• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.668-674
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• 2000

This study was to examine effects of the eight month exercise program at lactate threshold level intensity on 11 women patients of ischemic heart disease. The %body fat and systolic blood pressure were decreased and the aerobic capacioties of oxygen consumption as well as oxygen consumption at lactate threshold were improved through the exercise program arranged by this study. The lipid variables concerned with coronary heart disease were changed a little except that triglyceride was significantly decreased during the exercise program. The effects obtained from exercise program during four months lasted to the end of the exercise program. In case we control the exercise intensity according to increase of oxygen consumption at lactate threshold the exercise program conducted by this study will be effective to the treatment for ischemic heart disease patients.(Korean J Nutrition 33(6) . 668~674, 2000)

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.427-436
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to analyze the concurrent treatment effects of ursolic acid (UA) and low-intensity treadmill exercise and to confirm the effectiveness of UA as an exercise mimetic to safely improve muscle atrophy-related diseases using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with skeletal muscle atrophy. Significant muscle atrophy was induced in male SD rats through hind limb immobilization using casting for 10 days. The muscle atrophy-induced SD rats were group into four: SED, sedentary; UA, daily intraperitoneal UA injection, 5 mg/kg; EX, low-intensity (10-12 m/min, $0^{\circ}$ grade) treadmill exercise; and UEX, daily intraperitoneal UA injection, 5 mg/kg, and low-intensity (10-12 m/min, $0^{\circ}$ grade) treadmill exercise. After 8 weeks of treatment, endurance capacity was analyzed using a treadmill, and tissues were extracted for analysis of visceral fat mass, body weight, muscle mass, expression of muscle atrophy- and hypertrophy-related genes, and endurance capacity. Although the effects of body weight gain control, muscle mass increase, and endurance capacity improvement were inadequate in the UA group, significant results were confirmed in the UEX group. The UEX group had significantly reduced body weight and visceral fat, significantly improved mass of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles, and significantly decreased atrophy-related gene expression of MuRF1 and atrogin-1, but did not have significant change in hypertrophy-related gene expression of Akt and mTOR. The endurance capacity was significantly improved in the EX and UEX groups. These data suggest that concurrent treatment with low-intensity exercise and UA is effective for atrophy-related physical dysfunctions.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2018

PURPOSE: Strengthening training is effective at improving the function of stroke patients. This study was conducted to compare the effects of exercise intensity on walking, balancing ability, and blood glucose in stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to suggest more effective exercise intensity for stroke patients. METHODS: Twenty-two patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into an experimental group (n=11) and a control group (n=11). In the experimental group, a 40-70% strength of 1RM exercise program was applied for 40 minutes a day, three times a week for 4 weeks. The control group received a 50% intensity of 1RM for the same number and duration of interventions as the experimental group. RESULTS: Both the experimental group and the control group showed significant improvement in the gait function, balance ability, and blood glucose level after the intervention compared to before the intervention. In the FGA (functional gait assessment), the experimental group showed a 52.4% greater increase than the control group, and the fasting blood glucose level was 16.7% greater in the experimental group than the control group. CONCLUSION: The strengthening exercise program, which gradually increases exercise intensity, seems to be effective at improving the function of stroke patients with type 2 diabetes.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.1039-1045
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• 2011

고강도운동 시간이 레트의 혈액학적 조성과 염증관련 인자의 변화에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 고강도운동을 매일 20, 60, 그리고 120분 동안 8주간 실시하였다. 거의 모든 혈액세포수의 측정에 있어서 고강도운동이 미치는 영향은 거의 찾아볼 수 없었으나 백혈구의 경우 대조군보다 47% 더 증가한 것으로 나타났고 60분 이후로는 대조군의 70% 수준까지 감소하였다. 60분 혹은 그 이상의 시간 동안 운동을 했을 경우 혈청 내 $Fe^{++}$, UIBC, 그리고 TIBC수준이 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 증가한 반면 20분간의 운동에서는 이들의 변화를 볼 수 없었다. 염증촉진성 사이토카인인 IL-6와 항염증성 사이토카인인 IL-10 모두의 혈청 내 수준이 고강도운동에 의해 증가하였으나 운동시간 대비 IL-6의 증가폭이 훨씬 높은 것으로 보아 염증반응의 내재 가능성을 보여주었다. 혈청 내의 인터페론-감마는 20분과 60분의 고강도운동에서 증가하였으나 120분에서는 그 수준이 대조군보다 낮아졌다. 혈청내의 nitric oxide 농도는 고강도운동에 의해 높아졌다. 전반적으로, 본 연구에서 보여진 장시간의 고강도운동에 의한 유사염증 반응은 혈류의 상승과 산소요구량이 높아진 결과로 사료되며 본 연구의 조건하에서는 고강도의 운동은 단시간운동이 건강관리에는 도움이 되는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 전기근육자극을 적용한 무릎 폄 저항운동 시 넙다리곧은근의 두께 변화에 미치는 즉각적 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 20명의 건강한 성인을 대상으로 유사실험 단일집단 검사전-검사후 설계로 진행하였다. 대상자의 양쪽 넙다리 폄의 1RM을 탄력밴드를 이용해 간접적으로 측정하고, 탄력밴드를 이용한 무릎 폄 저항운동은 오른쪽 다리에 고강도(1RM의 80%)로, 왼쪽 다리에는 저강도(1RM의 50%로 전기근육자극을 같이 적용)로 5세트를 적용하였다. 근육 두께 측정은 초음파로 운동 전후에 넙다리곧은근(1/2 부위, 1/4 부위)에 측정하였다. 사전 테스트와 사후 테스트 사이에 전기근육자극을 적용한 탄력밴드 저강도 운동에 넙다리곧은근 두께가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 본 연구의 결과는 전기근육자극을 결합한 탄력밴드 저강도 저항운동이 넙다리곧은근 두께를 증가시키는 데 즉각적인 효과가 있었다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 앞으로 고강도 저항운동을 할 수 없는 노령층에 전기근육자극을 적용한 저강도 저항운동을 접목하는 중재 방법의 효과에 대한 검증과 다양한 신체 부위별 운동프로그램 개발도 필요하다 여겨진다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.313-323
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• 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia, and it corresponds highly with exercise intensity. Here, we induced AF in mice using acetylcholine (ACh)-CaCl₂ for 7 days and aimed to determine the appropriate exercise intensity (no, low, moderate, high) to protect against AF by running the mice at different intensities for 4 weeks before the AF induction by ACh-CaCl₂. We examined the AF-induced atrial remodeling using electrocardiogram, patch-clamp, and immunohistochemistry. After the AF induction, heart rate, % increase of heart rate, and heart weight/body weight ratio were significantly higher in all the four AF groups than in the normal control; highest in the high-ex AF and lowest in the low-ex (lower than the no-ex AF), which indicates that low-ex treated the AF. Consistent with these changes, G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K⁺ currents, which were induced by ACh, increased in an exercise intensity-dependent manner and were lower in the low-ex AF than the no-ex AF. The peak level of Ca²⁺ current (at 0 mV) increased also in an exercise intensity-dependent manner and the inactivation time constants were shorter in all AF groups except for the low-ex AF group, in which the time constant was similar to that of the control. Finally, action potential duration was shorter in all the four AF groups than in the normal control; shortest in the high-ex AF and longest in the low-ex AF. Taken together, we conclude that low-intensity exercise protects the heart from AF, whereas high-intensity exercise might exacerbate AF.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.240-254
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise therapy and relaxation therapy on catecholamine and heart rate in people in white color jobs and to determine this information the effectiveness of applied exercise therapy and relaxation therapy as a nursing intervention method for stress patients. The subjects were divided into an exercise therapy group, a relaxation therapy group, and control group and the research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-post test design(exercise therapy : n= 12, relaxation therapy : n=12, control group, the group without any treatment in exercise on relaxation therapy : n=12), The subjects in the exercise therapy group were given a particular intensity for each kp during 30min, bicycle ergometer which is using an LX PE training system before & after 4weeks of training. The exercise therapy that was used was Astrard load method which tested absolute exercise load of heart rate before & after four weeks, and resting heart rate was tested for exercise and relaxation therapy before, after four weeks, and at eight weeks. The results of each kp & absolute exercise load were calculated with the target rate formula(maximal heart rate-rest heart rate) x exercise intensity(%) + rest heart rate so the subjects could continue 60-70% exercise intensity for exercise therapy over eight weeks. The relaxation therapy subjects were trained using a modified Jacobson's relaxation technique for eight weeks. The exercise and relaxation therapy were trained at the following intensity for eight weeks(3times/week, 30min/day) to see changes in catecholamine & heart rates. After eight weeks, statistical analysis of exercise & relaxation therapy were carried out Two-way ANOVA and multiple range test(SNK : Student Newman Keul) were used. The results are as follows : 1. The change of epinephrine & norepinephrine in the exercise therapy, relaxation therapy, and control group was statistically significant at the .05 level after four weeks & eight weeks. Also, exercise therapy was statistically significant at .05 level over that of the control group after 4weeks. 2. The change of heart rate in relaxation therapy was statistically significant at the .05 level, and was statistically significant at the .05 level over that of the exercise therapy and control group. In conclusion, it is obvious that exercise therapy and relaxation therapy should be one of the most effective stress treatment and desirable nursing interventions methods for job stress in people in white color jobs.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.370-375
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• 2006

The purpose of this work is to predict the systolic blood pressure (BP) during exercise from pulse transit time (PTT) for warning of possible danger. PTT was calculated as the time between R-peak of ECG and the peak of differential photoplethysmograph (PPG). For the PTT-BP model, we used regress equations from previous studies and 3 kinds of new models combining linear and nonlinear regress equation. The model parameters were estimated with the data measured under low to middle intensity exercise, and then was tested with the data measured under high intensity exercise. Predicted BP values after high intensity exercise were compared with those measured by cuff-type sphygmomanometer. The results showed that the error between measured and predicted values were acceptable for the monitoring BP. We tested PTT-BP models 1 month after the identification without further calibration. Models could predict the BP and the errors between measured and predicted BP were about 5mmHg. The suggested system is expected to be helpful in recognizing any danger during exercise.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.949-955
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• 2016

The purpose of the study was to investigate effects of Low intensity cardiac rehabilitation, using a treadmill, on the myocardial structure. We identified the effects by analyzing changes in the rats' weights and the results of biopsies. Twenty Sprague-Dawley male rats, 50 weeks old, were randomly divided into the exercise group and the control group. myocardial infarction(MI) was induced by ligaturing their left anterior descending artery. After the acute MI induction, two rats of each group began to fall dead, therefore, eight of each group completed at the end of the experiment. We used treadmills for animals for the exercise group. This exercise group performed 30 minutes of exercise five times per week for six weeks, while the control group did not perform any exercise. No statistically significant differences in weight were found in within group comparison and between group comparison. Furthermore, we observed histological changes in the myocardium using Hematoxylin & Eosin and Masson's trichrome staining in both groups. Low-intensity exercise inhibited myocardial fibrosis, may serve as a reference in the cardiopulmonary field, which plays a role in rehabilitating patients with cardiac disorders, including acute MI.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2022

Objective: Nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) is experienced worldwide by many age groups. Yoga is recommended as an exercise to reduce back pain and stress because it is a breathing exercise, posture, and meditation as key elements. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of yoga and stabilization exercise on pain intensity, function, and depression. Design: An open-label, parallel arm, randomized controlled trial Methods: Twenty-four participants were allocated to the experimental and the control group in a ratio of 1:1. Yoga (experimental group) and stabilization exercise (control group) were received twice a week for 6 weeks Participants were assessed at baseline and post-intervention for pain intensity (numeric pain rating scale), function (Aberdeen low back pain scale, flexibility,and strength), and depression (Beck depression inventory). Results: When the experimental group (Yoga) and control group (stabilization exercise) were performed twice a week for 6 weeks, numeric pain rating scale, Aberdeen low back pain scale, and flexibility in post-intervention showed significant improvement in both groups (P<0.05), However, in all variables, the experimental group showed a positive benefit compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study show that yoga has more positive benefits compared to stabilization exercise in pain intensity, function, and depression in individuals with NSLBP.