• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

Running people is exceedingly increasing with the concern about the health. The health is defined as 'a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity' by WHO. It is very important to know that which level is one's physical strength and what is adequate quality and quantity of one's exercise. In this paper I would describe about exercise pre-scription, sports walking, and jogging. And sports injuries related running will be described briefly.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1608-1613
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sling exercise on muscle activity and balance on football players with chronic ankle instability. Eight subjects performed Biodex and sling exercises for four weeks and compared the muscle activity and balance ability of the uninjured and injured feet. Stable and unstable foot % MVIC did not change significantly after treatment in all muscles. The total balance ability was not significantly different between the two groups, however, increased only in the unstable side. The anterior/posterior balance ability also represented no significant difference between the groups and was significantly improved only in the unstable side. The medial/lateral balance ability was not significantly different between the groups and was significantly improved only in the unstable side. This study suggests that sling exercise contributes to improving % MVIC, total balance ability, anterior/posterior balance ability, and medial/lateral balance ability of the unstable side.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.61-73
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• 2024

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ankle strengthening and proprioceptor exercise, including gluteus-medius strengthening exercise, on ankle strength, dynamic and static balance, ankle function, and quality of life in 24 adults without ankle instability. Methods: After randomly classifying 12 people per group into the experimental group and the control group, Home-exercise rehabilitation program was conducted for a total of 2 weeks. The control group performed ankle strengthening and proprioceptor exercise 5 times a week for 15 minutes, and the experimental group was performed by adding 15 minutes of gluteus-medius strengthning exercise to the exercise performed by the control group. The SPSS 27.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Results: Both groups showed statistically significant differences in the plantar flexion muscle strength, Y-Balance test, side hop test, quality of life. But, only experimental group showed statistically significant differences dorsi-flexion muscle strength and hip abduction muscle strength. There was no statistical difference in comparison of difference values between groups. Conclusion: These exercises can provide useful home rehabilitation programs for sports populations seeking to prevent injury in sports.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.37-44
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• 1999

Delayed onset muscle soreness is a sensation of discomfort that occurs 24h after exercise, and it is associated with the performance of unfamiliar and high force muscle wor, such as eccentric contractions. The injury to the muscle has been well described but the mechanism underlying the injury is not fully understood. Although the pathophysiological processes underlying delayed onset muscle soreness are not completely understood, many researchers have investigated various treatments in a attempt to reduce the soreness. These treatments have focused on reducing the inflammation, or edema, consequent to tissue damage, and breaking up the cycle which is thought provoke tonic muscle spasm or pain. Physical therapy is the most importance thechniques to reduce delayed onset muscle soreness. Physical therapy on delayed onset muscle soreness includes massage, exercise, therapeutic ultrasound, TENS, stretching and cryotherapy, this investigation should encourage physical therapists to experiment further with various techniques to reduce delayed onset muscle soreness.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.175-187
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between Achilles tendon angle, angular velocity from 2D cinematography utilized to easily analyze the functions of shoes, ankle joint moment, knee joint moment, and hip joint moment from 3D cinematography utilized to predict the injury. Also, this study was to provide the optimal standard to analyze the injury related to the shoes. Subjects in this study were 30 university male students and 18 conditions (2 types of running speed, 3 of midsole hardness, 3 of midsole height) were measured using cinematography and force platform. The results were as following. 1) Hip joint abduction moment was effected by many variables such as running speed, midsole height, maximum achilles tendon angle, ground reaction force. 2) Knee joint rotational moment in running was approximately 1/10 - 1/4 times of the injury critical value and eversion moment was approximately 1/4 - 1/2 times of the injury critical value. 3) Ankle joint pronation moment in running was 1/3 - 1/2 times of the injury critical value. 4) Knee joint rotational moment was found to be irrelevant with maximum achilles tendon angle or angular velocity. 5) Pronation from running was thought to be relevant to rather eversion moment activity than rotational moment activity of knee joint. 6) Plantar flexion abductor of ankle showed significant relationship with the ground reaction force variable. 7) When the loading rate for ground reaction force in passive region increased, extensor tended to be exposed to the injury. Main variables in biomechanical analysis of shoes were impact absorption and pronation. Among these variables, pronation factor was reported to be relevant with knee injury from long duration exercise. Achilles tendon angle factor was utilized frequently to evaluate this. However, as the results of this study showed, the relationship between these variables and injury relating variable of knee moment was so important. Studies without consideration on this finding should be reconsidered and reconfirmed.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.793-802
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of extreme heat on muscle function and muscle injury marker in elderly women. The subjects of this study were eight post-menopausal elderly women without any metabolic disease. All eight subjects were asked to perform the knee joint isokinetic exercise using isokinetic equipment (cybex) in the laboratory and experimental temperature within laboratory was adjusted to two conditions: extreme heat temperature(33±0.5℃) and normal temperature(20±0.5℃) maintained in 50±3% humidity conditions. Each experimental exercise was monitored and analyzed the change of HSP70, LDH and CK. Muscular functions (peak torque, total work, percentage of peak torque body weight, fatigue index, average power and total work) were significant differences at exercise between temperatural conditions (p<.05). In extreme heat temperature, muscular injury markers (HSP70, LDH and CK) were increased, threfore resulted in significantly higher than normal temperature(p<.05). These results show that extreme heat temperature can decrease muscle function in elderly women.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.32-41
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• 2019

Background: Limitations in hip flexion caused by tight hamstrings lead to excessive lumbar flexion and low back pain. Accordingly, many studies have examined how to stretch the hamstring muscle. However, no study has focused on the effect of hamstring eccentric exercise for tight hamstrings on trunk forward bending. Objects: We compared the short-term effect of hamstring eccentric exercise (HEE) and hamstring static stretching (HSS) on trunk forward bending in individuals with tight hamstrings. Methods: Thirty individuals with tight hamstrings participated in the study. The subjects were randomly allocated to either a HEE or HSS group. To determine whether the hamstrings were tight, the active knee extension (AKE) test was performed, and the degree of hip flexion was measured. To assess trunk forward bending, subjects performed the fingertip to floor (FTF) and modified modified Schober tests, and the degree of trunk forward bending was measured using an inclinometer. We used paired t-tests to compare the values before and after exercise in each group and independent t-tests to compare the two groups on various measures Results: The FTF test results were improved significantly after the exercise in both groups, and AKE for both legs increased significantly in both groups. There was no significant difference in the hip angles, mmS test results, or degree of trunk forward bending between groups after the exercise. No test results differed significantly between the two groups at baseline or after the exercise. Both groups increased hamstring flexibility and trunk forward bending. Conclusion: HSS and the HEE groups increased hamstring flexibility and trunk forward bending. However, HEE has additional benefits, such as injury prevention and muscle strengthening.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2019

As the desire for healthcare increases due to the ageing population and the well-being boom, interest in fitness is increasing. People go to the fitness center to exercise, but many people do not know how to exercise, so they often make the order of exercise and the exercise posture wrong. This not only reduces the effectiveness of the exercise, but also increases the risk of injury. This paper describes the development process of fitness system using smart mirror. This system allows people to follow the motion by themselves in front of the smart mirror, and if the exercise posture goes wrong, in real time it checks and corrects for the wrong point. By using this system, people will be able to exercise by themselves in the right posture without the help of a trainer. Also, as a result, people will be able to exercise at any time they want without the constraint of time commitment with a trainer and the cost will be reduced.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.13-21
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• 2019

[Purpose] Chronic stress is a precipitating factor for depression, whereas exercise is beneficial for both the mood and cognitive process. The current study demonstrates the anti-depressive effects of regular exercise and the mechanisms linked to hippocampal neurogenesis. [Methods] Mice were subjected to 14 consecutive days of restraint, followed by 3 weeks of treadmill running, and were then subjected to behavioral tests that included the forced swimming and Y-maze tests. Protein levels were assessed using western blot analysis and newborn cells were detected using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). [Results] Three weeks of treadmill running ameliorated the behavioral depression caused by 14 days of continuous restraint stress. The exercise regimen enhanced BrdU-labeled cells and class III β-tubulin levels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, as well as those of thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1) and synaptosomal β2-adrenergic receptors (β2-AR) under stress. In vitro experiments involving treatment with recombinant human TRX-1 (rhTRX-1) augmented the levels of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), nuclear β-catenin, and proliferating cell nuclear antigens, which were previously inhibited by U0216 and FH535 (inhibitors of ERK1/2 and β-catenin/T cell factor-mediated transcription, respectively). The hippocampal neurogenesis elicited by a 7-day exercise regimen was abolished by a selective inhibitor of β2-AR, butoxamine. [Conclusion] These results suggest that TRX-1-mediated hippocampal neurogenesis by β2-AR function is a potential mechanism underlying the psychotropic effect of exercise.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.349-355
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• 2023

This study attempted to investigate the effect of competitive anxiety on injury psychology according to the athletic career of tennis athletes at Chinese universities. To study the method, 208 athletes enrolled in a four-year university (0 university, 0 university) located in A City, Hanam Province, were surveyed for a total of three weeks from the end of January to the beginning of February 2023. To verify the research model, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS Statistics 25. And independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted to find out the differences in variables according to general characteristics, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to verify hypotheses through the concept of measurement. As a result of the study, first, it was found that there was a significant difference in the athletic career of tennis athletes at West China University. Second, the non-standardized coefficient of competition anxiety was found to have a positive (+) effect on exercise weaponry. Third, the non-standardized coefficient of competition anxiety was found to have a positive (+) effect on anxiety and anxiety. Therefore, it was found that other competitive anxiety in the exercise career had an effect on injury psychology. Since competition anxiety according to the athletic career of tennis athletes at Chinese universities affects injury psychology, it suggests that a psychological program that can control competition anxiety and injury psychology of athletes should be developed and introduced to athletes.