• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.19-27
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• 2021

Purpose: Purchasing food via online shopping channels is booming during Covid-19 Pandemic in Vietnam. However, the perceived risks of food bought via online shopping channels may discourage consumers. Hence, this study assesses the effects of perceived risks on food purchase intention via online shopping channels in Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: This study applied the multiple regression analysis with 253 samples collected from consumers who frequently purchase food via online shopping channels in Vietnam. The questionnaire is provided to respondents via Google Form. The sample collection method is convenience sampling. Three hundred samples were collected, but 253 samples are used after filtering the responses with missing data. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and regression analysis are used for data analysis on SPSS software version 20. Results: The results show that product risk, security risk, time risk, and fraud risk of the seller negatively affect the intention to buy food via online shopping channels in Vietnam. Conclusions: The study provides several implications and recommendations for food companies and online food sellers. Reducing customers' perceived risks online food makes customers more willing to buy food online during Covid-19 Pandemic. Limitations and suggestions for further research are also discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.160-169
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• 2016

Self-Compassion(SCS) Scale is developed by Neff(2003a) and translated by Kim, Lee, Cho, Chae, Lee(2008). But, there is the limitation with validation SCS and Korean version Self-Compassion(K-SCS) performed in college students and the incoherence for the results of the scale's factor analysis in other countries. Therefore, this study examined the validity of factor structure in SCS based on data in 435 adult aged from 18 to 79. For this, we conducted exploratory factor analysis(EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA), and we examined the each adequacy of two-factor, tree-factor and six-factor model. The result of EFA supported six-factor and the result of CFA was the six factor model best as well.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2020

This study aims to deeply analyze the information consumption behavior structure of rural residents in Changchun, China. and further improve the information consumption level of rural residents. Questionnaire survey and statistical analysis were used in this study. First, Through in-depth interview and open questionnaire collection and compilation of measurement questions. Secondly, residents in 15 rural areas around Changchun were selected for the survey, Finally, SPSS23.0 was used for exploratory factor analysis of recovered data, and Mplus7.4 was used for confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that the structure of information consumption behavior of rural residents in Changchun includes three dimensions of information demand, information literacy and payment ability, which is corresponding to the previous studies on information consumption behavior structure's demand power, purchasing power and information quality. This study has certain empirical validity.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.709-715
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• 2013

The purposes of this study were to consider the influence of person-environment fit in the family restaurants on employees' stress. Based on total 274 samples obtained from empirical research from March 20 to April 10, 2013, self-administrated questionnaires were completed by patrons in metropolitan area and data were analysed by frequency, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multi-regression analysis. Results of study were as follows: From the exploratory factor analysis of the variables, 4 factors, i.e. person-organization fit(3 variables), person-job fit(3 variables), person-supervisor fit(3 variables), and employees' stress(5 variables) were extracted. The results showed that employees' person-organization fit was significant differences according to gender(male $4.43{\pm}1.45$; female $4.83{\pm}1.34$; p<0.05). In terms of employees' person-supervisor fit was significant differences according to age(20' $3.08{\pm}0.99$, 30' $3.52{\pm}0.10$; 40' $3.71{\pm}1.07$; p<0.05). Also, the person-job fit(${\beta}$=-0.472; p<0.001), and person-supervisor fit(${\beta}$=-0.285; p<0.001) among the person-environment fit had a significant negative effect on employees' stress. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is examine the validity of digital competency indicators in order to develop a tool that can measure the digital competency of preschool teachers. To review the validity, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted on the data of 272 preschool teachers. The exploratory factor analysis resulted in four factors, and the confirmatory factor analysis verified the fit, validity(convergent validity, discriminant validity) and reliability of each competency group and the model composition of sub-competency indicators. The four factors validated were named 'Understanding Digital Technologies', 'Digital Technology Understanding', 'Digital Technology Application', 'Digital Technology-based Communication', 'Digital Ethics Understanding and Practice'. The analysis results demonstrated the reliability and validity of the tool for measuring the digital competencies of preschool teachers, and it is meaningful in that it can provide a foundation for measuring the digital competency of preschool teachers and conducting education program suitable for each digital competency level.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.184-194
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a diabetes management self-efficacy scale for older adults (DMSES-O). Methods: A preliminary DMSES-O of 22 items was derived from a literature review and seven domains of self-management behaviors. Content validity was confirmed by experts in diabetes self-management education. To test the reliability and validity of the DMSES-O, data were collected from 150 older adults with type 2 diabetes. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: From the exploratory factor analysis, 17 significant items in six subscales were derived. Factors derived were named "problem solving for hypoglycemia and self-monitoring blood glucose," "problem solving for hyperglycemia," "coping with psychological distress and taking medication," "reducing risks of diabetes complications," "appropriate exercise," and "healthy eating." The criterion-related validity of the DMSES-O was established by its correlation with the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Questionnaire. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, a measure of internal consistency, was .84 for the overall scale and ranged from .54 to .80 for the subscales. Conclusion: The DMSES-O is a reliable and valid instrument to measure selfefficacy for diabetes self-management among older adults.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2018

Since the beginning of the first online shopping mall, BEST 100 is being provided as the core of all shopping mall websites. BEST 100 is greatly important because consumers can identify popular products at a glance. However, there are only studies using sales outcome indicators, and prior studies using BEST 100 are insignificant. Therefore, this study selected 11 online shopping malls and compared their main characteristics. As a research method, exploratory data analysis technique (EDA) was used by crawling the BEST 100 components of each shopping mall website, such as product name, price, and free shipping check. As a result, the total average price of 11 shopping malls was 72,891.41 won. Sales texts were classified into 8 categories by text mining. The most common category was the fashion part, but it is significant that the setting of the category analyzed the marketing text, not the product attribute. This study has implications for understanding the current online market flow and suggesting future directions by using EDA.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.48-57
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze the relationships among brand value, brand trust, and brand loyalty of dessert cafes and to verify the mediating effect of brand trust in the relationship between brand value and loyalty. This study targeted eight dessert cafes located in Seoul, and a survey with customers aged 20 or over was conducted over 11 days from April 10th to 21th, 2017. A total of 230 self-administered questionnaires were distributed, and 205 questionnaires (89.13%) were included for the data analysis after the exclusion of 25 incomplete and unreliable responses. Every data used for analysis went through frequency analysis, reliability test, exploratory factor analysis, simple regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, mediator effect analysis, and Sobel test using the SPSS 18.0 analysis program. The study results revealed that brand value had a significant positive relationship to brand trust, and brand trust had a significant positive relationship to brand loyalty. Also, brand value had a significant positive relationship to brand loyalty, and brand trust mediated the relationship between brand value and loyalty. Based on these findings, the discussion to enhance brand loyalty of dessert cafes were suggested.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.267-275
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of sports center members' lifestyles on participation promotion and choice behavior. To this end, more specifically, we intend to establish and clarify a hypothetical model based on the preceding studies of facilitating factors and factors that continue to participate according to the lifestyle of sports center members. In order to achieve this research purpose, the study subjects were set as the population of male and female adults over 20 who are using sports centers in Gwangju Metropolitan City and Jeollanam-do in 2021. As for the sampling method, the sample was extracted using cluster random sampling, and 300 people were used for the actual analysis, excluding 60 copies of double-entry and insincere or unreliable questionnaires. The survey tool was modified and supplemented according to this study based on the questionnaire that had been verified for reliability and validity in previous studies, and all questionnaire items were composed of a 5-point scale. The statistical analysis used for data analysis was frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS Windows 21.0 Version. The conclusions obtained in this study through data analysis by such methods and procedures are as follows. First, according to the lifestyle of sports center members, participation promotion factors were found to have a partial influence. Second, according to the lifestyle of sports center members, the selection behavior was found to have a partial influence. Third, it was found that the participation promotion factors of sports center members partially affected the choice behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.4 s.206
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• pp.203-223
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• 2005

This study investigated the leisure constraints and leisure life satisfaction of the institutional elderly. The respondents were 302 elderly people residing in 5 free institutionalized elderly homes in Seoul. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, One-way ANOVA, Duncan's post hoc test and regression analysis using SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 10 items in the proposed scale could be grouped into four factors of constraint on leisure:'physical constraint','psychological constraint','interpersonal constraint', and 'structural constraint 'There were differences in leisure constraints according to sex, age, education degree, interaction with facility colleagues, and interaction with facility staff. There were differences in leisure life satisfaction according to sex, age, having religion or not, interaction with facility colleagues, interaction with facility staff and leisure constraints. Regression analysis results indicated that the main effective factors of leisure life satisfaction were leisure constraints.