• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.179-198
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to find some implications for improving diversities of the senior high school system in Korea, by examining those of Australian high school system. Based on the literature review, school diversification can be defined as providing students or their parents with some range of alternative programs from which they can choose a school or program they believe are best suitable for them. In this point, the concept is very similar to that of school choice. The finding of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the programs of within-school diversification at Australian senior secondary schools include subject selecting, extension programs and vocational education and training courses(VET). Second, selective schools, independent schools and specialist schools are the types of between-schools diversity programs in Australia. Third, the characteristic of Australian school diversification was traditionally between-schools diversification, of which the purpose is to provide excellent learning opportunities for some talented students. However, the policy trend has, recently, been extended to within-school diversity programs. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the policy of high school diversification 300 in Korea can be seen as a suitable one because one of its aims was to overcome some limitations of the school equalization policy. Second, well defined within-school diversity programs should be considered in order to avoid educational disadvantage issues in education that can be inevitably risen from between-school diversification policies. Lastly, the possibilities of implementing VET programs at general high schools should also be urgently considered.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.44
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• pp.7-31
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• 2013

Paradigm of Global economy is changing to creative economy. This study focuses on the role of creative economy to clarify (understand clearly) the impact (influence) which transition of economy system will bring about. The creative economy is basically came from New economy theory. According to the New economy theory, a state can achieve sustainable growth without an inflation, or higher growth rate under given inflation rate, through an investment on ICT. However, different from America, Korea had limited effect of New Economy. This is because Korean economy had factor-input driven growth model rather than New Economy mechanism. However, ICT is essential requirement to move toward New Economy(Digital Economy), it does not sufficiently explain the increase of productivity and economic growth. A crucial point to realize New economy is how to diffuse and spill over the technology development on ICT sector to other industry. ICT is not creative industry or creative economy per se, and it should play as an enabler to improve other industry's productivity. The creative economy can be understood as an extension of New Economy theory. It means the economy that creates values by cultural assets and human resource, as well as capital and labor factors. However, if we understand the meaning of creative economy as change of input factors, it is hard to bring real shape of creative economy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.820-828
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• 2017

Tools and equipment that can provide buoyancy for a drowning person are important for saving lives. The purpose of this study was to estimate the minimum amount of gas needed and the buoyancy value in newton units required to generate the minimum buoyancy determined to be sufficient for keeping the head of a drowning person above the water's surface to allow for respiration for at least 1 minute. A buoyancy experiment was carried out with a long rubber balloon injected with carbon dioxide gas, and a buoyancy measurement experiment was performed on six college students. The degree of buoyancy was measured using a 5-point scale, and the statistical value of the measured data was analyzed to estimate minimum buoyancy. As a result, 8 grams of carbon dioxide were determined to satisfy minimum buoyancy conditions with a confidence level of 72%, and buoyancy was calculated to be 44.66 newtons. 12 grams of carbon dioxide met the minimum buoyancy conditions with a confidence level of 100%, and buoyancy was calculated to be 66.99 newtons. This study is expected to contribute to the development of low cost, easy-to-carry minimum buoyancy aids.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.69
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• pp.259-296
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• 2017

This thesis examines the reality of Hwaseo's view of scholarship established through the various academic roots, and explains the writing techniques in his poetic world. The results are as follows; With the roots including the Five Books of Confucianism, Five Classics, the books of Zhuxi and Songjadaejeon, Hwaseo established his own scholarship based on the principle of 'keeping of piety and acting with prudence(持敬致愼)'. And he pursued a practical discipline in parallel with 'understanding the utmost principle and extension of knowledge(致知)' and 'diligent self-cultivation(力行)'. The characteristics of his poetic techniques are the use of quotation and interweaving narrative with discussion. He did not stay in just borrowing or variations on the quotation, but gave new meanings beyond the acceptation, and even reached the point of creating newly coined words. He made pithy narratives according to historical events and character's activities, put forward some discussions, and then expressed his emotion. In particular, there were the poems described by interweaving narrative with discussion based on Mencius's historical viewpoint of 'repetition of peaceful times and troublous times one by one(一治一亂)', which could be regarded as the most representative works of his literary value as well as the essence of his scholarship and ideas.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2021

This study evaluated newly introduced, commercial super sweet corn hybrids (Zea mays L.) for their potential as breeding materials. Agronomic traits were measured and variance components were obtained using a linear mixed model to estimate the heritability. The trials were carried out in 2018 at two locations (Haenam and Oksan in South Korea). All traits had low heritability, except for mid tasseling and silking days. These traits with low heritability mostly had low genetic variance component estimate. In case of ear height ratio, significant genotype by location appeared to be responsible for low genetic variance, which in turn led to low heritability. Low heritability estimates from the trials with commercial hybrids were perhaps because those hybrids were highly improved for commercial success. Hence, this does not necessarily point to them having poor potential as breeding materials. To overcome low heritability, significant genotype by environment interaction, and achieve high selection efficiency, intermating among hybrids is recommended to create new recombinants before inbred line development.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2022

Background: Lower back pain (LBP) is a major cause of disability and a common musculoskeletal disorder encountered at some point in life. Dysfunction of the lumbar vertebrae has been associated with decreased flexibility of the hamstrings, which exhibited a strong positive correlation with LBP. Hamstring tension affects lumbar pelvic rhythm. We aimed to activate pelvic stability with compression by Active Therapeutic Movement (ATM), muscle energy technique (MET) was applied to increase the flexibility of the hamstring. Objects: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MET with ATM and general MET were applied to the hamstring of adults, who were in their twenties with nor without LBP, on their pelvic inclination and the length of their hamstring. Methods: A total of 32 subjects were briefed about the purpose of this study and agreed to participate voluntarily. Before the experiment, all subjects were pre-examined, and they were divided into an LBP group and a no lower back pain group accordingly. Thereafter, all subjects participated in both in a crossover manner. After at least one week, they switched to another group and participated in the same experiment. Results: The study results revealed that both groups demonstrated significant results in the modified active knee extension test (p < 0.01) and the sit and reach test (p < 0.01) performed to assess the hamstring flexibility; an interaction (p < 0.05) was noted. Moreover, a more significant difference was observed between the MET with ATM and the general MET. Although significant results were obtained for the pelvic inclination (p < 0.01), interaction was not noted. Conclusion: Conclusively, in this study, when the MET with ATM was applied to the two groups, there was a significant difference compared to the general MET for hamstring flexibility, but it was confirmed that there was no significant difference for the pelvic inclination.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.251-283
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to provide assistance to the establishment of related policies to improve the level of acceptance and use of smart factories for SMEs in Korea. To this end, the Unified Technology Acceptance Model (UTAUT) was extended to select additional factors that could affect the intention to accept technology, and to demonstrate this. To achieve the research objective, a questionnaire composed of 7-point Likert scales was prepared, and a survey was conducted for manufacturing-related companies. A total of 136 questionnaires were used for statistical processing. As a result of the hypothesis test, performance expectation and social influence had a positive (+) positive effect on voluntary use, but effort expectation and promotion conditions did not have a significant effect. As an extension factor, the network effect and organizational characteristics had a positive (+) effect, and the innovation resistance had a negative effect (-), but the perceived risk had no significant effect. When the size of the company is large, the perceived risk and innovation resistance are low, and the level of influencing factors for veterinary intentions, veterinary intentions, and veterinary behaviors are excluded. Through this study, factors that could have a positive and negative effect on the adoption (reduction) of smart factory-related technologies were identified and factors to be improved and factors to be reduced were suggested. As a result, this study suggests that smart factory-related technologies should be accepted.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2010

At the initial stage of Internet advertising, banner advertising came into fashion. As the Internet developed into a central part of daily lives and the competition in the on-line advertising market was getting fierce, there was not enough space for banner advertising, which rushed to portal sites only. All these factors was responsible for an upsurge in advertising prices. Consequently, the high-cost and low-efficiency problems with banner advertising were raised, which led to an emergence of keyword advertising as a new type of Internet advertising to replace its predecessor. In the beginning of 2000s, when Internet advertising came to be activated, display advertisement including banner advertising dominated the Net. However, display advertising showed signs of gradual decline, and registered minus growth in the year 2009, whereas keyword advertising showed rapid growth and started to outdo display advertising as of the year 2005. Keyword advertising refers to the advertising technique that exposes relevant advertisements on the top of research sites when one searches for a keyword. Instead of exposing advertisements to unspecified individuals like banner advertising, keyword advertising, or targeted advertising technique, shows advertisements only when customers search for a desired keyword so that only highly prospective customers are given a chance to see them. In this context, it is also referred to as search advertising. It is regarded as more aggressive advertising with a high hit rate than previous advertising in that, instead of the seller discovering customers and running an advertisement for them like TV, radios or banner advertising, it exposes advertisements to visiting customers. Keyword advertising makes it possible for a company to seek publicity on line simply by making use of a single word and to achieve a maximum of efficiency at a minimum cost. The strong point of keyword advertising is that customers are allowed to directly contact the products in question through its more efficient advertising when compared to the advertisements of mass media such as TV and radio, etc. The weak point of keyword advertising is that a company should have its advertisement registered on each and every portal site and finds it hard to exercise substantial supervision over its advertisement, there being a possibility of its advertising expenses exceeding its profits. Keyword advertising severs as the most appropriate methods of advertising for the sales and publicity of small and medium enterprises which are in need of a maximum of advertising effect at a low advertising cost. At present, keyword advertising is divided into CPC advertising and CPM advertising. The former is known as the most efficient technique, which is also referred to as advertising based on the meter rate system; A company is supposed to pay for the number of clicks on a searched keyword which users have searched. This is representatively adopted by Overture, Google's Adwords, Naver's Clickchoice, and Daum's Clicks, etc. CPM advertising is dependent upon the flat rate payment system, making a company pay for its advertisement on the basis of the number of exposure, not on the basis of the number of clicks. This method fixes a price for advertisement on the basis of 1,000-time exposure, and is mainly adopted by Naver's Timechoice, Daum's Speciallink, and Nate's Speedup, etc, At present, the CPC method is most frequently adopted. The weak point of the CPC method is that advertising cost can rise through constant clicks from the same IP. If a company makes good use of strategies for maximizing the strong points of keyword advertising and complementing its weak points, it is highly likely to turn its visitors into prospective customers. Accordingly, an advertiser should make an analysis of customers' behavior and approach them in a variety of ways, trying hard to find out what they want. With this in mind, her or she has to put multiple keywords into use when running for ads. When he or she first runs an ad, he or she should first give priority to which keyword to select. The advertiser should consider how many individuals using a search engine will click the keyword in question and how much money he or she has to pay for the advertisement. As the popular keywords that the users of search engines are frequently using are expensive in terms of a unit cost per click, the advertisers without much money for advertising at the initial phrase should pay attention to detailed keywords suitable to their budget. Detailed keywords are also referred to as peripheral keywords or extension keywords, which can be called a combination of major keywords. Most keywords are in the form of texts. The biggest strong point of text-based advertising is that it looks like search results, causing little antipathy to it. But it fails to attract much attention because of the fact that most keyword advertising is in the form of texts. Image-embedded advertising is easy to notice due to images, but it is exposed on the lower part of a web page and regarded as an advertisement, which leads to a low click through rate. However, its strong point is that its prices are lower than those of text-based advertising. If a company owns a logo or a product that is easy enough for people to recognize, the company is well advised to make good use of image-embedded advertising so as to attract Internet users' attention. Advertisers should make an analysis of their logos and examine customers' responses based on the events of sites in question and the composition of products as a vehicle for monitoring their behavior in detail. Besides, keyword advertising allows them to analyze the advertising effects of exposed keywords through the analysis of logos. The logo analysis refers to a close analysis of the current situation of a site by making an analysis of information about visitors on the basis of the analysis of the number of visitors and page view, and that of cookie values. It is in the log files generated through each Web server that a user's IP, used pages, the time when he or she uses it, and cookie values are stored. The log files contain a huge amount of data. As it is almost impossible to make a direct analysis of these log files, one is supposed to make an analysis of them by using solutions for a log analysis. The generic information that can be extracted from tools for each logo analysis includes the number of viewing the total pages, the number of average page view per day, the number of basic page view, the number of page view per visit, the total number of hits, the number of average hits per day, the number of hits per visit, the number of visits, the number of average visits per day, the net number of visitors, average visitors per day, one-time visitors, visitors who have come more than twice, and average using hours, etc. These sites are deemed to be useful for utilizing data for the analysis of the situation and current status of rival companies as well as benchmarking. As keyword advertising exposes advertisements exclusively on search-result pages, competition among advertisers attempting to preoccupy popular keywords is very fierce. Some portal sites keep on giving priority to the existing advertisers, whereas others provide chances to purchase keywords in question to all the advertisers after the advertising contract is over. If an advertiser tries to rely on keywords sensitive to seasons and timeliness in case of sites providing priority to the established advertisers, he or she may as well make a purchase of a vacant place for advertising lest he or she should miss appropriate timing for advertising. However, Naver doesn't provide priority to the existing advertisers as far as all the keyword advertisements are concerned. In this case, one can preoccupy keywords if he or she enters into a contract after confirming the contract period for advertising. This study is designed to take a look at marketing for keyword advertising and to present effective strategies for keyword advertising marketing. At present, the Korean CPC advertising market is virtually monopolized by Overture. Its strong points are that Overture is based on the CPC charging model and that advertisements are registered on the top of the most representative portal sites in Korea. These advantages serve as the most appropriate medium for small and medium enterprises to use. However, the CPC method of Overture has its weak points, too. That is, the CPC method is not the only perfect advertising model among the search advertisements in the on-line market. So it is absolutely necessary that small and medium enterprises including independent shopping malls should complement the weaknesses of the CPC method and make good use of strategies for maximizing its strengths so as to increase their sales and to create a point of contact with customers.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.366-374
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• 2009

To determine the optimum operating conditions of the indented cylinder length grader based on varietal characteristics, broken rice removal capabilities were measured on the milled rice of 41 varieties at different conditions consisted of 3 types of indented cylinders with different indent-opening diameters and 3 different collecting-angles of broken rice. The broken rice removal capabilities were swayed by the indent's opening diameter and depth as well as the angle of the collecting trough of broken rice on the point of instrument, and by the kernel length and width as well as 1000 grain weight of milled rice on the point of rice variety. When the angle of broken rice collecting-trough reached to near the horizontal center line of the indented cylinder on the direction of upward turning side, which was referred $0^{\circ}$ in this paper, the amount of rice collected in trough increased, whereas the loss of head rice also increased. Considering the removal rate of broken rice as well as loss of head rice, it was thought that the suitable angle of trough for broken rice collecting was located $5^{\circ}$ to $15^{\circ}$ depending on varietal characteristic and indent opening diameter. It was thought that 4.2 mm or more of indent opening diameter was recommendable for the rice varieties having heavier 1000 grain weight than 22.3g, as well as larger sizes than 2.9 and 5.2 mm in width and length of rice kernel, respectively; 3.8 mm for the small-sized thin kernels, and a proper diameter between 3.8 and 4.2 mm for short to middle kernels. The varieties with relatively shorter length compared to width of kernel were more difficult to separate the broken rice than the opposite ones. For effective separation of that, it seems that some specific indent shapes such as wider opening and shallow depth etc. are required. When the broken rice content were excessively high, wider diameters of indent openings than specified sizes were thought to be the better.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.599-622
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• 2012

The phase I soil geochemical exploration was carried out targeting around Chau Binh area far from about 14 km with southeastern direction from Quy Chau within Nghe An province. The interval of sampling are horizontal 300 m with 14 line and longitudinal 500 m with 15 line, resulting in 194 soil samples. Based on the result of the phase I soil geochemical exploration, the phase II detailed pitting survey was carried out targeting the grid point with high TREO content, resulting in 56 soil samples within 7 pits. The geology of survey area are consisted of Ban Chieng biotite granite complex and Dai Loc gneissic granite complex intruding Bu Khang formation comprising of schist, gneiss and limestone. Main mineralization in the study area have the characteristics of occurrence with tin, ruby and REE-bearing monazite(about 300 g/t) and xenotime(about 10 g/t) to be thought as occurring at the alteration zone of granite complex. In order to elucidate the source rock of monazite and xenotime confirmed from heavy sand, soil geochemical exploration was carried out. As a analysis result with ICP-MS on the soil samples from the phase I soil geochemical exploration, total REE oxide content of background amount to about 2 times of crustal abundance, enriching the heavy rare earth(about 2 times) and light rare earth(about 1.84 times). As a analysis result with ICP-MS on the soil samples from the phase II soil detailed pit survey, we identified outcrop considering as economic ore body at the grid point 4-7 pit with N40W attitude. As a synthetic consideration on the phase I soil geochemical exploration and phase II detailed pit survey, we tentatively designated areas considering as the extension of economic ore body with REE anomaly. In the near future, we have the plan to carry out the geophysical exploration and test drilling targeting the interval anticipated to the economic ore body.