• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.349-388
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• 2020

The US-China trade war forced a reluctant semiconductor industry into someone else's fight, a very different position from its leading role in the 1980s trade conflict with Japan. This paper describes how the political economy of the global semiconductor industry has evolved since the 1980s. That includes both a shift in the business model behind how semiconductors go from conception to a finished product as well as the geographic reorientation toward Asia of demand and manufactured supply. It uses that lens to explain how, during the modern conflict with China, US policymakers turned to a legally complex set of export restrictions targeting the semiconductor supply chain in the attempt to safeguard critical infrastructure in the telecommunications sector. The potentially far-reaching tactics included weaponization of exports by relatively small but highly specialized American software service and equipment providers in order to constrain Huawei, a Fortune Global 500 company. It describes potential costs of such policies, some of their unintended consequences, and whether policymakers might push them further in the attempt to constrain other Chinese firms.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.1118-1128
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• 2015

In the midst of the advancement of global economic trade restrictions, the internationalization of domestic agriculture, which has occurred at a time of crisis in the industry, has presented an opportunity for Korea's agricultural products to be exported overseas. In particular, from 2015, after favorable outlooks for Korean rice, it is expected that the domestic agricultural industry is in a strong position to play a major role in export markets. Due to this, among existing measures targeting the import of rice, increasing domestic measures to boost rice exports and establish an effective operating plan are being pursued. However, until now, appropriate measures targeting domestic rice markets have not been found. In addition, domestic grain piers, which are currently used exclusively for the import of grain, do not have sufficient capacity to handle export operations. Therefore this paper will examine the current status of domestic grain piers, and will suggest a operating plan in grain terminal for the export of grain in order to successfully bring domestically produced rice to foreign markets. The conclusions drawn from this paper are designed to be used as a basic application for the operational plan of grain piers for the purpose of increasing domestic rice exports.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.60-87
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• 2021

Purpose - This study examines the role of e-commerce resulting from technological innovation as a new approach toward internationalization. We study the relationship between e-commerce export and country distance, measured in CAGE distance, which has hindered traditional internationalization. As a control variable, entrepreneurship was introduced to check the moderating effect on the relationship between country distance and e-commerce export. Design/methodology - Based on empirical analysis, e-commerce exports from the Republic of Korea to 96 countries were used as dependent variables. First, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test the hypothesis about each country's distance, measured by CAGE distance, and each dimension of CAGE, on e-commerce exports. Next, the hypothesis was tested through the interaction term to examine the moderating effect of entrepreneurship. Findings - The analysis showed that the hypothesis, which postulated e-commerce exports as affected negatively by the country's distance, was supported but not that all CAGE dimensions affected it. Specifically, geographical distance and economic distance have negative effects, but cultural distance and administrative distance did not affect e-commerce exports. Thus, in contrast to the expectation that distance restrictions in e-commerce would not exist, this study confirmed that distance still matters to internationalization and that entrepreneurship can mitigate the adverse effects. Originality/value - Through these results, when export firms try to enter new markets and start internationalization through e-commerce, the entrepreneurship of the importing country should be considered.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.119-134
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• 2019

This study focuses on a recent WTO SPS dispute related to Korea Import Bans and Testing and Certification Requirements for Radionuclides (DS495) in order to learn from the case and take proactive measures to prevent potential import restrictions by Japan on Korean seafood. Korean-Radionuclides (Japan) emphasizes the importance of sufficient scientific evidence, especially scientific information from relevant international organizations, in an effort to take preventive measures towards Japan's restrictions on Korean seafood imports. Japan claims that a novel parasite, Kudoa septempuctata, in Korean flatfish causes food poisoning. As food poisoning is a serious concern, there is a low possibility that Japan's enhanced monitoring measures would be more trade restrictive than required as prescribed in Article 5.6 of the WTO SPS Agreement. In addition, Korea is the biggest exporter of olive flounder to Japan. Hence, the possibility that similar conditions could be established is low in relation to non-discriminatory principles under the WTO SPS Agreement. Accordingly, we should collect relevant scientific evidence, improve domestic sanitary management of fishery products, and seek export diversification so that we prepare for potential import restrictions by Japan and minimize implications.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.301-319
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• 2019

This study is to review the Joseon government's attempt to recover the tariff autonomy lost in the course of entering into the unequal treaty with then-Japan government, as well as the practical effort to realize such an attempt. Among other attempts, the Joseon government ① began imposing tariffs starting September 1878 by establishing Dumopo Customs Office in Busan, ② dispatched on April 1881 a group of investigators to the competent authorities to review and look back the Joseon's tariff system against Japan and ③ entered into a tariff negotiation with then-Japan government on September 1881 with the emissary (Susinsa) Byeong-ho Jo representing the Joseon government. A series of these attempts, in line with each other, represents the Joseon government's ceaseless, constant effort to recover the tariff autonomy, which is what this study intends to review from the modern-day perspectives. Authored by Byeong-ho Jo to capture an advantageous position in the 1881's tariff negotiation against then-Japan government, 「Joilseui」 successfully represented the Joseon government's position on matters of ① the Japanese tax-autonomous district in Korea, ② defining tariff rates, ③ use of Japanese Yen for payment of tariffs, ④ effective period of the treaty and ⑤ export restrictions on grains. Failure of the Joseon government's attempt to recover the Tariff autonomy was attributable not only to, as 「Joilseui」 defined, ① governments' non-cooperative attitudes on the negotiation table, ② lack of authorities that the entrusted bodies had, ③ import tariffs defined high and ④ export restrictions on grains and red ginseng, but also to loss of the tariff autonomy in 1876 and the 1881's negotiation broken down that were plotted by then-Japan government's invasive policy.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2020년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.80-81
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• 2020

코로나 19로 인하여, 전 세계 경제가 위기 상황에 직면해 있으며 수출을 위주로 하는 산업에 대해서는 기업의 생존을 고민해야 하는 상황이다. 정부와 업계에서는 여러 방면으로 수출 활성화를 위해 노력하고 있으며, 비대면 수출 활동에 제약이 발생하면서 비대면으로 수출 마케팅을 실행할 수 있는 여러 방법들을 고민하고 있다. 그중에서도 온라인을 통한 전시회를 진행하는 부분에 대해서 여러 산업에서 다방면으로 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 특히 조선해양 산업은 수출 주력산업으로, 전 세계적으로 개최되는 오프라인 전시회가 마케팅의 중요한 기회의 장이었고, 이를 대체할 수 있는 온라인 전시회 활용이 절실한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 조선해양 산업에 적합한 온라인 전시장 구축에 필요한 여러 요소 기술들인 AR, VR, MR 등에 대해서 알아보고, 온라인 전시회에 어떻게 접목되는지.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2013

WTO 출범과 미국 및 EU와의 FTA로 의해 국제적으로 농산물 교역은 자유화되었으며 외국의 저렴한 농산물이 국내시장에 상당한 영향을 미치고 있다. 이러한 환경 하에서 우리나라 농업은 영세한 구조로 인해 농가소득의 장기적이고 안정적인 수익창출에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 연구는 무역자유화 및 FTA로 인한 시장개방에 따른 급속한 농산물 교역시장의 경쟁구도 하에서 우리나라 수출농업 활성화를 위해 토마토를 대상으로 최적의 토마토 수출 생산자를 결정하기 위한 새로운 다기준 의사결정 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 2단계 의사결정 모델을 개발하는데, 먼저 전국의 토마토 생산자가 너무 광범위하므로 예비 토마토 수출 생산자 선정을 위한 1차 계층 모델을 수립하고, 최적의 토마토 수출 생산자 선정을 위한 2차 상세 계층화 모델을 수립하였다. 본 연구에서는 다기준 의사결정의 대표적인 기법인 AHP 기법을 적용하여 평가요인간의 중요도를 결정하고 이를 토대로 하여 최적의 토마토 수출 생산자를 선정하였다. 궁극적으로 본 연구방법 및 결과는 토마토뿐만 아니라 국내 농산물의 해외수출시 수출업자가 적합한 농산물 생산자를 선정하는데 체계적이고 효율적인 의사결정 방법론으로 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 이는 수출경쟁력 향상에도 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제13C권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2006

오늘날 상용화된 DRM(Digital Rights Management) 제품들은 많이 있으나 DRM간 상호 호환성이 없는 상태이다. DRM간 호환성 결여로 인하여 사용자의 불편은 증대되고 디지털 콘텐츠의 유통은 제한된 범위로 제약을 받고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 DRM의 호환성 지원을 위해 DRM 표준화에 대한 요구가 증대되고 있으나 지배적 위치의 DRM 표준이 마련되지 않아 호환성 문제를 해결하지 못하고 있는 상태이다. 이에 본 논문은 MP3 파일의 저작권보호를 위해 사용되는 상이한 DRM 시스템간 상호 호환을 위한 보완재적 DRM 기술로써 DRM 콘텐츠의 반출(EXport) 및 반입(IMport)을 통한 연동 방안(EXIM)을 제안한다. 제안하는 EXIM 방안은 상호 연동이 필요한 두 DRM 시스템이 자신의 구조를 공개하거나 변경하지 않고도 개방형 기술규격을 통해 DRM 콘텐츠를 상호 호환될 수 있도록 한다.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2020

Recently, the use of domestic products securing domestic technology is encouraged, because of export restrictions of the countries or DMSMS(diminishing manufacturing sources and shortages). Domestic weapon systems are actively focused on the parts localization process of R&D projects based on Systems Engineering. However, it is the only way to do technical review for Systems Engineering process up to now. There is a case of application in Localization with Systems Engineering process, but the SE activity is not enough. This study is how to apply Systems Engineering process to Localization effectively based on real cases.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제31권
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• pp.155-183
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• 2006

Recently, the anti-dumping actions of China are becoming aggressive, resulting in the speculation that Korea's trade surplus to China will be reduced. Anti-Dumping Actions by the Chinese Government are also becoming harsh. According to KOTRA, 18 anti-dumping actions were taken by the Chinese government against Korean products. The Chinese government has opened two additional cases of dumping investigations again Korean products 2005 as well. Therefore, Korea will likely face more trade restrictions in the form of anti-dumping in China Accordingly, the Accused party need to understand Anti-Dumping Act of China. The trade related authorities are monitoring on the China related information, and builds system barring Anti-Dumping Actions. Also, companies strongly export the differential products to the China.