• Applied Microscopy
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• 제52권
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• pp.3.1-3.8
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• 2022

Our purpose in this study is to analyze the microstructural characteristics and constituent elements of inorganic substances added to the yellow ink and red ink pigments used in permanent makeup. We observed the microstructural properties of inorganic pigments added to the ink using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analyzed the constituent elements of the inorganic pigment particles using an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In red wine-colored ink, cubic titanium dioxide with a diameter of 110 to 200 nm was the major component, and rod-shaped iron oxide was rarely observed. Most of the ingredients of taupe yellow ink were rod-shaped yellow iron oxide, and a small amount of cubic titanium dioxide was observed. Red wine-colored ink and taupe yellow ink contained lumps composed of titanium dioxide particles. In red wine-colored ink, lumps were formed by agglomeration. However, we observed that the surface of the lump composed of titanium dioxide in the taupe yellow ink had a smooth surface caused by external physical compression. The titanium dioxide particle mass which found in taupe yellow ink in this study is an artificial product. When this mass accumulates in the dermis, it may cause a color mismatch. Therefore, permanent makeup using fine pigments should be free of foreign substances that may cause trouble in the skin. In addition, there is a need to improve the quality of the ink so that the required color can be safe and long lasting in the dermis.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권3호통권99호
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• pp.337-345
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• 2007

The physiological and sensory properties of breads made from waxy black rice flour (WBRF) and wheat flour were investigated. The waxy black rice bread was manufactured with 10, 20, 30, or 40% waxy black rice flour(w/w). The bread volume decreased from 2,096.7 mL to 1,703.4 mL as the WBRF content increased from 0% to 40%. The lightness(L-values) decreased with increasing WBRF concentrations, and the redness value(a-values) increased. The yellowness(b-values) slightly decreased with increasing WBRF content. The textural characteristics of the bread c겨mb were influenced by additions of WBRF. The breads containing WBRF had decreases in hardness for the 10% and 20% WBRF groups, whereas increases in hardness were shown with the 40% addition of WBRF. The springiness decreased with increasing WBRF content. The gumminess and chewiness of the waxy black rice bread decreased at the 10% and 20% additions. In the sensory evaluation, sensory scores decreased with increasing WBRF content for the appearance, external color, crumb color and grain of the waxy black rice bread. Overall acceptability for the 10% and 20% WBRF additions did not differ significantly from the score of the control group.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2006

The color and structure of urban constructions is a factor of urban landscape and shows their characteristics. Hence the modern buildings deal with their materials and external appearance as an important factor, making up the urban image. But it was nearby impossible to evaluate the value of visual landscape with objective measuring method. Most of all, it depends on the subjective estimation of a few talented or high educated experts with a sense of beauty. Such kinds of estimation can in some cases include arbitrary interpretations. In relation to this kind of problems, it is tried here in this study to analyse the human response of brain wave pattern (EEG) with use of SD method, while the tested persons watch the urban landscape scenery constructed in a visual reality. The tested persons were 20 adult male and female with no color blindness and intact cognitive function. Light source with color filter was used for color environment in a dark soundproof chamber. The signal of EEG is analysed digitally and grouped into the ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ waves. The result showed that relative power of ${\alpha}$ wave ratio increased in the natural landscape scenery with blue and green color. From these results it was possible to evaluate the human response, which is affected by urban and natural color and structure stimulation and it might be useful as an indicator of visual cognition amenity toward the design of urban construction environment.

• 복식
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• 제22권
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• pp.277-296
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• 1994

The progressive artists in Austria including Gustav Klimt organized the Viennes Se-cessionist in 1897 and they took an active part in the reformation of the reformation of the applied art by accepting the Jugendstil standing for the true art. The vocabularies which characterize this group are decoration literature and the power of symbol. Klimt especially expressed these characteristics and his strong person-ality. For he created his works with the sym-bolic and friendly splendor through his highly decorative talents by accepting the enwly changed artistic situation in those days and by getting out of the naturalistic trends he was regarded as an avant-garde artist as a major figure among the Symbolist artists who revived European culture which was destroyed through the World War I. The characteristics of klimt's works was to express the various human thoughts and minds through the decorativeness and the femininity and to use the decorative elements of old Greek and Egyptian culture and Japanese art as the motives of his works, His art is to be found between the naturalistic characteristics and formalization as well as between the in-dustrial arts and the fine arts. In his many portraits he preferred women by trying to express eroticism hidden behind the human inner world. For this he demonstrated the attractiveness and the characteristics of the models by designing the illusionary and unique clothes. In general his genius was to be seen through the costume which was decorated with metals and jewels and through the characteristics of the modern costume in which the previous solid silhouette was removed and the gentle and elegant me-dium color was used. by accepting the new artistic trends in the turn of the century by fully expressing those characteristics in his creative world and by taking his theme from the eroticism through the decorativeness and the expression of women Gustav Klimt's uniquely decorative ex-pression completely realized the aesthetics of Jugendstil symbol decoration and expression which displayed not only the external appear-ance but also the inner world. Especially he created a new appearance emphasizing the costume of the characters in his works. Also through the costume he expressed his artistic consciousness and psy-chology. He showed the characteristics of the reformed costume through the medium color the simple forms and gentle silhouette. Also he tried to symbolize the passionate inner pow-er by designing the small mosaics such as the geometrical patterns whirlpool patterns and the indecent meanings all over the costume. Klmt's this kinds of attemps shows a Stil Kostume as the external outcome of the inner spiritual activities like art and it establishes a basis for the theory of costume are which deals with the concepts of costume from the artistics points of view. This tradition playing an important role in the contemporary history of costume even has been still inherited up to today.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.575-580
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• 2011

동물성 단백질을 함유한 카이소 블랑코 치즈를 첨가함으로써 영양적인 가치를 높인 치즈 설기떡을 개발하고자 치즈 분말을 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% 첨가한 설기떡을 제조하여 수분함량, 색도, 외관 관찰, 조직감을 측정하고 관능검사를 실시하였다. 설기떡의 수분함량은 대조군이 39.15%로 가장 낮았고, 치즈 분말 첨가군들은 39.54~39.83%로 대조군과 첨가군들 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 외관 관찰 결과 카이소 블랑코 치즈 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 어둡고 노란색이 진해졌다. 색도는 치즈 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 L(명도)은 감소하여 어두운 색을 나타내었고, a(적색도)는 치즈 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며, b(녹색도)는 치즈 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 부착성은 5% 대체군이 14.90으로 부착성이 가장 높았고, 탄력성은 20% 대체군이 0.82로 탄력성이 가장 높았다. 점착성은 대조군이 가장 낮았고, 치즈 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 응집성, 씹힘성과 복원성은 대조군과 치즈 분말 첨가군들 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 특성강도 검사에서는 치즈향, 짠맛, 유지방 맛은 첨가량이 증가할수록 높게 나왔으며, 20% 첨가군에서는 다소 강하게 나타났다. 촉촉한 정도, 이취에서는 대조군이 가장 낮았고, 첨가군들은 모두 유의적으로 높았다. 소비자 기호도 검사에서는 색, 향미는 대조군이 가장 높았고, 카이소 블랑코 치즈 분말 첨가군은 보통 이상의 점수를 보였다. 부드러움은 10% 첨가군이 6.05로 가장 높았으나 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 종합적인 기호도는 대조군 6.14로 가장 높았으며, 치즈 분말 첨가군 중에서는 10% 첨가군이 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 이의 결과를 고려해 볼 때 치즈 분말을 첨가한 설기떡 제조 시 기호도를 고려한 치즈 분말 10% 첨가가 적합한 것으로 사료된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.349-357
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• 2015

미디어융복합 시대에서 거대캐릭터는 다양한 SF영화와 게임콘텐츠에서 많이 활용하고 있는 상황이며, 흥행에 성공하고 있는 대부분의 콘텐츠에 거대캐릭터의 차용은 불가결한 요소라고 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 SF영화와 게임에 등장하는 거대캐릭터를 정의하고, 거대캐릭터를 선별하여 외적특성과 내적특성 등 8가지로 분류하고 분석하였다. 외적특성으로는 모양, 실루엣, 크기, 색상으로 분류하였으며, 내적특성으로는 공포감, 악마성, 이미지 및 스토리 지향점, 유희성으로 분류하여 정의하였다. 이와 같은 8가지 특성을 근거로 SF영화와 게임 사례 분석을 통해 '거대캐릭터의 포지셔닝 모형'을 제안하였다. 거대캐릭터 포지셔닝 모형의 요소에는 어두움, 거대함, 비정형, 인간형, 동물형, 공포감, 악마성, 스토리 지향, 이미지 지향 및 유희성으로 구분하였으며, SF영화와 게임을 이 모형에 적용하여 제안하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1918-1920
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• 2005

The color and structure of urban constructions is a factor of urban landscape and shows their characteristics. Hence the modern buildings with their materials and external appearance makes up the urban image. But still yet, it was not easy to evaluate the value of visual landscape of buildings with objective measuring method. Most of all, it depends on the subjective estimation of a few talented or high educated experts with a sense of beauty. In relation to this kind of problems, it was tried here in this study to analyse the human response of brain wave pattern (EEG) with use of SD method, while the tested persons watched the urban landscape constructed in a visual reality. The tested persons were 10 adult males and females with no color blindness and intact cognitive function. Light source with color filter was used for color environment in chamber room. The signal of EEG is analysed digitally and grouped into the $\alpha$ and $\beta$ waves. The result showed that relative power of $\alpha$ wave ratio increased in natural landscape scenary clearly. From these results it was possible to evaluate the human response, which was affected by urban color and structure stimulation and it might be useful as an indicator of visual cognition amenity toward the design of urban construction environment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.3083-3087
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• 2013

Diacetylene lipid monomers possess the capability to self-assemble into vesicles via polymerization under ultraviolet irradiation, resulting in the formation of polydiacetylene (PDA) liposomes. Exposure of the polymerized vesicles to external stimuli is known to induce a unique blue-to-red color transition. The cyclic oligosaccharide ${\alpha}$-cyclodextrin known for its use in many applications, such as drug delivery, purification, and stimulus sensing, is able to form an inclusion complex with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in aqueous solution. In this study, we prepared polymeric liposomes with PEG (PEG-PDA) with the aim of improving the stability of the vesicles and colorimetric response toward ${\alpha}$-cyclodextrin. We demonstrated that PEG-PDA liposome displays unique characteristics compared with native PDA liposome and it also shows apparent chromic properties of the inclusion complex formation with ${\alpha}$-cyclodextrin.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2009

We fabricated the charged particle type display using opposite-charged two toner particles. The particles were composed of polymer, colorant($TiO_2$, carbon black) and external additives(nano-sized silica and so on). In fabrication process we controlled the putting layers of this toner particles on the inner panel. To get the effect of number of layers ($1{\sim}3$), we measured the threshold, driving and breakdown voltages, reflectivity, viewing angle, and color characteristics using RT-300 anisotropic scattering system. We ascertained that these voltages are increased with increasing of layers of particles. Cell gap between electrodes must be enlarged with increment of layers and the size of particles. The lumping phenomena of particles at near of the rib observed by optical system with same CIE values.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is followings. First, We analyze the times from initial works to present ones. Second, Detail element of Modificational process of Hanbok design with a expession element of clothes. Third, We intend to liquidate characteristics of External beauty and internal values for Lee Young Hee' s works, besides we expect that Hanbok is harmonized with modern times, is globalized, and is universalized. It is research method and region that we observe characteristics of korean beauty with theoretical background and we examinate formalism and contents of korean style of dresses through analysis of data. So, we insinuate a standard for analysis of beauty. Analysis data is her possession and slide from 1980 to ‘2000 A/W’ and ninety collection magazine data. We analyze beautiful characteristics along the expression elements of dresses and every year. So, We can find beautiful characteristics of works for expression elements of dresses, every year, and physical beauty and internal value of dresses. As a result, initial works have succession and development of tradition. But through second & third period, inclined physical beauty have duplicated aspects with closing and opening characteristics. So, She has expressed internal beauty.