• 한국환경생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생물학회 2004년도 학술대회
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• pp.22-22
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• 2004

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2012

The performance and characteristics of nutrient removal in wetlands influenced by plant type. We tested a floating plant, Eichhornia crassipes, and a submerged plant, Ceratophyllum demersum, under the same environmental conditions to understand the differences in nutrient uptake by these different plant forms. The total nitrogen and phosphorus in the water decreased in the following order: Water Only < Water + Soil < Floating Plants ${\approx}$ Submerged Plants and Water Only < Water+Soil < Floating Plants < Submerged Plants. Nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations increased in both plants; however, the phosphorous concentration was greater in C. demersum than E. crassipes. The submerged plant exhibited higher phosphorus uptake per unit biomass than the floating plant, but nitrogen uptake did not differ significantly. These results suggest that the presence of soil influences nitrogen and phosphorus removal from water, and that wetland plants play an important role in the assimilation and precipitation of phosphorus. Understanding the differences in contaminant removal performance and characteristics of various plant forms can help in the selection of diverse plants for constructed wetlands to improve water quality and provide ecosystem services such as wildlife habitat and landscape enhancement.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.220-227
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• 2018

Background: To understand the ecological characteristics of floating mat in which endangered species of Iris laevigata and Menyanthes trifoliata inhabit, we surveyed the vegetation and water environments of a floating mat wetland and examined the relations between ecological characteristics of the mat. Results: Although Phragmites australis and Zizania latifolia were found at all experimental quadrats (n = 61) as the major vegetational components of the floating mat wetland, they showed relatively poor growth performances in terms of shoot height (< 2 m) and biomass production (<$300g/m^2$) compared with those in soil-based wetlands because of oligotrophic water condition. The competitiveness and distribution of P. australis and Z. latifolia seemed to be determined by water level difference by micro-topography rather than water chemistry. Conclusion: P. australis and endangered plant species mainly occurred in the area of relatively shallow water, whereas Z. latifolia and deep-water species such as Scirpus fluviatilis mostly inhabit in the area of deep water on the floating mat. Continuously maintained water level and oligotrophic water condition in the floating mat appeared to be important environments for endangered species such as I. laevigata and M. trifoliata.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.94-104
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• 2001

A pilot study was performed at the experimental field of Konkuk University in Seoul, to examine the feasibility of the constructed wetland system for sewage and the effect of treated sewage irrigation on the paddy rice culture and its soil characteristics. The constructed wetland performed well, in that effluent concentrations of pollutants were significantly lower than concentrations of the influent. Median removal efficiencies of BOD$_{5}$ was about 78% and slightly lower during winter. Removal efficiencies form TN and TP were approximately 48 and 21%, respectively, and relatively less effective than that of BOD$_{5}$. Irrigation of treated sewage to paddy rice culture did not affect adversely in both growth and yield of rice. Instead, plots of treated sewage irrigation showed up to 50% more yield in average than the control plot. It implies that treated sewage irrigation might be beneficial to rice culture rather than detrimental as long as it is treated adequately and used properly. Soil was sampled and analyzed before transplanting and after harvesting. pH was slightly increased due to irrigation water, but it may not be concerned as long as the treated sewage is within the normal range. EC was increased in first year but decreased in second year, therefore salts accumulation in the soil could be less concerned. OM and CES was slightly increased, which might be beneficial on growing plants. TN did not show apparent pattern. Available phosphorus was decreased after rice culture, but the quantity of phosphorus(TP-available phosphorus) was rather increased which implies that excessive phosphorus supply may result in phosphorus accumulation in the soil. Overall, the constructed wetland was thought to be an effective sewage treatment alternative, and treated sewage could be reused as a supplemental source of irrigation water for paddy rice culture without causing adverse effect as long as it is treated adequately and used properly. For full-scale application, further investigation should be followed on environmental risk assessment, tolerable water quality, and fraction of supplemental irrigation.ion.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.93-107
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• 2013

Construction of an artificial wetland for the growth of Sphagnum palustre with emergent macrophytes (Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, and Zizania latifolia) was firstly tried and the growth of those plant components according to various environmental combinations has been monitored for three years. Above-ground dry weight of Z. latifolia ($1,500g/m^2$) was higher than T. angustifolia ($900g/m^2$) and P. australis ($500g/m^2$) under most environmental conditions. In overall, planted emergent macrophytes seemed to prefer polishing sand without moss peat as a substrate and relatively deep water-depth condition (20cm) rather than shallow water-depth (5cm). Despite of high calcium content in inflow water (> 15ppm) into the constructed wetland, S. palustre populations have survived in most experimental plots during the monitoring period. Substrate layer including moss peat with high surface-area might play a role as an ion-filter. After three years, relatively thicker litter-layer in Z. latifolia plots due to vigorous growth appeared to heavily depress S. palustre by physical compressing and complete shading processes. Most of all, for the continuous growth of S. palustre, physio-chemical characteristics of water and substrate must be carefully managed. In addition, companion emergent species should be also cautiously selected not to depress S. palustre by much litter production. We suggest P. australis and T. angustifolia as companion species rather than Z. latifolia.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.62-69
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• 2021

This study aimed to verify the suitability of an air quality regulating service for wetland ecosystem service evaluation by investigating the effect of reducing particulate matter (PM) on vegetation in wetlands. We installed tunnel-type experimental plots at Yonghwasil Pond in the National Institute of Ecology and set up the input and output of PM by applying the natural vegetation of the relevant wetlands. We took measurements by replicating four different conditions four times each. The air quality regulating service in each experimental plot was measured based on PM10 concentration; further, the difference between the input and the output concentration of PM passing through the Phragmites australis community tunnel was measured using a light scattering method. For the Phragmites australis community in the outdoor conditions and bare land, the PM concentration was measured with the same specifications as tunnel-type experimental plots without setting up the input and output. For the tunnel-type experimental plots, PM10 concentration was significantly lower in the output than in the input. Furthermore, in the outdoor conditions, a comparison between the Phragmites australis community and bare land showed that the concentration was relatively low in the former than in the latter. This confirmed the PM reducing effect due to the blockage and absorption of PM depending on the growth of Phragmites australis. Based on the results of this study, we assessed the air quality regulating service in wetlands as an evaluation indicator.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 2011년 6월부터 11월까지 충청남도 논산시 양지리의 가축폐수 처리를 위해 조성된 인공습지에서 정수식물인 갈대의 처리공정별 계절별 생물량 변이와 질소 인의 흡수량, 수처리 효율을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 조사기간 동안 인공습지 내 갈대의 총 생물량은 200.1 ~ 669.4 kg의 범위로 보이며 계절별 총 생물량은 7월에 669.4 kg로 가장 높게 나타났다. 인공습지 내 갈대의 지상부 질소 함량은 $21.9{\pm}0.6{\sim}32.1{\pm}1.5mg/g$, 지하부는 $15.1{\pm}5.5{\sim}24.9{\pm}5.7mg/g$, 인의 함량은 지상부에서 $1.5{\pm}0.3{\sim}2.4{\pm}0.2mg/g$, 지하부는 $1.6{\pm}0.6{\sim}2.5{\pm}0.6mg/g$의 범위로 조사되었다. 인공습지 내 갈대의 질소 흡수량은 9.7 ~ 28.0 kg, 인의 흡수량은 0.7 ~ 2.8 kg의 범위로 조사되었다. 질소의 흡수량은 7월에 28.0 kg으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 11월에 9.7 kg으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 인의 흡수량은 6월에 2.8 kg으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 11월에 0.7 kg으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 인공습지로 이입되는 가축폐수의 질소 인 저감 효율은 각각 23.0, 59.1 %로 조사되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 인공습지 내 오염물질 및 영양염류 순환 도출에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.535-545
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• 2011

본 연구는 하도 내 홍수터 중심의 하천습지를 대상으로 현존 식생군집의 분석결과를 기준으로 식생 우세도지수를 산정하여 하천습지의 자연도를 평가함으로써 식생학적 복원의 기초자료를 제시하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구의 대상지는 금강수계의 논산천과 한강수계의 홍천강으로 일정한 하천구간을 선정하여 자연구간과 도시구간으로 구분 한 후 상관식생의 군집 및 토지이용 유형을 조사분석하고, 습지식생의 우세도 지수를 적용하여 하천습지의 자연도 평가를 수행하였다. 논산천과 홍천강은 유역의 규모와 특성, 하천환경의 교란과정 및 훼손의 상태 등에 있어서의 상당한 차이를 반영하듯 조사분석된 식생군집 및 토지이용의 양상도 많은 차이를 나타내었다. 특히 상관 식생군집의 공통성도 갯버들 1종을 제외하고는 매우 상이하였고, 또한 토지이용 양상도 많은 차이를 보였다. 습지식생의 우세도 지수를 적용하여 하천습지의 자연도를 평가한 결과 논산천과 홍천강 모두 자연구간이 도시구간에 비해 습지로서의 적합성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 반면 논산천과 홍천강의 자연구간만의 비교평가시 논산천의 자연도가 높게 나타났으나 이는 홍천강의 경우 제방사면이나 천이고지에 정착한 육상형 식생군집이 포함된데 기인하는 것이라 판단된다. 결론적으로 습지식생 우세도 지수에 의한 하천습지의 자연도 평가결과는 양하천수계 및 구간의 하천환경 특성을 상당하게 반영하고 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2005

Wetland systems are widely accepted natural water purification systems around the world in nonpoint sources pollution control. Constructed wetlands have become a popular technology for treating contaminated surface and wastewater. In this study, the field experiment to reduce nonpoint source pollution loadings from polluted stream waters using wetland system was performed from June 2002 to March 2004, including winter performance using four newly constructed wetlands. The Dangjin stream water flowing into Seokmun estuarine lake was pumped into wetlands, and inflow and hydraulic residence time of the system was $500m^{3}{\~}1500m^{3}/day\;and\;2{\~}5$ days respectively. After 3 years operation plant-coverage was about $80~90\%$ from zero at initial stage even with no plantation. Average water quality of the influent in growing season was BOD_{5}\;3.96mg/L$, TSS 22.98 mg/L, T-N 3.29 mg/L, T-P 0.30 mg/L. The average removal rate of four wetlands for $BOD_{5},\;TSS,\;T-N\;and\;T-P$ in growing season was $24\%$, $62\%$, $54\%$, and $51\%$, respectively. And average water quality of the influent in winter season was $BOD_{5}$ 4.92 mg/L, TSS 12.47 mg/L, T-N 5.54 mg/L, and T-P 0.32 mg/L, respectively. The average removal rate of four wetlands for them was $-21\%$. $23\%$, $33\%$, and $53\%$, respectively. The reason of higher BOD_{5} effluent concentration in winter season might be that low temperature restrained microorganism activity and a organic body from the withered plant and algae was flown out. Except the result of $BOD_{5}$, the effectiveness of water quality improvement in winter season was satisfactory for treating polluted stream waters, and $BOD_{5}$ variation was within the range of background concentration. Performance of the experimental system was compared with existing data base (NADB), and it was within the range of general system performance. Overall, the wetland system was found to be satisfactory for NPS control such as improvement of polluted stream water.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2012

대동천 유역은 2007년부터 UNESCO IHP(International Hydrologic Programme)의 대표시험 유역으로 선정되어 운영되고 있다. 대동천은 대전광역시에 위치하고 있으며 도시/방재 시험유역으로서의 모니터링 계획이 수립되어 강수량, 유출량 및 수질 등과 같은 수문 기초자료를 수집하여 제공하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2011년도에 측정된 유량 및 수질관측 자료를 활용하여 도시하천 유역에서의 강우-유출수 비점오염물질에 대한 유출특성을 분석하였다. 시험유역 운영결과로서 판암교 지점과 철갑교 지점의 수위-유량관계곡선을 작성 하였으며, 강우량에 따른 비점오염원의 유출특성을 비교하기 위하여 10개의 수질항목에 대한 유량가중평균농도(EMC)를 산정하여, 강우량, 선행강우량 및 토지이용 상태에 따른 관측지점별 비점오염원의 유출특성에 대해 분석 하였다.