• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1770-1776
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• 2007

Beef carcasses were examined to explore the effects of spinal cord removal and washing on central nervous system tissue (CNST) decontamination of the surface during the slaughtering process. A total of 15 carcasses were split by sawing centrally down the vertebral column and left sides of split carcasses were used for analysis. Samples were collected by swabbing the surface from 4 defined parts on the interior and 4 on the exterior of carcasses from the abattoir and analyzed using an ELISA-based test. The results showed that automatic and manual spray washing decreased CNST contamination, especially on the interior ventral parts of carcass surfaces (p<0.01), but did not decrease CNST on the interior dorsal parts. Increasing washing time to 60 s did not affect the reduction of CNST contamination. Samples following spinal cord removal prior to splitting showed lower calculated levels of "risk material" than the stated limit of detection (0.1%) of the ELISA kit on interior and exterior carcass parts (p<0.01). Therefore, spinal cord removal prior to splitting could be a very effective way to minimize CNST contamination of beef carcasses.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.324-327
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• 2008

Stainless steels have been widely used as a building exterior materials in Asian countries for the last decade. It is required for the materials in this field to have an aesthetic appearance, a relatively high strength, and an excellent corrosion resistance. Other metallic materials such as copper, aluminum, and carbon steels have been also used as the exterior materials. Considering the cost of maintenance, stainless steel, having the outstanding corrosion resistance, is replacing other materials in the several parts in the building exteriors. Ferritic stainless steel has been applied as the roofing materials because its thermal expansion is much smaller than that of austenitic stainless steel. Therefore, it is suitable for the large-scale construction such as airport terminal, convention center, and football stadium. To improve the corrosion resistance of the ferritic stainless steels, the modification of alloy composition has been studied to develop new grade materials and the progress in the surface technology has been introduced. Corrosion properties of these materials were evaluated in the laboratory and in the field for longer than two years. High-Cr ferritic stainless steel showed excellent corrosion resistance to the atmospheric environments. In the region close to the sea, the corrosion resistance of high-Cr ferritic stainless steel was much superior to that of other materials, which may prove this steel to be the appropriate materials for the construction around seashore. In some of the large constructions around seashore in South Korea, high-Cr ferritic stainless steels have been used as the building exterior materials for six years.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2018

압출기술에서 중요한 것은 금형의 설계 및 제작이며, 원하는 형태의 압출이 원활히 이루어지는 동시에 금형의 수명을 최대한 연장하고 효율성을 높이기 위한 금형의 설계가 필수적이다. 압출 온도, 압출 속도 등이 압출시의 주된 변수이며, 압출비 및 재료의 물성, 압출 형태에 따라 각기 다른 조건이 부가되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 고속전철 내외장재 부품용 알루미늄 6xxx 계열 주조 합금의 압출공정에 대해 연구하였다. 6063, 6061, 6N01, 6005, 5083 and 6060 알루미늄 합금의 압출 금형 단면을 설계하였으며 이에 대한 실험을 실시하였다. 또한, 빌렛온도, 압출온도 및 재료의 변화에 따른 압출 압력과 같은 압출 조건들을 분석하였다. 6063 알루미늄 합금이 가장 낮은 온도와 압력에서 압출이 가능한 반면 6061 합금은 가장 높은 온도와 압력에서 압출이 가능하였다. 이들 실험결과로부터 수립된 조건들을 이용하여 성공적인 압출제품을 제조할 수 있었다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 2000
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• pp.192-197
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the capacity of columns in the Ordinary Moment Frame (OMF). For this purpose, 3-story building was designed according to Uniform Building Code and ACI building Code.(ACI 318-99) The columns were classified into interior and exterior columns. For each interior and exterior columns, upper and lower parts are modeled by the 2/3 scale experimental specimens. The specimens for lower part columns have lap splice. The interior columns were tested under the constant axial force, while the exterior columns were tested under the fluctuating axial force. Based on the results of the experiments, the conclusion for the capacity of the column is proposed.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.569-569
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• 2014

The interior vehicle noise due to the exterior aerodynamic field is an important topic in the acoustic design of a car. The air flow detached from the A-pillar and impacting the side windows are of particular interest as they are located close to the driver / passenger and provides a lower insulation index than the trimmed car body parts. This paper presents a numerical analysis method for a simplified vehicle model. The internal air cavity including trim component are included in the simulation. The car body includes the windshield and two side windows. The body is made of aluminum and trimmed with porous layers. The methodology proposed in this paper relies on two steps: the first step involves the computation of the exterior flow and turbulence induced non-linear acoustic field using CFD Code. The second step consists in the computation of the vibro-acoustic transmission through the window using the finite element vibro-acoustic solver Actran.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2004년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.36-39
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to extract the rage on exterior colors of Elementary schools in harmony with natural colors as the colors of sky and trees, of Which the colors is basically composing the natural environment. The theory of harmony in NCS relatively expressing the changed colors according to the color stimulation condition is the contrast of same color fit for the nature. NCS has a systematic open mind considering parts in the whole. The study suggests appropriate strategy for Eco-color scheme. The result shows that it's desirable to select YR Group in the elementray school of exterior color design, The Eco color planned by NCS is expected to clarify the interrelationship between children and environment. This practical use should be continuingly tried in the color design of interior for elementary schools.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1418-1433
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• 2019

In computer graphics, 3D mesh segmentation is a challenging research field. This paper presents a 3D mesh model segmentation algorithm that focuses on removing exterior salient parts from the original 3D mesh model based on prominent feature points and marching plane. To begin with, the proposed approach uses multi-dimensional scaling to extract prominent feature points that reside on the tips of each exterior salient part of a given mesh. Subsequently, a set of planes intersect the 3D mesh; one is the marching plane, which start marching from prominent feature points. Through the marching process, local cross sections between marching plane and 3D mesh are extracted, subsequently, its corresponding area are calculated to represent local volumes of the 3D mesh model. As the boundary region of an exterior salient part generally lies on the location at which the local volume suddenly changes greatly, we can simply cut this location with the marching plane to separate this part from the mesh. We evaluated our algorithm on the Princeton Segmentation Benchmark, and the evaluation results show that our algorithm works well for some categories.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.57-73
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• 2006

To begin with the purpose of protecting human life from the exterior in the prehistoric age, architecture was nothing but a shelter without any relation between the exterior and the intoner. But, today, with the community developed, architecture can not be resisted with her own function and have to change of the reciprocal one. Different with the oriental architecture, we can see, western architecture has developed in the stream of the form. The main idea of the space in terms of the relation, above all, is mostly concerned with relation between the exterior and the interior like between the architecture and the city. So the role of the facade in depth is the intermediation which consist to the relation in the exterior and interior of architecture. Considering a relation between two elements; the exterior and the interior, we can be inspired in the case of paintings, especially in the works of the Paul $C\acute{e}zanne$. $C\acute{e}zanne$ originally show the depth of space by different disposition of three parts : the background, the objects and intermediate space between the former. For instance, different with the other painters who put the background rear in the canvas and objects in the front of the background, $C\acute{e}zanne$ took the background and objects a same value and assure a depth in space by virtue of the intermediate space. Finally, by putting the background in forward of layer in the canvas and objects situated behind the background, the depth of the space can be occurred. Same as the idea of $C\acute{e}zanne$, Giuseppe Terragni and jean Nouvelle in architecture also intensify their effects through the activation of intermediate space between the interior facade and exterior frame. Not limited in the relation with the architecture and the city, space in relation gives us a higher quality of architectural promenade in depth.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.28-39
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• 2012

Objectives : This study is aimed to develop the algorithm to diagnose Taeeumin's symptomology, by the method of literature research on Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Methods : Applying the sequential differentiations of Taeeumin's symptomology, or exterior-interior disease differentiation, favorable-unfavorable pattern differentiation, and mild-severe-dangerous-urgent pattern differentiation, "Donguisusebowon" and related literatures have been reviewed. Results and Conclusions : 1) 1st step: Taeeumin's exterior pattern and interior pattern are differentiated by the indexes of whole-body cold or heat pattern, sweating, and facial complexion. 2) 2nd step: The favorable pattern of the Taeeumin's exterior disease can be detected by indexes of the existence of fever, generalized pain while the unfavorable one by indexes of the abnormal condition of digestion and feces, and fearful throbbing. The favorable pattern of the Taeeumin's interior disease can be diagnosed based on indexes of eye pain, dry nose, dry throat, and heat symptoms that occur in various parts of the body, while the unfavorable one by indexes of thirsty, urination, feces and specific symptoms which can be induced by dryness. And in the both unfavorable patterns the dark complexion on the faces is revealed. 3) 3rd step: The mild-severe patterns of the favorably exterior disease are differentiated in terms of the condition of fever, while the mild-severe patterns of the favorably interior disease are in differentiated based on whether abnormal symptoms are revealed in the gastrointestinal tract. Both of the unfavorably dangerous-urgent patterns in exterior and interior diseases are differentiated by the symptoms such as tinnitus, dim vision, weakness of legs and back pain, and lack of strength in legs and thighs.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.409-417
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• 2012

External pathogens such as wind, cold can easily invade the external parts of the body when host's external defense ability is not secure. Herein, we consider the underlying mechanisms against the external contraction at the body surface. During the early period after primary invasion, external defense mechanisms are gradually activated. The classic clinical manifestations are aversion to cold, fever, headache, generalized pain, and nasal congestion. This condition is called by invasion of external pathogen into the body surface. As the disease progress, lung qi is stagnated and thereby up-outward and downward movement action of lung become disturbed. Therefore, when doctor administrate formula to treat the exterior syndrome, doctor must keep in mind not only materia medica, but also underlying mechanisms through which many clinical symptoms appear.