• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze the effects of task exercise on an unstable surface on the involuntary arm and leg movement and balance in stroke patients. METHODS: 20 stroke patients were clinically sampled and randomly assigned to two groups of 10 patients each. Experimental group I received task exercise intervention on an unstable surface and experimental group II received task exercise intervention. The interventions were carried out 3 times a week for 4 weeks (30 minutes per session). The global synkinesis (GS) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) of the patients were evaluated as pre-tests prior to intervention, and then the post-tests were re-measured in the same manner as the pre-tests after a 4-week intervention period. RESULTS: In the experimental group I, there were statistically significant differences in the changes in the arm and leg GS (p < .01) and in the BBS (p < .05). On the other hand, in the experimental group II, there were statistically significant differences in the changes only in the arm GS (p < .01) and in the BBS (p < .05). Also, in the comparison of the changes between the two groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the changes in the leg GS only (p < .05). CONCLUSION: In the experimental group I, the arm and leg GS were statistically significantly reduced, but the balance ability was statistically significantly improved. The reason was that in the experimental group I, similar movements of the paralyzed arm were promoted due to the double-task exercise on the unstable surface, and sensory feedback and posture strategies were well utilized in the legs, which was found to be effective in reducing the GS and improving the balance ability. Therefore, based on these results, the double-task exercise on an unstable surface should be fully utilized for the rapid rehabilitation of stroke patients.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2022

Purposed: This study was conducted to find out by ultrasonic waves the thickness change of the deep abdominal muscles, such as transverse abdominal, internal oblique and external oblique when performing general bridge exercise on the stable surface (GBE), single-legged bridge exercise on the stable surface (BES), bridge exercise with a sling (SBE) and single-legged bridge exercise with a sling (SBS). Methods: The subject, 33 healthy adults(18 men and 15 women) in their 20s of V university in J city were subjected to take four postures of GBE, BES, SBE, and SBS. When performing each posture, the thickness of transverse abdominal, internal oblique and external oblique were measured by ultrasonic waves and analyzed by repeated measures of ANOVA. This significance level was set to be p<.05. Results: Muscle thickness was increased in the order of BES, SBE, and GBE in the external oblique, resulting in statistically significant differences(p<.001). The internal oblique was significantly thicker in SBE and SBS rather than in GBE, and was thicker in SBE and SBS rather than in BES (p<.01). The thickness of the transverse abdominal was significantly increased in SBS than in GBE (p<.01). Conclusion: As the result, it may be more effective for the trunk stabilization exercises to activate the internal oblique and transverse abdominal by applying both-legged or single-legged bridge exercise in slings.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 4주간 20대 성인에게 앉은자세와 누운자세에 따른 복식호흡운동을 적용하였을 때 호흡기능과 배근육의 근활성도를 비교하여 어떤 자세에서의 운동이 효과적인지 알아보고자 하였다. 기립자세에서는 호흡운동 후 일초량이 가장 큰 수치를 보였고 누운자세에서는 호흡운동 전 일초량과 1초간노력성날숨량이 가장 크게 나타났다. 두자세의 복식호흡운동 전후 일초량과 날숨량 분산분석결과 운동전일초량, 운동후일초량, 운동전1초간날숨량, 운동후1초간날숨량 모두 유의한 차이를 보이며, 두 자세에서 복식호흡 전후 차이를 알 수 있었다. 기립자세, 누운자세에서 운동전에는 왼쪽 복직근, 운동후에는 오른쪽 복직근이 가장 높은 근활성도를 보였다. 두 자세 운동의 반복측정한 분산분석 결과 운동 전과 후의 양쪽 복직근과 외복사근은 근활성도 모두 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>.05). 기립자세에서 운동 전과 후에 왼쪽 외복사근이 유의한 차이를 보였고(p<0.05), 운동전과 후 FEV1/FVC와 노력성 호기량이 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 운동 전과 후 왼쪽 외복사근이 누운자세에서 가장 높은 근활성도를 보였고 노력성 호기량은 가장 낮은 근활성도를 보였다. 운동 전과 후 호흡량 및 근활성도의 반복측정된 분산분석 결과에서 오른쪽 복직근에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 이를 통해 앉은 자세와 비스듬히 누운자세 두가지 자세에서 복식호흡 운동을 적용 하였을 때 호흡기능과 배근육의 근활성도 전,후를 비교하기 위해서는 두가지 자세에서의 운동 전,후 호흡과 근활성도 평가가 필요하고 평가에 따라서 어떤 자세에서의 운동이 더 효과적인지 알 수 있었다. 추후 연구에서는 좀 더 세분화되고 정확한 호흡기능과 근활성도를 알아보는 다양한 연령대의 사람들에게 장기간의 중재를 통해 파악하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.198-201
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• 2012

Purpose: We investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of water-based exercise (WE) program on respiratory functions for children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Fourteen children with spastic diplegic CP were randomly assigned, to either the experimental group (EG, n=7), or the control group (CG, n=7). Respiratory function was measured by a spirometer, a CardioTouch 3000S ( Bionet, Seoul, Korea) at a chair-sitting posture. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured. The intervention program will last 8 weeks, with three 40 minutes sessions per week (24 training session). The usual care and the addition of a WE program, were compared in the CG and EG, respectively. Results: The EG showed a significant increase in the FVC, FEV1, PEF after training (p<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in the CP after training. In the EG, FVC increased significantly, compared to the control group (p<0.05), but not FEV and PEF. Conclusion: These findings suggest that WE program have an effect on the respiratory function in children with spastic diplegic CP.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study was examined the effects of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) on the postural imbalance and gait in children. METHODS: Four children were sampled as subjects. A single subject study (A-B-A') was conducted by measuring the following: baseline five sessions;, intervention phase, 15 sessions;, and postline (A') five sessions. The research period was eight weeks. The CLT program consisted of warming-up exercise, main exercise, and finishing exercise, and it was performed for one hour per day. A oneleg standing test (OLST) was performed determine the static balance. A functional reach test (FRT) was performed determine the reactionary balance. To determine the dynamic balance, the time up and go test (TUG) was performed. A 10m walking test (10 MWT) was performed to determine the walking ability. A statistical test was performed through descriptive statistics to present the average and standard deviation, and the variation rate was compared using a visual analysis method with graphs. RESULTS: As a result of CLT application, all four subjects improved the OLST, FRT, TUG, and 10 MWT compared to the intervention period baseline, and postline period. CONCLUSION: CLT appeared to improve the posture imbalance and gait in children.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.425-432
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between foot pressure and upper arm PNF exercise conducted with elastic bands while standing. Methods: Eighteen asymptomatic patients consented to participate in the study. Foot pressure was measured in the standing position using the Gaitview system for proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (PNF) using a right upper arm pattern. Resistance strength was varied based on the type of elastic band used (red=medium, green=heavy, and blue=extra heavy). Statistical significance of the results was evaluated using a repeated one-way ANOVA, and the Bonferroni method was used for the ad hoc test (SPSS ver. 18. for Windows). Results: A significant difference was observed in fore-foot, rear-foot, and everage pressure after upper arm PNF exercise. However, there was no significant difference according to the type of elastic band. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, an upper arm PNF exercise with and without resistance may affect foot pressure in the standing position.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1823-1829
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• 2019

Background: Stroke patients have leg muscle weakness and impaired balance resulting in compensatory changes. To restore balance in these patients, functional training using postural strategy is needed. Objective: To examine the effects of ankle and hip strategy training on the center of pressure (COP) movement and limits of stability (LOS) in standing posture in stroke patients. Design: The study was an assessor-blinded and randomized-controlled clinical trial. Methods: Thirty patients were randomly assigned to an ankle strategy training group and a ankle/ hip strategy training group. Patients in the ankle strategy training group underwent ankle strategy exercise for 30 min, and those in the ankle/ hip strategy training group underwent 15 min of ankle strategy exercise and 15 min of hip strategy exercise. Both groups underwent training thrice a week for four weeks. Forward, backward, paretic side, and non-paretic side COP movements and LOS were measured using BioRescue. Results: After the intervention, except for the backward area in the ankle strategy training group, the COP movement area and the LOS were significantly improved in both the groups. In addition, these improvements were significantly higher in ankle/ hip strategy training group than that in the ankle strategy training group. Conclusions: Ankle strategy training in addition to hip strategy training improves COP movement (forward-backward, paretic side area, and non-paretic side area) and LOS in stroke patients.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the kinematical characteristics of somersault with twist in the Lou Yun and Akopian motions and to provide useful information to gymnastic athletes in men's vault. Method: The study subjects were 12 male adult top athletes. After 12 trials (7 Lou Yun and 5 Akopian trials) filmed by using two digital high-speed camcorders set at 90 frames/sec, kinematical data were collected through the direct linear transformation (DLT) method. The mean differences in biomechanical variables were compared during the second flight upward phase. The kinematic characteristics of somersault with twist in the Lou Yun and Akopian motions were identified. Results: In Lou Yun motion, the vertical release velocity through horse breaking was not difficult to obtain, so the athletes had enough time to prepare for the twist. Therefore, the Lou Yun motion has an advantage to make a cat twist in the pike posture. In the Akopian motion, obtaining the horizontal velocity through horse pushing was so easy that the Akopian athletes attained a large angular impulse and angular momentum. Therefore, the Akopian motion has an advantage to making a tilt twist in the body tilting posture. Conclusion: This study suggests that gymnastic athletes should control their body segment movements in order to increase the twisting angular velocity of the whole body, which requires regulation of the longitudinal moment of inertia of the body. Moreover, athletes should prepare for the shoulder and hip twists early in order to make the landing position in advance.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of neck patterns in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) for neck movement and the neck disability index (NDI) among adults with forward head posture. Methods: Thirty-nine subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. Subjects in the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise group (PNFG, n = 20) received 20 minutes of PNF neck pattern (flexion-Rt. lateral flexion-Rt. rotation followed by extension-Lt. lateral flexion-Lt. rotation) 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. Outcomes were measured using absolute rotation angle (ARA), anterior weight bearing (AWB), range of flexion and extension motions (RFEM), and neck disability index (NDI) methods before and after the 4-week intervention period. Results: There were significant effects for the PNFG, pre- and post-intervention, in ARA, AWB, RFEM, and NDI. There were significant differences in ARA, AWB, RFEM, and NDI compared with CG. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the PNF neck pattern could be beneficial for adults with forward head posture.Purpose: This study investigates how abdominal muscular exercise based on proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) can affect chronic low back pain patients in terms of their pulmonary function, pain, and functional disability indexes. Methods: Fourteen target subjects with chronic low back were randomly assigned to the control group (n = 7) that performed abdominal muscle exercises and the experimental group (n = 7) that performed PNF abdominal muscular exercises. The exercises were performed five times a week for six weeks. To check the change in pulmonary function, the forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) and visible analogue scale (VAS) were measured to check the pain level. The disability level caused by back pain was measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). A paired t-test was applied to compare the differences between the groups before and after the intervention, and an independent t-test was used to compare the differences between the groups. The level of statistical significance was set as ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: Before and after the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant change in FEV1 (p < 0.01), and both the experimental and the control groups showed significant changes in VAS and ODI (p < 0.01). A comparison of the differences between the groups indicated that the experimental group showed more significant changes in FEV1 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the study results, PNF abdominal muscular exercise effectively improved pulmonary function, pain, and functional disability indexes in subjects with chronic back pain. The proposed program can be applied to chronic back pain patients as a useful therapy.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.757-762
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• 2013

본 연구는 앞 뒤 진동기기를 이용한 자세별 진동운동이 신체질량지수와 신체조성의 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 20대 남녀 41명을 대상으로 총 4개 군으로 나누어 4주 동안 실시하였다. 연구대상자는 각각 서기자세군(10명), 기마자세군(10명), 네발기기자세군(10명), 복합운동군(10명)으로 구분하여 실시하였으며, 운동 전 후 신체질량지수(BMI), 엉덩이에 대한 허리둘레 비(WHR), 체지방량 변화를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 서기자세군, 기마자세군, 네발기기자세군 그리고 복합운동군에서 모두 신체질량지수, 엉덩이에 대한 허리둘레 비, 체지방량이 감소하였지만 복합운동군에서만 모든 항목에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 이를 통해 여러 가지 자세를 혼용한 진동운동이 비만 조절에 효과가 있는 것으로 확인 할 수 있었다.