• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1837-1843
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• 1997

This study experimentally demonstrates the use of active muffler attached to the automotive exhaust system to reduce exhaust noise. For improving the signal to noise ratio in the process of estimation of secondary path transfer functions, the on-line algorithm that conventional inverse modeling is combined with adaptive line enhancer is used as the control algorithm. Active muffler is designed that the primary noise and the control sound are propagated as a plane wave in the outlet. Therefore, the error microphone could be placed out of the tail pipe center of a high temperature and the radiation noise to the outside could be reduced in the whole area around the outlet. The control experiment for reducing exhaust noise with active muffler is implemented during run-up at no load. From the experimental results presented, compared with the conventional off-line method, the proposed on-line method is capable to acquire a reduction of exhaust noise above 5 dB in overall sound power level.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제29권
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• pp.9.1-9.3
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• 2014

Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contain elemental carbon, organic compounds including Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), metals, and other trace compounds. Diesel exhaust is complex mixture of thousands of chemicals. Over forty air contaminants are recognized as toxicants, such as carcinogens. Most diesel exhaust particles have aerodynamic diameters falling within a range of 0.1 to $0.25{\mu}m$. DEP was classified as a definite human carcinogen (group 1) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer at 2012 based on recently sufficient epidemiological evidence for lung cancer. Significant decreases in DEP and other diesel exhaust constituents will not be evident immediately, and outworn diesel car having longer mileage still threatens health of people in spite of recent remarkable development in diesel engine technology. Policy change in South Korea, such as introduction of diesel taxi, may raise health risk of air pollution in metropolitan area with these limitations of diesel engine. To protect people against DEP in South Korea, progressive strategies are needed, including disallowance of diesel taxi, more strict regulation of diesel engine emission, obligatory diesel particulate filter attachment in outworn diesel car, and close monitoring about health effects of DEP.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2014

Exhaust heat recovery ventilation systems conserve energy through enthalpy recovery between air intake and exhaust, and they are being increasingly used. An exhaust heat recovery ventilation system can be installed in the ceiling of a balcony or emergency evacuation space. However, in the case of fire, the emergency evacuation space has to by law remain as empty space, and therefore, a ventilation system can't be installed in an emergency evacuation space. Therefore, the need for a proper installation space for a ventilation system is emphasized. In this study, to install a heat recovery ventilation system in a lightweight wall, a heat exchanger was assembled of thickness below 140 mm. The efficiency of heat recovery was analyzed through performance experiment, in the case of the cooling and heating mode. The heat recovery efficiency increases when the surface area is increased, by using closer channel spacing in the heat exchanger, or by increasing the size of the heat exchanger.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.445-451
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• 2005

Most of the pollutants from passenger cars are emitted during the cold-transient phase of the FTP-75 test. In order to reduce the exhaust emissions during the cold-transient period, it is essential to warm up the catalyst as fast as possible after the engine starts, and the Unburned Exhaust Gas Ignition (UEGI) technology was developed through our previous studies to help close-coupled catalytic converters (CCC) reach the light-off temperature within a few seconds after cold-start. The UEGI system operates by igniting the unburned exhaust mixture by glow plugs installed upstream of the catalyst. The flame generates a high amount of heat, and if the heat is concentrated on a specific area of monolith surface, then thermal crack or failure of the monolith could occur. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the temperature distribution in the CCC during the UEGI operation, so the local temperatures in the monolith were measured using thermocouples. Experimental results showed that the temperature of CCC rises faster with the UEGI technology, and the CCC reaches the light-off temperature earlier than the baseline case. Under the conditions tested, the light-off time of the baseline case was 62 seconds, compared with 33 seconds for the UEGI case. The peak temperature is well under the thermal melting condition, and temperature distribution is not so severe as to consider thermal stress. It is noted that the UEGI technology is an effective method to warm up the catalyst with a small amount of thermal stress during the cold start period.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2019

횡류식 환기 시스템이 설치된 터널에서 급, 배기구 포트 개구면적의 최적화는 외부로부터 터널 내에 급기되는 신선공기의 분배를 균일하게 하고 터널 내 오염물질을 효율적으로 배출하여 터널 이용자에게 안전하고 쾌적한 터널 환경을 제공하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위하여 횡류 환기방식이 적용된 대심도 복층터널 내부에 균일한 급기 또는 배기풍량을 얻기 위해서 급, 배기구 포트 면적계산 및 최적화하기 위한 프로그램이 개발되었다. 개발된 포트 면적 계산 및 최적화 프로그램의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 현재 운영 중인 반횡류 환기방식을 적용하고 있는 터널의 덕트 내 풍속을 측정하였다. 또한 동일한 터널에 대한 3차원 수치해석을 수행하였고 CFD 결과를 측정된 값과 비교하였다. 분석결과, 프로그램이 예측한 값과 현장측정결과의 오차율은 약 6.72%를 보이고 있으며, 3차원 수치해석 결과와의 오차율은 약 4.86%로 나타났다. 두 결과 모두 10% 이내의 오차율을 보이고 있으므로, 이 포트 개구면적 최적화 프로그램을 사용해서 횡류식 터널의 급기 및 배기 포트의 최적화 설계가 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2014

엔진 배기 저감이나 열효율 향상을 위하여 배기관에 많은 장치들이 부착되고 있다. 이러한 장치들은 배기구의 개도면적을 줄이게 되고 배기 압력을 증가시킨다. 배기압력의 증가는 원활한 가스 교환을 방해하여 엔진 성능이 저하되는 원인이 된다. 그러나 적당한 배압의 증가는 잔류가스의 효과에 의하여 질소산화물을 감소시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 배기 압력 증가가 엔진 성능에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 배기관 끝단의 개도량을 변화시켜 배기 압력을 조절하면서 엔진 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 무부하에서 배압이 미소하게 증가된 경우에 연료 소모율이 저감되고 동시에 질소산화물이 저감되었지만 과도하게 배압이 증가하는 경우에는 연소의 악화로 유해 배기가스가 크게 증가되었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 1984

While most of researches on the performance of high temperature grain dryer have dealt mainly with improving dryer capacity and drying speed during the last twenty years, energy efficiency, in fact, has not been emphasized. Current fuel supplies and energy cost have shifted the emphasis to reducing the energy consumption for grain drying while maintaining dryer capacity and grain quality. Since the energy input for drying is relatively large, the recovery and reuse of at least part of the exhaust energy can significantly reduce the total energy consumption in existing drying systems. Unilization of exhaust heat in grain dryer either through direct recycling or by a thermal coupling in heat exchanger have been subject of a number of investigators. However, very seldom research in Korea has been done in this area. Three drying tests(non-recycling, 0.22 recycle ratio, and 0.76 recycle ratio)were performed to investigate the thermal efficiency and heat loss factors of continuous flow type dryer, and to analyze the effect of recycle ratio (weight of exhaust air recycled/total weight of input air) on the energy requriements for rough rice drying. The test results showed that when the exhaust air was not recycled, the energy lost from furnace was 15.3 percent of input fuel energy, and latent and sensible heat of exhaust air were 61.4 percent and 11.2 percent respectively. The heat which was required in raising grain temperature and stored in dryer was relatively small. As the recycle ratio of exhaust air was increased, the drying rate was suddenly decreased, and thermal efficiency of the kerosene burner was also decreased. Drying test with 0.76 recycle ratio resulted in 12.4% increase in fuel consumption, and 38.4% increase in electric power consumption as compared to the non-recycled drying test. Drying test of 0.22 recycle ratio resulted in 6.8% saving in total energy consumption, 8.0% reduction in fuel consumption, and 2.5% increase in electric power consumption as compared to the non-recycled drying test.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.229-230
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• 2002

Diesel exhaust particles are mostly sub-micrometer agglomerates composed of carbonaceous primary particles ranging from 10 to 80nm, but contain also adsorbed or condensed hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon derivatives, sulfur compounds, and other materials. If particles are primarily composed of volatile materials, they have different health impacts from solid particles. Thus, the analysis of the volatility of diesel particles is one of an important diesel research area. (omitted)

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.877-878
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• 2010

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.897-905
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• 2008

Selective catalytic reduction(SCR) is known as one of promising methods for reducing $NO_x$ emissions in diesel exhaust gases. $NO_x$ emissions react with ammonia in the catalyst surface of SCR system at working temperature of catalyst. In this study, to raise the reacting temperature when the exhaust gas temperature is too low, a heater is located at the bottom of SCR reactor. At an ambient temperature, ammonia is radially injected perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow at inlet pipe and uniformly mixed in the mixing area after being impinged against the wall. To predict the turbulent model inside the mixing area of SCR system, the standard ${\kappa}\;-\;{\varepsilon}$ model is applied. This work investigates numerically the effects of induced heat on the gaseous flow. The results show that the Taylor-$G{\ddot{o}}rtler$ type vortex is generated after the gaseous flow impinges the wall in which these vortices influence the temperature distribution. The addition of heat disturbs the flow structure in bottom area and then stretching flow occurs. Vorticity strand is also formed when heat is continuously increased. Constriction process takes place, however, when a further heat input over a critical temperature is increased and finally forms shed vortex which is disconnected from the vorticity strand. The strong vortex restricts the heat transport in the gaseous flow.