• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2011

Almost all companies have paid much attention to the safety management ranging from maintenance to operation even at the stage of designing in order to prevent accidents, but fatal accidents continue to increase throughout the world. In particular, it is essential to systematically prevent such fatal accidents as fire, explosion or leakage of toxic gas at factories in order to not only protect the workers and neighbors but also prevent economic losses and environmental pollution. Though it is well known that accident probability is very low in NPP(Nuclear Power Plants), the reason why many researches are still being performed about the accidents is the results may be so severe. HRA is the main process to make preparation for possibility of human error in designing of the NPP. But those techniques have some problems and limitation as follows; the evaluation sensitivity of those techniques are out of date. And the evaluation of human error is not coupled with the design process. Additionally, the scope of the human error which has to be included in reliability assessment should be expanded. This work focuses on the coincidence of human error and mechanical failure for some important performance shaping factors to propose a method for improving safety effectively of the process industries. In order to apply in these purposes into the thesis, I found 63 critical Performance Shaping Factors of the eight dimensions throughout studies that I executed earlier. In this study, various analysis of opinion of specialists(Personal Factors, Training, Knowledge or Experience, Procedures and Documentation, Information, Communications, HMI, Workplace Design, Quality of Environment, Team Factors) and the guideline for construction of PSF were accomplished. The selected method was AHP which simplifies objective conclusions by maintaining consistency. This research focused on the implementation process of PSF to evaluate the process of PSF at each phase. As a result, we propose an evaluation model of PSF as a tool to find critical problem at each phase and improve on how to resolve the problems found at each phase. This evaluation model makes it possible to extraction of PSF succesfully by presenting the basis of assessment which will be used by enterprises to minimize the trial and error of construction process of PSF.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.15-26
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• 2009

Objectives: This paper is intended to illustrate and to discuss the organization and functioning of community resident groups (CRGs) in a community-based participatory health promotion program for healthy aging. Methods: CRGs were convened in 12 government-subsidized apartment communities for low-income seniors in Pennsylvania, U.S.A., to promote healthy aging. Researchers facilitated CRG meetings following a 6-step process of community empowerment and utilizing a social ecological model for assessment and planning. Almost 200 project-related documents were qualitatively analyzed using matrix analysis principles such as cross-classification of multiple dimensions to identify patterns in the data and matrix building for displaying such patterns. Results: CRGs were venues at which apartment building residents could interact, discuss health priorities, and become change agents in their building. CRG members' community health priorities were about their daily living, including building conditions, poor access to fresh food, and unhealthy resident relations. Specific patterns arose in analysis indicating that leadership withing the CRGs, consistency of meetings and participants' attendance, and ability to link health concerns to daily experience impacted the CRGs' capability to identify and accomplish their goals. Conclusion: Community health issues and solutions to those issues identified by CRGs were unique to community contexts and interests. Consistent participation by community members, a consistent pattern of group activities such as monthly meetings, and having established leadership to manage CRG activities were prominent characteristics of community group functioning.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.27-39
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine how sex workers perceive the current STD examination service and how the perceptions are related with sex workers' intention to use the service. Methods: The data for this study came from a survey among sex workers who had an experience of using STD examination service provided by local public health centers. Sex workers' perceptions to STD examination service and their intention to use the service were measured with multiple items adapted from the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ) developed by Ware and his colleagues. Results: Most sex workers are satisfied with the current STD examination service provided by local public health centers and they have a strong intention to use the service. In predicting general satisfaction and intention to use STD examination service, few socioeconomic variables play a significant role. Among specific dimensions of STD test service, technical quality and accessibility of the service affect both general satisfaction and intention to use the service in a positive direction. The most important determinant of sex workers' intention to use STD examination service is their general satisfaction with the service. Conclusion: With the existing laws that still officially justify STD examination programs, the demand and need for STD examination service by sex workers further the current STD examination programs. Health authorities which aim at health maintenance, health promotion and health protection for the people, thus, need to continue their STD control programs actively and effectively regardless of the Special Law on Sex Trade.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.236-247
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• 2013

This study examines the impact of school violence on South Korean students' psychological well-being. The research is designed to analyze how different types of experiences of school violence-victim, perpetrator, victim-perpetrator, and non-involvement-influence students' suicidal impulse and sense of happiness. Empirical data was gained from a national-scale survey conducted by Social Development Research Institute at Yonsei University in 2013, and was analyzed using binary logistic and multiple regression methods. Findings suggest that any types of experiences of school violence had significant effect on suicidal impulse. In particular, the likelihood of victim-perpetrator to experience suicidal impulse was 7.1 times stronger than non-involvement. However, the effect of experiences of school violence on students' sense of happiness was insignificant. While the impact of school violence on sense of happiness among victims and victim-perpetrators was significant, its impact among perpetrators proved insignificant. Rather, stress factor-in particular, stress from peers-had more significant impact on the level of students' happiness. This study contributes to understanding the multiple effect of school violence by examining both negative and positive dimensions of psychological well-being.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.63
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• pp.83-113
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• 2016

This paper is focused on objective and meaning of its compilation through reviewing system, composition, method of description, and content of "Jwagyebudam". "Jwagyebudam" has all round form of a history and character book by recording via arranging figures from the end of 16th century to the middle of 18th century in a chronological order. Figure were not only assigned at close range by steretyping people into groups to a degree in it, but also recorded in a chronological order. In view of method of description, "Jwagyebudam" concentrated a theme by recording via separating different people associated from a figure and content of the same event by using the same method like 'Hogeonbeom(互見法)' shown in "Sagiyeoljeon(史記列傳)". In addition, it obtained effect to objectify evaluation of figures included. In a method of embodying figures, it has described concretely and in a three dimensions figures by recording anecdotes and poems associated with them via focusing on lifelong characteristic aspect of corresponding figures. In other words, "Jwagyebudam" can be called by biographies or character books, writings specialized in characters center among writings of method to weave freely experience. In a broad sense, it can be called a writing to cover a function of history book, poem and picture. This was located to a starting point of variation of inclusive and descriptive method. Namely, several kinds of writings in late Joseon dynasty can show aspect to fulfill specialized aspect gradually.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.25
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• pp.453-482
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• 2011

Until now and in the studying of fantastic literature, there has been likely to regard the character as secondary element, compared to their actions. However, it has to be recognized that the characters is a barometer to divide the boundary among the marvellous literature, or fantasy, magic realism, etc., in particular it is an important narrative element to understand an epistemological vision of fantastic literature. This thesis analyzes the characters, focusing on two dimensions divided such as between protagonist/antagonist and protagonist narrator/editor narrator. The characters in fantastic literature are usually set-up as people like ourselves, because it is necessary for the readers to consider the supernatural phenomenon as real world situation. The reason why many characters in fantastic literature usually meet a tragic end is that the structure of fantastic literature embedded unresolved supernatural confusion into ordinary order in the end, while antagonists are viewed as holders of extraordinariness and they are far from vero-similarity. Together with usual characters who represent the world of logic and reason, antagonists who seek to understand more about the universe totally and thus regarded as symbols of intuition and imagination and ultimately are the elements of fantastic literature. On the other hand, the "first person narrator" is divided between "protagonist narrator" who narrates the supernatural things through his/her own experience to readers and "editor narrator" who narrates the other's experiences. Particularly in the case of "editor narrator", he/she may narrates the stories with different explication and angle, which lead to hesitation and confusion for readers to identify between reality and unreality or natural logic and supernatural one. Even though there are various categories in fantastic literature, this thesis exclude 'neo fantastic', 'metaphysical fantastic' ones, characterized as a possibility of convergence with the secondary interpretation and symbolic implication. Beyond these materials, the literatures which involved with this thesis and analysis are normally related with traditional fantastic literary works which supernatural events intervene in real world and bring out collision between real and unreal, or natural and supernatural logics. Based on this criteria, this thesis chooses literary works such as "De los Reyes Futuros", "El Perjurio de la Nieve" written by Adolfo Bioy Casares who is a representative author in Latin American fantastic literature.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.56
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• pp.169-196
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• 2017

Korean unwed mothers and their families often experience discriminatory and unfair treatment in their everyday lives. However, there has been little research examining discrimination against unwed mothers and its effects on these women's lives. Therefore, further studies are needed to identify and assess types and degree of discrimination against unwed mothers. This study aims to investigate and develop a reliable and valid measurement scale of experiences of discrimination for Korean unwed mothers. For developing the scale, the researchers constructed a concept and sub factors, and the pre-scale of 75 items of discrimination experiences of unwed mothers by conducting a literature review and focus groups interviews, Validity and reliability of the scale were tested by carrying out an item quality analysis, a exploratory factor analysis, a correlation analysis, a criterion validity test and a reliability analysis, The scale of 21 items was constructed with three dimensions. This study is significant that it provides the scale of discrimination for Korea unwed mothers with high reliability and validity to identify and verify types and degree of discrimination experiences of unwed mothers.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.94-118
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the multi-faceted understanding and issues of science subject matter competencies from the trends of competency-based curriculum discourse, and to examine the relationship between general core competencies and science subject matter competencies. First, we examined the theoretical background of competency-based curriculum focusing on behaviorism, humanism, and its comprehensive synthesis. After that, we reviewed OECD's competency-related projects (DeSeCo; OECD Education 2030), US Next-Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and Korea's 2015 Revised National Curriculum from the viewpoint of competency-based curriculum. After that, we summarized and systematically analyzed a list of competencies, 105 general core competencies and 45 science subject matter competencies proposed by 15 important documents from home and abroad. The results of this study are as follows: First, the issues of the proper number, appropriate dimension, and how individual competencies should be unique and independent were pointed, in terms of defining and categorizing competencies. Second, it was suggested that the competency items are presented in various dimensions such as personal-micro dimension, community meso-dimension, and social-macro dimension. Meso-dimension was placed on both general core competencies and subject matter competencies. Third, in the relationship between general core competencies and subject matter competencies, the former emphasizes macro-dimension, and the latter emphasizes micro-dimension, revealing an existing gap, and where the two can meet each other is the meso-dimension. These discussions are thought to provide insight into the understanding of competencies in the national curriculum, including the 2015 Revised National Curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.50-57
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• 2021

Objectives Clozapine is the most effective atypical antipsychotic agent for the treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), however, only 40%-70% of TRS patients respond to clozapine. Moreover, TRS encompasses various symptom dimensions. Therefore, augmentation with other medications for clozapine is frequently applied. However, the prescription pattern of clozapine and combined medications in Korea is yet to be examined. This study aims to investigate the maintenance treatment pattern of clozapine and augmentation agents in one Korean tertiary hospital. Methods The patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders under clozapine maintenance, defined as one-year clozapine continuation, were subjected for analysis. Medication data at one-year time-point after clozapine initiation was extracted and analyzed. Results Among total 2897 patients having clozapine prescription experience from January 2000 to December 2018, 1011 patients were on clozapine maintenance. The mean age of clozapine initiation was 30.2 ± 11.3 years, and the maintenance dose of clozapine was 217.8 ± 124.3 mg/day. Combination rate of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants were 43.5%, 25.3%, 38.6%, respectively. Most frequently prescribed drugs in each category were aripiprazole, valproate, and sertraline. Olanzapine equivalent dose of combined antipsychotics was 10.4 ± 7.7 mg/day. Male patients were prescribed higher dose of combined antipsychotics and higher rate of antidepressants. Female patients had later onset of clozapine prescription. Patients with two or more combined antipsychotics were prescribed higher dose of clozapine and higher rate of antidepressants compared to patients with one combined antipsychotic. Conclusions Taken together, among the patients taking clozapine, a substantial rate of patients were under polypharmacy. The present findings based on the real-world prescription pattern could provide the valuable clinical information on the treatment of TRS-related conditions.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.49-70
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• 2021

The purpose of the study was to examine Korean high school students' experience and perceptions of friendship and to inductively conceptualize friendship. The concept mapping method which is used to quantitatively analyze qualitative data was used to identify and visualize participants' experiences and perceptions of friendship. Through a brainstorming process, 93 statements were generated by boys and 100 statements were generated by girls, each set of which were sorted and categorized to generate concept maps. The final concept maps from both group equally had two dimensions: 'Practical-Conceptual' and 'Behavioral-Emotional'. The number of categories was equal to four, but there were some differences in the specifics of the statements in the category. Boys tended to conceptualize friendship as a source of happiness; a type of informal relationship through which they could share their everyday lives; and provide mutual care and engage in emotional bonding. In addition to those conceptualizations, girls also tended to conceptualize friendship as an affective alliance through which they displayed devotion to each other. Boys regarded the sympathy and bonding found in and the happiness produced by friendship as more important elements, whereas girls regarded the care and support found in and the informal nature of friendship as more important