• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.93-101
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• 2018

A city is like a living organism that is born, grows and become extinct within an ecosystem. In recent years, more and more cities have been planned by designers rather than spontaneously growing over time. This planning means that if a city is not appropriately designed at the beginning, it is very hard to fix or adjust it later. A poor urban design inconveniences many people, and forces them to adjust to it. For this reason, it is important to design a city as optimally as possible at the design phase. One of the reasons why a city is not designed optimally is complexity. Previous urban design methods have attempted to resolve the complexity by using a top-down problem-solving method based on the experience and knowledge of the urban planner. However, such an approach does not have the organic characteristics of a bottom-up problem-solving method of an artificial life, based on the creation principle of the ecosystem. Therefore, in this study the general principle of artificial life, which can provide a solution to the bigger problems that accumulate as a result of the solutions to small units of problems, is adopted. This enables us to draw various urban design alternatives, and it proves that the alternatives, despite being drawn through a limited modeling method, have almost no differences from those designed by an expert, and its possibilities of future development has also been verified.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine department satisfaction for improving the competitiveness of department of dental technology and providing basic data for students successful guidance. Methods: The study subject were 560 students from 4 colleges, and they were selected by the convenient sampling method. Data for this survey was obtain by self-administration method. This questionnaire consist of general characteristics, the awareness of before entering department of dental technology, the satisfaction of department of dental technology, an opinion about change of one's course and temporary absence. Results: About the time of selecting their major, 70.1% of students answered the most before highschool. Department of dental technology and the most common source of information in selecting a majors is the person oneself(52.6%). The person who answers because of knowing a little bit for the question asking the priori knowledge of department of dental technology showed up as 66.3%. About the motivation for selection their major, 37.4% of students answered the most it seemed to be a future prospect. As to the extend of department satisfaction, the satisfaction showed up as 63.3%, but the extend of satisfaction was exposed to reduce as the grade increased. The dissatisfaction factor is the difficulty of the theory(29.8%). Many students do not want to change their majors even if they are provided with the chance to do so(68.7%). From the survey related to the experience of thinking over temporary absence and drop out, 56.8% of students responded they had experienced thinking about that. Current feelings after department selection was found to be the most significant factor that affects satisfaction of department of dental technology(Adjusted $R^2$=48.3%). Conclusion: The extend of satisfaction of the women is low. The extend of satisfaction reduces as the grade increases. The school subject extend of satisfaction can know that ratio about of considering the leave of absence and voluntary withdrawal increases. Therefore, the plan of education that women can adapt the women o the school subject well and that it can be satisfied is sought for. It is considered that effort promoting the extend of satisfaction is needed as the grade increases.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.70-80
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• 2012

There isn't much of discussion about survey of traditional Korean garden with a perspective of Pungsu. Strictly speaking, it is difficult to list the names of gardens in which Pungsu theory is applied. But it is necessary to study in depth the Korean garden in mountain in relation with Pungsu. The reason is as follow; First, Pung-su and gardening both reflect man's responsive attitude and approach toward nature. Second, selecting a site for a garden requires aesthetic eyes to consider the harmony with the surrounding landscape and its compositions, where the perspective of Pungsu can play as an important component at work. Third, Pungsus complementary function justifies the correlation between Pungsu and Korean gardens. Gardens can be viewed as a solution to complement negative elements of Pungsu on site. This article tries to study the relationship between Pungsu and Korean garden in mountain in terms of Pungsu aesthetics. In Kosan Yoon Sun-Do's Buyong-dong garden, excavated perspectives of Pungsu aesthetics are fell into two categories; the spatial frame based on Pungsu topography and the dimension of enjoyment through visual angles between essential points. The former can be said as Pungsu topography as a mental image which was constructed by selected points and given Pungsu meanings; the latter is visual angles between those points by which make it possible to see and enjoy in comfortable sights. In such way making and enjoying Buyong-dong garden with full of Pungsu oriented meanings and aesthetics, Kosan Yoon Sun-Do enjoyed and sublimated his experience in nature into art.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.27-36
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• 2015

Purpose: Of late, the focus of service design is moving toward emphasizing customer satisfaction and taking users' experience more seriously. In addition to the change in perspective in service design, scholars in this area are paying more attention to service design methodology and process, as well as its theory and real-world case studies. In the case of medical space, there have been few studies in attempting to apply service design methods useful for deriving user-focused results. The author of this paper believes, however, case study-oriented approaches are more needed in this area rather than ones focusing on theoretical aspects. The author hopes thereby to expand the horizon to practical application of spatial design beyond service design methodology. Methods: In order to incorporate the strengths of service design methodology that can reflect a variety of user opinions, this study will introduce diverse tools in the framework of double diamond process. In addition, it will present field cases that successfully brought about best results in medical space design. It will end with summarizing the ideal process of medical space design which is reasonable and comprehensive. Results: Medical service encompasses preventive medicine as well as treatment of existing medical conditions. A study in establishing the platform of medical service design consists of a wide range of trend research, followed by the summary of two-matrix design classification based on results of the trend research. The draft of design process is divided into five stages composed of basic tools for establishing spatial flow lines created by matching service design tools with each stage of space design processes. In all this, most important elements to consider are communication and empathy. When service design is actually applied to space design, one can see that output has reflected the users' needs very well. The service design process for user-oriented medical space can thus be established by interactions on the final outcome and feedback on the results. Implications: One can see that the service design with the hospital at its center produces the result that encompasses the user's needs best. If the user-focused service design process for medical space can be extended to other space designs, the author believes that it would enhance the level of satisfaction for users and minimize trials and errors.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.31 no.5_6
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• pp.268-278
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• 2004

In this paper, we describe our experience in the design and implementation of the SMART file system to handle multimedia workload. Our work has three design objectives: (ⅰ) efficient support for sequential workload, (ⅱ) avoiding disk fragmentation, (ⅲ) logical unit based file access. To achieve these three objectives, we develop a file system where a file consists of linked list of Data Unit Group. Instead of tree like structure of the legacy Unix file system, we use single level file structure. Our file system can also access the file based upon the logical unit which can be video frame or audio samples. Data Unit Group is a group of logical data units which is allocated continuous disk blocks. At the beginning of each Data Unit Group, there exists an index array. Each index points to the beginning of logical data units, e.g. frames in the Data Unit Group. This index array enables the random access and sequencial access of semantic data units. SMART file system is elaborately tailored to effectively support multimedia workload. We perform physical experiments and compare the performance of SMART file system with EXT2 file system and SGI XFS file system. In this experiment, SMART file system exhibits superior performance under streaming workload.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.35-44
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• 2019

Purpose - This study focuses on the continuance intention of O2O fresh agricultural products e-commerce. By literature review, this paper looks through the classical theories which are often applied to study use behavior and continuance intention on the electronic commerce area. Ultimately based on the expectancy theory, Technology acceptance model, success model as well as trust model, a model of the continuance intention of fresh products O2O electronic commerce application is established. Research design, data, and methodology - Among users Chinese consumers have been chosen who have use experience as the research objects. From October 2, 2018 to November 2, 2018, 685 questionnaires in total were collected by the online release and collection. Expect for the negative questionnaires, the remaining 650 pieces of data are statistically analyzed. The collected data were firstly be analyzed by SPSS Ver. 25 on its frequency, reliability and exploratory factors. Then AMOS Ver. 25 is applied to the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Discriminant Validity and hypothesis testing of the Structural Equation Modeling. Finally, the following research conclusions could be obtained from the hypothesis testing. Results - Firstly, in the extended IS model, quality factor for hypothesis testing, service quality, information quality and delivery quality have obviously present positive influences on satisfaction respectively. Secondly, in the hypothesis testing part of ECM-ISC model and UTAUT model, all hypotheses have presented accepted results. Especially from expectation confirmation to usefulness perception, the influence factor achieves 12.603, In the hypothesis of continuance intention, the influence factor of social influence on continuance intention is 7.748 and also it is the most remarkable one. Conclusions - The results show that the service quality of O2O fresh agricultural products e-commerce has the greatest impact on satisfaction, while the perceived usefulness of consumers has the most significant impact on O2O fresh agricultural products for sustainable use intention. This thesis makes up for the blank of O2O fresh food e-commerce for sustainable use intentions, and provides a theoretical basis for consumers' sustainable use behavior, and practical enlightenment for the sustainable development of O2O fresh agricultural products e-commerce.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a simulation-based High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy training program based on NLN/ISF to identify the effect on knowledge, clinical performance, and educational satisfaction compared to a group who had traditional High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy training after applying it to clinical nurses. Methods: 31 experimental groups and 33 control groups were conducted from August 2019 to September 2019 for inexperienced nurses over 4 months to 5 years with no experience using high-flow oxygen therapy. Educational programs were developed in scenarios according to Airvo2 and Optiflow, such as facilitator, participant, educational condition, design, characteristics, and educational outcomes. The education application was conducted in advanced for knowledge and clinical performance ability after watching therapy video. Since then, a total of 90 minutes have been conducted for respiratory failure theory training, airvo2 and optiflow simulation training, and debriefing. After applying the education, the medical institution measured nurses' knowledge, clinical performance, and education satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Results: Both knowledge and educational satisfaction were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t=-14.09, p<.001), (t=-12.99, p<.001). The clinical performance for both use of Optiflow and Airvo2 were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t=-11.39, p<.001), (t=-11.38, p<.001). Conclusion: Results showed that the simulation-based High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy training was effective with the experimental group having increased scores for every area of this study.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop a dental communication course in dental hygiene schools that included theory, practice, and skill for effective dental communication. Thirty-six senior dental hygiene students in a dental hygiene school took a dental communication course and responded to a questionnaire. The instrument used in the study was a modified form of Kim's communication skill self-assessment sheet. The self-assessment questionnaire about communication competencies was administered before and after the class, and the difference between scores at each time point was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. Among seven elements of dental communication competencies, the competency of "information gathering" was significantly improved (p=0.008). Students' scores on perception of the importance (p=0.019) and necessity (0.016) of a communication course significantly increased after the course. Competencies in communication are essential requirement for dental hygienists. This study showed the possibility of communication skill training. An objective evaluation tool regarding students' communication competencies should be developed. Further studies with larger samples size are needed to develop a standardized comprehensive communication course in dental hygiene schools.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.137
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• pp.131-149
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• 2016

The main purpose of this paper is to inquire into Johnson's defence of naturalistic ethics, and show how it could escape the intractable conundrum that has bothered moral philosophy ever since the early 20th century. Johnson shares the deconstructivist stance in claiming that moral theories are largely metaphorical constructs, and thus their claim to absoluteness is ungrounded. However, Johnson breaks with deconstructivist philosophers by offering a need for a constructive inquiry into "moral understanding." Then, Johnson's recent discussions are more concerned with moral fundamentalism in which he argues, is not only cognitively incorrect but immoral. It is incorrect in that it relies on the false assumptions on human cognition, and is immoral in that it shuts off any moral discussions. Instead, Johnson sees moral experience as a matter of moral deliberation in which we attempt "dramatic rehearsals" in Dewey's terms. Johnson's constructive offer in moral philosophy reminds us of "the size of moral theory," which fits human moral understanding as an embodied being, and this presents a third constructive way over the dichotomous conundrum of moral philosophy between traditional absolutism and nihilistic deconstructivism.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.33
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• pp.45-82
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• 2016

Class, the fundamental unit of school education and the meeting place of teacher and students, plays an important role in study of the subject matter of education. Class criticism is material to the theory or method that helps researchers deeply understand and analyze class phenomena or teachers' actions during a class. In this study, I make a critique on the features of a classic novel class as attempt to expand on new prospects in the field of research on classical literature education. The classic novel class in this class criticism is typical one, which reads the work analytically. Nevertheless, the teacher turns the students' vague repulsion into empathy and helps them appreciate and internalize the work. Students' empathy and response are reflected in the interpreting-centered class because the teacher's insights about the work and experience, knowledge, and method of literature education are projected during the class. Especially, a situation in which the teacher spends a relatively long time narrating the background of the work clearly shows the value and meaning disseminated in a classic novel class. Based on the aforementioned, attempts to collect a variety of cases of a classic novel class and to understand the meaning of these cases have to be part of future research. The research on the attributes of a class such as criticism of classic novels enables us to renew introspection to discover classical literature education.