하여 동원전(同原電)의 연간방출(年間放出)에 대(對)한 유도한도(誘導限度)를 계산(計算)하였으며, 1982년도(年度)의 실방출률(實放出率)과 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)하였다. 검토결과(檢討結果), 고리원전(古里原電) 1호기(號機)의 1982년도(年度)의 실방출률(實放出率)은 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 구(求)해진 유도방출한도(誘導放出限度)보다 낮았으며, 방출물(放出物)에 의한 시설주변(施設周邊) 개인(個人)의 년간피폭선량(年間被曝線量)은 EPA에서 권고(勸告)하는 피폭한도이하(被曝限度以下)로 유지(維持)되었음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 가장 결정적(決定的)인 피폭경로(被曝經路)는Co-60와 Cs-137과 같은 입자상침적방사핵종(粒子狀沈積放射核種)으로 오염(汚染)된 토양(土壤)에 의한 전신외부(全身外部) 피폭경로(被曝經路)였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.197-203
• /
• 2014

In this paper, the effect of unsteady radiation on the horizontal fin of an external fuel tank by flame of a flying flare was analysed to see the temperature increase of the fin and the thermal impact on the fin. Radiation between two surfaces was calculated using the concept of radiation resistance of surface and space including radiation, irradiation and shape factor for two flying trajectories of a flare, maximum temperature of 2200 K, emissivity of 0.95, flying velocity of 30 m/s, and thermal surface area of $0.01m^2$. The result shows that the temperature increase of the fin is 0.236 K, and the thermal effect on the fin is ignorable. And it was found that temperature is increased a little because small amount of heat energy can be radiated due to the short exposure time to the heat source.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.187-188
• /
• 2021

In the case of the Busan North Port, where the Busan Opera House is located, it is an environment exposed to various external deterioration factors such as frequent strong winds, seawater and salty winds, and an exterior material using UHPC (Ultra High Performance Concrete), a highly durable exterior material as a solution to this. Has been adopted. in this study, an economical production and construction direction was reviewed by applying UHPC to the exterior panels of atypical buildings that cannot cope with GFRC, metal, and glass, which are the main exterior finishing materials applied so far. When steel fibers are used, structural performance may be better than organic fibers, but due to environmental factors in Busan, corrosion due to exposure to steel fibers or problems with safety management after construction and completion may occur. Therefore, the site used the newly developed SACF fiber. Facade design of atypical buildings, which will increase in the future, is an important part, and the scope of use of UHPC panels is expected to increase in the future as design trends and demand for high durability increase.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.152-161
• /
• 1986

외부방사선피폭(外部放射線被曝)으로 인한 위험(危險)의 평가(評價)와 관련된 량(量) 및 개념(槪念)의 동향(動向)과 미해결(未解決)된 문제점(問題點)들에 대하여 살펴보았다. 특히 ICRU 39의 실용량(實用量)에 근거(根據)한 선량환산인자(線量換算因子), 선질계수(線質係數)의 재정의(再定義), 성별(性別)에 따른 위험(危險)의 차이(差異) 그리고 기타조직(其他組織)의 선정문제등(選定問題等)에 대하여 구체적(具體的)으로 논(論)하였다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2018

This study is a search for radiation protection effects of radiation exposure on the organogenic period during the prenatal period, which is known to be the most likely to have congenital malformations by radiation exposure. To study the radiation protection for the mixture of selenium that is strong antioxidant and folic acid that is essential vitamin for DNA synthesis, 2 Gy of radiation was irradiated to pregnant female rats. then, after 14 days of fetal birth, observing blood components, SOD(Superoxide Dismutase), histological changes and external malformations. There was a significant protective effect to reduce blood cell damage(p<0.05) in the irradiation group after selenium and folic acid mixture were administered than irradiation group, and the activation of SOD which is antioxidant enzymes was increased. In addition, confirmed the effect of suppressing the expression of apoptosis of small intestinal cells and the reduction of cerebral cortex layer reduction by radiation. thus, it was confirmed that the congenital malformations were reduced as a result of these protective effects. Based on these results, selenium and folic acid mixture may reduce the incidence of congenital malformations, and it will reduce the damage of the fetus caused by the exposure of the organogenic period due to accidents.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.65-76
• /
• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate economical ventilation effectiveness to reduce hazardous materials exposure and damage of workers by analyzing exposure amount of noxious substances under various ventilation conditions of nail salon for indoor environments. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was carried out with cooperation of Nail shop located in SeongNam city to involve an analysis of the environmental impact indoor air quality, pollutant exposure and economical cost-effectiveness in the nail workplace. The hazardous substances were PM-10(Particulate Matter-10㎛), VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) and Formaldehyde, which are the major materials of nail workplace. Results - PM-10 is reduced by about 60% with air cleaner, forced artificial ventilation by 32%, and natural ventilation by about 12%. TVOCs and Formaldehyde showed similar efficiency (80~100%) after natural ventilation and ventilation after 60 minutes. The removal efficiencies of VOCs and formaldehyde were similar to those of natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation system. However, in case of dust, natural ventilation was reduced by artificial ventilation system due to inflow of external dust during natural ventilation. Conclusions - If the pollution degree of outdoor air is not high, air volume is high, and natural ventilation is performed when the air conditioning and heating system is not operated. Even at the end of the work, it keeps operating for 60 minutes to remove the pollutants generated. Results of this analysis demonstrated that the worker environment can be improved by adopting institutional legislation and guidelines for ventilation.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.143-152
• /
• 2005

To investigate the exposure effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), we analyzed the relationship between urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentration and PAHs exposure. The study population contained 44 workers in steel-pipe coating and paint manufacture industries. We measured airborne total PAHs as an external dose, urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) as an internal dose of PAHs exposure, and urinary 8-OHdG as an effective dose of oxidative DNA damage. There was significant correlation between the urinary concentration of l-OHP and the environmental concentration of PAHs, pyrene, urinary cotinine, AST, and GGT. The mean of urinary 8-OHdG was $17.07\pm1.706{\mu}g/g$ creatinine in workers exposed to airborne PAHs. There was significant correlation between the urinary concentration of 8-0HdG and the airborne concentration of PAHs. From the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis about 8-OHdG, significant independents was total PAHs. In this study, there were significant correlation between the urinary concentration of 8-OHdG and the airborne concentration of PAHs. The urinary 1-OHP was effective index as a biomarker of airborne PAHs in workplace. But it was influenced by non-occupational PAHs source, smoking and biomarkers of liver function test.

• 운동영양학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.173-182
• /
• 2011

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stress-related mental disorder induced by severe external stressors such as assault, disaster or severe accident. We investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on short-term memory in relation to apoptosis and cell proliferation in the hippocampus following PTSD. Stress to the pregnant rats was induced by exposure of maternal rats to the hunting dog in an enclosed room. Exposure time was 10 min, repeated three times per day, with 1 hour interval. Exposure of maternal rats to the hunting dog was continued 7 days after pregnancy until delivery. The pregnant rats in the exercise groups were forced to run on a treadmill for 30 min once a day for the same duration of stress exposure. Step-down avoidance task for short-term memory, western blot for Bcl-2, Bax, and immunohistochemistry for caspase-3, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), and Ki-67 were conducted. Maternal rats exposed to stress during pregnancy showed short-term memory impairment. Expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, and caspase-3 in the hippocampus were increased in the PTSD rats. Cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was decreased in the PTSD rats. Treadmill exercise alleviated short-term memory impairment and suppressed expressions of Bax, the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, and caspase-3. Treadmill exercise also increased cell proliferation. The present results indicate that treadmill exercise alleviated PTSD-induced short-term memory impairment by suppressing apoptotic cell death and enhancing cell proliferation in the hippocampus.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions of radiation safety supervision in animal clinics using inspection standard of X-ray generator for diagnosis. The surveys for inspection standard system, equipment condition, and safety supervision were carried out in 18 animal clinics randomly. The inspection standard included reproducibility of dose exposure, kVp, mAs, collimator accuracy test, collimator luminance test, X-ray view box luminance test, grounding system equipment test and external leakage current test. The surveys of equipment condition and safety supervision used one-on-one interview with 5 points measurement. As a result, 44.44% of reproducibility of dose exposure was proper, 81.25% of kVp test was good, and 100% of mAs test was appropriate. Also, 66.66% of collimator accuracy test was proper, 61.11% of collimator luminance test was good, 53.13% of X-ray view box luminance test was suitable. In addition, only 5.55% of grounding system equipment and ground resistance was proper, 63.64% of external leakage current test was appropriate in grounding system equipment test. The 100mA electric capacity of X-ray generator for diagnosis was popular with 44.44%, and its 55.56% was purchased used equipment. Monthly average of less than 50 times (61.11%) was top frequency in use, and no animal clinic had a thermo-luminescence dosimeter(TLD). The 16 animal clinics with radiation safety zone and 2 without radiation safety zone were appeared.