• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.987-993
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of the study is to offer basic data that help to reduce dental fear by measuring adult dental fear level with DFS scale. Methods : The subjects were 300 persons including college students in W University and their parents in Jeollabuk-do Province. Data were collected by convenience sampling from May 1 to May 30, 2013. Results : 1. Dental clinic visit provoked pain in 99 people(47.4%). Oral examination and preventive treatment evoked pain in 13 people(6.2%). 2. Women tended to feel much pain than men. Both women and men felt the thrilling fear when a needle pricks the flesh. 3. Respondents having dental caries, gum bleeding, halitosis, shaking tooth, and painful tooth had a higher dental fear level. 4. The direct pain experience(p<0.001) had the greatest influence. The next influencing factor was the insufficient anesthesia(p<0.05). 5. The explanatory power that the pain experience has influence upon dental fear is $R^2$=0.151. Conclusions : The direct pain experience and the insufficient anesthesia experience have the great influence upon patients' dental fear level. Anesthetics and analgesics can be considered as one of the positive methods for pain control.

• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine about dental hygienists' myofascial pain syndrome, lower back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), medial and lateral epicondylitis, hand-arm vibration syndrom and work-related musculoskeletal syndrome (WMSD) experience and hygienists' posture, motion. Methods: The self-administered questionnaire was surveyed from June 1 to September 30 of 2018 targeting 280 dental hygienists in Gyeongnam province and 266 dental hygienists' answers were analyzed. Results: The average daily working hours of a dental hygienist was more than eight hours 59.0%, with an average of 33 patients per day. The average number of patients who receive treatment for more than 30 minutes is 15. The angle of motion of the subjective evaluation was above 60%. Medical position and form of movement were more than 50% above the standard level. Symptoms of posture and motion that cause WMSD were hand-arm vibration syndrome 68.1%, myofascial pain syndrome 58.6%, lower back pain 51.1%, CTS 50.4% in order. Experience WMSD related symptoms which dental hygienists experience were myofascial pain syndrome 92.9%, CTS 57.9%, lower back pain 56.4%, medial and lateral epicondylitis 37.2%, hand-arm vibration syndrome 24.4%. Conclusion: The above results showed the posture and motion of dental hygienists and were found that the experience rate which dental hygienists experience WMSD of myofascial pain syndrome, Lower back pain, and CTS was significantly more than 56%.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.523-532
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of factors analyes the associated by the dental treatment fear of level dental hygiene and non-dental hygiene students, and then to provide basic material which can help to improveoral health and effective dental treatment. Methods : The subject in this study were 275 students in Jeolla region. The data were collected from March through April 2010, by way of the self-reported questionnaire. Results : 1. Subjects, who correspond to 'high fear level' which is more than 60 points in the scale of Dental Fear Survey, were indicated to be larger in collegians of general-related departments(38.9%) than collegians of health-related department(36.3%).2. Among three detailed factors, the treatment-stimulator response factor showed the higher fear sense than other 2 factors. In the physiological response, 'muscular tension' was 2.72 points, there by having been indicated to be the highest.3. The more belonging to the group with high fear was indicated to lead to the more in direct pain experience, in non-anesthesia pain experience, and in indirect pain experience through brothers and sisters. Even the symptom and syndrome in oral disease were indicated to be much. 4. As a result of comparing difference in dental fear level depending on pain experience, it was indicated that the more belonging to the group with high fear leads to the more in direct pain experience, in non-anesthesia pain experience, and in indirect pain experience through brothers and sisters. Conclusions : Dental fear must be controlled carefully in order to promote oral health and effective dental treatment.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.535-551
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was conducted to know dental service and fear after research on reliability on dentists and satisfaction on dental hygienists. Methods: This study was conducted by the 325 persons who had the experience of visiting dental medical institution. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS 12.0 with T-test, ANOVA and correlation. The obtained results were as follows: Results: 1. Internal consistency of Dental Beliefs Survey(DBS) and dental hygienists satisfaction questionnaire factors were 0.758~0.908(Cronbach' alpha). And the Cronbach' alpha's coefficients of the all subscales were more than 0.6. So high reliability and validity were identified. 2. As result of analysing fear from general feature, the men feel more fear than women and more fear was felt in the case of having worse teeth status. Fear was higher in case of visiting to dental clinic than in case of visiting dental clinic for precaution. And that was statistically related. 3. Dental fear was higher in the case of having the past pain experience, insufficient anesthesia experience, experience of seeing other persons pain and this was statistically related(P<0.01)(P<0.05). 4. Average of reliability on dentists was 37.9, person who has high reliability was 81.8%, person who has low reliability was 18.2%, average of satisfaction on dental hygienists was 31.5%(Satisfaction on dental hygienists was 51.1% and dissatisfaction on dental hygienists was 48.9%). 5. Higher dentists reliability and satisfaction on dental hygienists has lower fear considering general feature and dental clinic use behavior but person who has the dental clinic to go regularly has higher dentists reliability and satisfaction on dental hygienists where, however, fear was not low. 6. As result of analyzing correlation between dental service and dental clinic use behavior, satisfaction on dental hygienists was negatively related to reliability on dentists and fear. And, reliability on dentists was positively related to fear, pain experience in dental clinic, incomplete anesthesia experience, near person pain experience(experience on seeing person in pain), which were statistically related(p<0.01). Conclusions: In relation to general features and reliability on dentists and satisfaction on dental hygienists caused by dental clinic use behavior, dental fear was decreased when reliability and satisfaction are higher. Group with low dental fear had higher reliability on dentists and satisfaction on dental hygienists than group with high dental fear but only reliability on dentists was statistically related(p<0.05).

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.141-151
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• 2012

In this study a survey was conducted of a total of 187 insurance sales workers from 10 branches of S Insurance Company located around Korea to gather information on causes of dental fear. Results revealed that the group who had experienced direct dental pain in the past showed higher fear levels than the group without such experience. With respect to indirect dental pain, the group with such experience showed higher fear levels in 'fear of dental appointments' and 'fear of antiseptic smells than the group without such experience. Concerning gender, higher fear levels were observed among females than among males. It was also found that the majority of the respondents seldom go for a regular dental check-up regardless of whether they had experienced direct or indirect pain during dental treatment. In addition, there was positive correlation among all the items in the Dental Fear Survey Scale at a significance level of 0.1%. Twenty of all the DFS items were found to be related to causes of dental fear, meaning that most of the elements involving the dentistry may contribute to the development of dental fear among dentally fearful people.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.461-476
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dental experience on the attitude of children toward the dentist and the dental treatment. The subjects of the study were 1,090 children from second grade to forth grade of three elementary schools of the Iksan city. The children were investigated by the questionnaire which consisted of seven items about the attitude toward the dentist, the attitude toward the dental treatment, the dental reatment experience, the number of times of dental treatment, the last time of the dental visit, pain of dental treatment, and fear of dental treatment. There were significant differences among the grades in the attitude toward the dental treatment and in the attitude toward the dentist (P<0.01). Second grade children had the most negative attitudes. But, there were no differences between boys and girls. Girls felt more pain and fear than boys (P<0.01). There were significant relationships between the pain and the attitude toward the dentist, between the pain and the attitude toward the dental treatment, between the fear and the attitude toward the dentist, and between the fear and the attitude toward the dental treatment (P<0.01, all). The number of dental visit had significant relationship with the attitude toward the dental treatment (P<0.05). There were significant relationships between the pain and the fear and between the attitude toward the dentist and the attitude toward the dental treatment.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.585-593
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study were to measure the effect of factors analyse the associated by the dental treatment fear of level middle school student's, and then to provide basic material which can help to improve adolescent's oral health and dental service. Methods : This subject of study consists of 342 middle schools each 1,2,3 grade Daegu city. The data were collected from July through August 2009, by way of the self-reported questionnaire. The data materials are analyzed by general characteristics and dental service behavior frequency analysis, dental fear of levels general characteristics, dental service behavior, the burden of dental visits, the pain experience of the past ${\chi}^2$-test and dental treatment fear relationship with multiple regression analysis. Results : General characteristics, 56.7% for boys and girls, with 43.3 percent of boys and girls high. dental service behavior in the dental visited was treatment purpose 76.5%, preventive purpose 23.5%. high-level dental treatment fear of the female 60.8%, male 33.0% was higher, The higher age also increased dental fear of the levels, dental services dental visit in 1-2 year the dental fear level of the higher, was statistically significant (p<0.05). Medical purpose 'preventive' than 'treatment' is a higher dental fear. Factors affecting dental treatment fear experiences directly from your pain (${\beta}$=0.116), inadequate anesthesia, treatment experience (${\beta}$=0.126), indirect painful experience (${\beta}$=0.125) in both a statistically significant positive relationship was found (p<0.05). Conclusions : Finally, it is necessary carry out further studies on the improvement of dental service of oral health of adolescent based on the dental treatment fear.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.329-340
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• 2024

Dental treatment is challenging for children experiencing pain and anxiety. Effective administration of local anesthesia (LA) is crucial for most pediatric dentistry treatments. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy has emerged primarily to manage post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and a wide variety of anxiety- and pain-related conditions. However, the use of this therapy to manage pain in pediatric dentistry has not yet been reported. This study aimed to assess the trends in pain in pediatric dental patients with and without EMDR therapy during LA and extraction. The need for analgesic consumption within 24 h post extraction and the overall dental experience were also evaluated. Methods: Sixty children aged 8-12 years participated in a randomized controlled clinical trial with the goal of extracting the primary mandibular first or second molar on the right or left side and were stratified into: group I: EMDR therapy; group II: Tender Love and Care. Pain was measured at three different time intervals. An unpaired t-test was performed for intergroup comparison of continuous data, and the repeated measures ANOVA was applied for intergroup comparison between the groups. Results: Pain was significantly lower in group I (pain after topical LA gel application, P = 0.229; pain after LA administration, P = 0.036; pain after extraction, P < 0.001). The need for analgesic consumption was lower in this group (P = 0.072), and the overall dental experience was rated better (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Research has shown that EMDR therapy effectively reduces pain in children, making it a recommended practice for pediatric dentists trained in this technique.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 1999

Objectives : This study was to investigate the experience rate and factors related with Low Back Pain(LBP). Methods : Questionnaires were completed by 236 dental hygienists in Taegu city and Kyungpook province in June 23-27, 1999. The solicited information was used to estimate odds ration and $95\%$ confidence intervals for the LBP related factors association. Results : The experience rate of LBP was $78\%$. The experience rate of LBP was significantly associated with scaling posture(odds ratio=2.228)(p=0.0371) and stress with dentist(odds ratio=2.767) (p=0.0136). Conclusions : Data from this study support a statistically significant association between LBP and some factors found in other research to increase the relation with LBP. Study findings may have implications for targeting at dental hygienists for scaling posture education or intervention program.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2001

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of music on dental pain and anxiety during ultrasonic scaling. One hundred and twenty five patients visited dental unit of Soonchunhyang University Chunan hospital for scaling were enrolled during August 1999 and February 2000. The patients were allocated randomly into two groups. music (n = 61) and control groups (n = 65). The music group patients listened to self-selected music using an earphone during scaling. Standardized questionnaire were used to assess the subjective denial pain and anxiety before and after scaling in both groups. In music group, more information on music effect was collected. To evaluate changes of physical signs by scaling, blood pressure and pulse were checked by a wrist check oscillometric. The results were as follows: 1. No significant difference in dental pain and anxiety between before and after scaling was observed in music group. However, the music group patients were satisfied with music because of reduction of pain(93.5%) and anxiety(93.4%), 96.7% of music subjects wanted to listen to music in next scaling. 2. While no significant difference in systolic blood pressure before scaling between music and control groups, systolic blood pressure of control group during scaling was significantly higher than that of music group(P<0.05). 3. In multiple logistic regression. the odds ratio(OR) of pain was decreased with age and female patients had higher OR (1.7, p>0.05). Patients with previous scaling experience complained of more dental pain during scaling than patients without experience. Music was not a significant predictor of denial pain during scaling, controlling for possible confounders. 4. While age. music. and scaling experience were not related to dental anxiety during scaling, sex and dental hygiene index were significant predictors of dental anxiety in multiple logistic regression. 5. Both during and after scaling. mean blood pressure of music patients were significantly lower than control patients after controlling for age, sex, and BMI. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that although listening to music did not disappear the dental pain and anxiety. but reduced the intensity of pain and anxiety during scaling. Furthermore, our data imply thai music has a effect of reduction of increasing blood pressure by scaling.