• 응용통계연구
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.883-890
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• 2010

Since Fisher's exact test is conducted conditional on the observed value of the margin, there are two kinds of the exact power, the conditional and the unconditional exact power. The conditional exact power is computed at a given value of the margin whereas the unconditional exact power is calculated by incorporating the uncertainty of the margin. Although the sample size is determined based on the unconditional exact power, the actual power which Fisher's exact test has is the conditional power after the experiment is finished. This paper investigates differences between the conditional and unconditional exact power Fisher's exact test. We conclude that such discrepancy is a disadvantage of Fisher's exact test.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2011

In this study we experimented that how polyurethane effect to acrylic-polyurethane resin in Full-Grain leather coatings. First of all, we consummated waterborne acrylic emulsion and waterborne polyurethane resin, Than we prepared F.G leathers which were coated by acrylic resin and acrylic-polyurethane resins. According to measured data for solvent resistance, acrylic resin and acrylic-polyurethane resins had good property. Sample a(WAC) had most low strength($2.10kg_f/mm^2$) and sample d(WAC 93 : WPU 7) had most high strength($3.41kg_f/mm^2$). Also we knew that most good property of abrasion is d(47.4 mg). In elongation case, a(WAC) had most good result(645 %) in this experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.41-60
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• 1998

This paper derives a consistent and bias corrected extension of Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), $AIC_{bc}$, based on Kullback-Leibler information. This criterion has terms that penalize the overparametrization more strongly for small and large samples than that of AIC. The overfitting problem of the asymptotically efficient model selection criteria for small and large samples will be overcome. The $AIC_{bc}$ also provides a consistent model order selection. Thus, it is widely applicable to data with small and/or large sample sizes, and to cases where the number of free parameters is a relatively large fraction of the sample size. Relationships with other model selection criteria such as $AIC_c$ of Hurvich, CAICF of Bozdogan and etc. are discussed. Empirical performances of the $AIC_{bc}$ are studied and discussed in better model order choices of a linear regression model using a Monte Carlo experiment.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.352-358
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• 2004

The firing reaction and calcination characteristics of the waste shellfish were examined for the future use as absorbent. The weight variation was measured according to thermal-decomposition using TGA and observed variation of the phase. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the sample were performed using XRD and the structural analysis, SEM. The results of TGA and XRD experiments showed that the almost all of the raw Corbicula Japonica and Ostrea virginjca were changed from calcite to lime by firing and calcination reaction. The result of SEM experiment showed that the plate type of the raw sample was changed to circle type, so the surface area ratio was increased. Above results suggested that waste shellfish were usable as absorbent in the viewpoint of the reuse of resource and the decrease of environmental pollution.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제7권s1호
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• pp.118-122
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• 1998

$Al_2O_x$(0$Al_2O_3$ gradient coatings were formed by evaporating pure aluminium(99.9%) in $O_2$ environment with an IBAD facility, 12keV $Ar^+$ was used to irradiate the coatings simultaneously during the deposition. Sample's composition and depth profile were analysed by RBS and AES measurement, and their microhardness and porosity property were also measured in the experiment. Results show that, the oxygen concentration in the deposited coatings has a nearly linear relationship with the inputting gas flow before $O_2$ partial pressure in the target chamber reaches $1.2\times10^{-3}$ mbar under which stoichiometric $Al_2O_3$ could be formed; and sample's microhardness and porosity property is affected significantly by the oxygen concentration in the coatings.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2010

This paper explores a new approach for modeling of decision-making problems that involve uncertain, time-dependent and sequence-dependent processes which can be applied to semiconductor industry. In the proposed approach, which is based on probability theory, approximate sample paths are required to be specified by probability and statistic characteristics. Completely specified sample paths are seen to be elementary and fundamental outcomes of the related experiment. The proposed approach is suitable for modeling real processes more accurately. A case study is applied to a single item production planning problem with continuous and uncertain demand and the solution obtained by the approximate path specification method shows less computational efforts and practically desirable features. The application possibility and general plan of the proposed approach in semiconductor manufacturing process is also described in the paper.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.29-43
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to develop a pain management protocol for nursing home patients with dementia and to examine effects of the protocol on pain assessments and interventions by the nurses and on pain relief signs in the patients. Method: The six steps in the protocol development and the examination of effect are outlined. Three rounds using the Delphi technique and one group pretest-posttest design experiment were developed. Design issues, such as sample selection and sample size, are addressed in relation to the study protocol. Results: After implementation of the pain management protocol, there were significant changes nursing actions including frequency of number of physical examinations, utilization of pain assessment tools, and request to doctors for discomfort management and there were significant changes in frequency in the number of verbal and physical expressions of pain, and emotional patterns. Conclusion: This is the first pain management protocol for patients with dementia in Korea. However, more study will be needed to determine the methodological strength and necessary revisions for the protocol.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.1457-1463
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• 1999

Structure and their redox property of the vanadium oxides prepared by decomposing NH₄VO₃ at various temperatures were studied by XRD, SEM, XPS, and temperature programmed reduction/temperature programmed oxidation (TPR/TPO) experiment. All TPR profiles have two sharp peaks in the temperature range 650-750℃, and the area ratio of the two sharp peaks changed from sample to sample. There were three redox steps in TPR/TPO profiles. The oxidation proceeded in the reverse order of the reduction process, and both the reactions proceeded via quite a stable intermediates. The changes of the morphological factor $(I_{(101)}/I_{(010)})$, the ratio of $O_{1S}$ peak area (O$_{1S}$( α)/O$_{1S}$( β)) in the XPS results, and the ratio of hydrogen consumption in TPR profiles with various vanadium oxides showed the distinct relationship between the structural property and their redox property of vanadium oxides. The change of the specific yield of phthalic anhydride with various vanadium oxides showed a very similar trend to those of the peak area ratio in TPR profiles, which meant that the first reduction step related to the partial oxidation of o-xylene on the vanadium oxide catalyst.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1472-1480
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• 2021

Image stacking technique is one of the key techniques for complex surface reconstruction. The process includes sample collection, image processing, algorithm editing, surface reconstruction, and finally reaching reliable conclusions. Since this experiment is based on laser scanning confocal microscope to collect the original contour information of the sample, it is necessary to briefly introduce the relevant principle and operation method of laser scanning confocal microscope. After that, the original image is collected and processed, and the data is expanded by interpolation method. Meanwhile, several methods of surface reconstruction are listed. After comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each method, one-dimensional interpolation and volume rendering are finally used to reconstruct the 3D model. The experimental results show that the final 3d surface modeling is more consistent with the appearance information of the original samples. At the same time, the algorithm is simple and easy to understand, strong operability, and can meet the requirements of surface reconstruction of different types of samples.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제50권
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• pp.12.1-12.11
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• 2020

Hot stage microscopy (HSM) is a thermal analysis technique that combines the best properties of thermal analysis and microscopy. HSM is rapidly gaining interest in pharmaceuticals as well as in other fields as a regular characterization technique. In pharmaceuticals HSM is used to support differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) observations and to detect small changes in the sample that may be missed by DSC and TGA during a thermal experiment. Study of various physical and chemical properties such sample morphology, crystalline nature, polymorphism, desolvation, miscibility, melting, solid state transitions and incompatibility between various pharmaceutical compounds can be carried out using HSM. HSM is also widely used to screen cocrystals, excipients and polymers for solid dispersions. With the advancements in research methodologies, it is now possible to use HSM in conjunction with other characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), DSC, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which may have additional benefits over traditional characterization techniques for rapid and comprehensive solid state characterization.