• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2021

With the recent development of ICT, information exchange through data communication network is increasing. Cryptography is widely used as the base technology to protect it. The initial cryptography technology was developed for military use and authorized only by the nation in the past. However, nowadays, much of the authority was unwillingly transferred to the private due to the pervasive use of ICT. As a result, there have been conflicts between the private demand to use cryptography and the nation's authority. In this paper, we survey the conflicts between nations and the private in the process of formulating the cryptography policy. Morever, we investigate the reality of the cryptography policy in Korea. Our investigations are expected to help the government apply cryptographic control policy in a balanced manner and plan development of cryptography industries. Lastly, we propose a need to establish a cryptanalysis organization and to legislate a legal sanction against fraudulent use of cryptography.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.255-264
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• 2022

With the development of information and communication technology, smart devices, and COVID-19 pandemic, organizations and individuals using Smart Work are increasing. Constant connectivity has become commonplace while using smart devices such as smart phone and tablet PC, and based on this, workers can communicate and exchange data and information anytime, anywhere, resulting in increased job autonomy in determining method, time, and place to work. However, existing Smart Work research has the following limitations: the concept of job autonomy developed in the industrialization era of the 1970s is still used, job autonomy is verified in unidimensionality, and the paradoxical 'tied autonomy' in the context of Smart Work is not demonstrated. In order to overcome these limitations, this study examined the literature that demonstrated job autonomy in a Smart Work situation. Through literature research, this study suggested how previous studies have dealt with job autonomy in Smart Work context, how to develop the type of autonomy according to the Smart Work situation, and directions for future empirical research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.99-115
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the benefits of social capital obtained through the use of social media from the perspective of fashion. The study conducted in-depth interviews with 10 women in their 20s who utilized Instagram and YouTube for fashion-related activities. The results show that bonding social capital was related to Instagram and led increasingly to narrow and deep relationships with acquaintances who had already established offline relationships. The study also finds that informational benefit was derived from people who use Instagram image information for smart fashion consumption; in addition, positive feedback on their posts brought the emotional benefit of psychological satisfaction. On the other hand, bridge social capital developed from YouTube users and subscribers. The study discovers that YouTuber public communication or the exchange of opinions leads to an increase in bridge social capital, which is a wide and shallow relationship. Video-based YouTube brought informational benefits as a specific product description, and there were emotional benefits in terms of entertainment while watching videos that combined fashion and entertainment. This report sheds light on individual fashion activities on social media, which is discussed from the perspective of social capital.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2023

In this paper, we study the containment control problem for second-order multi-agent systems, which consists of multiple leaders and followers. The goal is to drive the followers toward the convex hull spanned by the leaders. Thus, the swarm behavior can be obtained by controlling the entire group by the leaders. This paper considers the leaders move at a constant speed and the followers have input saturations. Moreover, we assume that the followers can exchange information with neighbors, and only relative state information is available. Under these assumptions, we propose the Proportional-Integral based distributed control algorithm to solve the containment control problem with moving leaders. Moreover, based on Lasalle's invariance principle, the conditions for the control gains that guarantee the convergence of the followers to the convex hull spanned by the leaders are investigated, and it was shown that it can be designed only using the system parameter. Finally, the simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical result.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.51-58
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• 2022

The article emphasizes the features of the modern education system in Poland, reveals the peculiarities of improving the professional competence of a specialist in Poland through the implementation of multimedia technologies. Various forms of innovations implemented in improving the professional competence of a specialist are listed: improvement (rationalization), modernization, innovation. The forms of professional improvement through the introduction of computer technologies in general and multimedia technologies, in particular, primarily include various professional courses, qualification, preparatory, methodological conferences, seminars, postgraduate studies, foreign and state internships. At the same time, the main direction is self-education. The subject of professional improvement in the application of computer technologies by specialists is the updating of existing knowledge, exchange of professional experience, planning, as well as discussion of innovative works in which specialists participate. Professional growth of specialists can occur both during work and in higher education institutions during their studies. Modernization of computer technologies, especially multimedia ones, is a necessary condition for the functioning of specialists in modern society, since specialists are at the center of the educational process, during the improvement of professional competence. The main functions of the educational process necessary for improving the professional competence of specialists through the implementation of multimedia technologies are revealed. These functions not only contribute to the professional improvement of specialists, but also affect their solutions and optimize the maintenance of contacts between specialists. The importance of creating conditions that are consistent with the modern needs of innovative education is emphasized.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.63-73
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• 2021

In order to effectively promote a smart city, various urban information must be opened and linked, and the information system that each member can share is required. In addition, it is necessary to establish a cooperative system in which citizens and citizen's organizations can participate. In this study, the components and conceptual model of a smart city platform were proposed to create a smart city that enables citizen participation. Its components include sensors for collecting data from the real world, information storage and management, information sharing and standard system, citizens' personal information protection and management system, utilization and service, etc. For the conceptual model, roles of smart city members were defined, so that citizen-centered participation and services could be made. It also includes data collection, information linkage and sharing, and service configuration system. Citizens can perform various roles such as data collector and provider, service planner or requestor, service beneficiary, etc. Ultimately, free communication and exchange of opinions with citizens is a key factor in the success of smart cities.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.197-208
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• 2023

In the coming future, anyone using the Internet will have more than one NFT. Unlike FT, NFT can specify the owner, and tracking management is easier than FT. Even in the 2022 survey, WPA2 is the most widely used wireless protocol worldwide to date. As it is a protocol that came out in 2006, it is a protocol with various vulnerabilities at this time. In order to use WPA2-EAP or WPA3 (2018), which were released to compensate for the vulnerabilities of WPA2, additional equipment upgrades are required for STA (station) and AP (access point, router), which are connected devices. The use of expensive router equipment solves the security part, but it is economically inefficient to be introduced in Small Office Home Office (SOHO). This paper uses NFT as a means of authentication and uses the existing WPA2 as it is without equipment upgrade, defend crack tools of WPA2 that have been widely used so far and compared to the existing WPA2, it was shown that it was not difficult to actually use them in SOHO.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.35-37
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• 2022

Online video conferencing systems such as Zoom and Discord are mainly used for non-face-to-face work due to their good accessibility and lack restriction of space. However, most online video conferencing systems are difficult to interact in both directions, and problems such as difficulty in communication and lack of immersion are emerging in participants who use them. On the other hand, Metaverse, which has attracted attention with the development of spatial computing, enables smooth interaction like the real world in the three-dimensional virtual world by utilizing hearing, visual, and touch information. In this paper, we propose a method of utilizing the metaverse platform to improve the problem of lack of immersion in the existing online video conferencing system. Through the proposal method, platform users can share and check each other's work screens in a virtual space and exchange various data. In order to improve participants' of immersion, the environment and improvement plan of the metaverse platform were constructed and compared with the existing online video conferencing platform.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.64-70
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• 2023

Maritime transport is dominant in the overall volume of all international transportation. Existence and overcoming of problems, which cause pressure on shipping safety, remain actual and fully concern both maritime and inland transport. Increasing speed and cargo capacity of the ships along with the reduction of crew members lead to the automation of a growing number of work processes, which indicates the need to actively introduce appropriate measures in the security system of sea-going ships and commercial ports and to develop modern approaches to minimize negative events and incidents in the process of ship operation. Advantages in use of modern methods of monitoring the safety of ship operations, management of possible events and incidents, including investigation of accidents, first, aimed at prevention of negative occurrences and ways of prevention on this basis. Considering statistics on incidents increase, this work presents analysis of general ship accident rate, study of major accidental events growth annually, and investigation of causes of incidents, which most frequently occur in port waters and at open sea. A survey of current approaches to ensuring the safety of shipping by implementing effective tools, such as event and incident management, has been conducted.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.110-122
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• 2023

Over the last few decades, various innovative technologies have emerged that have significantly contributed to making life easier for humans. Various information and communication technologies (ITCs) have emerged as a result of the global technological revolution, including big data, IoT, 4G and 5G networks, cloud computing, mobile computing, and artificial intelligence. These technologies have been adopted in urban planning and development, which gave rise to the concept of smart cities in the 1990s. A smart city is a type of city that uses ITCs to exchange and share information to enhance the quality of services for its citizens. With the global population increasing at unprecedented levels, cities are overwhelmed with a myriad of challenges, such as the energy crisis, environmental pollution, sanitation and sewage challenges, and water quality issues, and therefore, have become a convergence point of economic, social, and environmental risks. The concept of a smart city is a multidisciplinary, unified approach that has been adopted by governments and municipalities worldwide to overcome these challenges. Though challenging, this transformation is essential for cities with differing technological and social features, which all have the potential to determine the success or failure of the digital transformation of cities into smart cities. In recent years, researchers, businesses, and the government have all turned their attention to the emerging field of smart cities. Accordingly, this paper aims to represent a thorough understanding of the movement toward smart cities. The key themes identified are smart city definitions and concepts, smart city dimensions, and smart city architecture of different layers. Furthermore, this article discusses the challenges and some examples of smart cities.