• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.189-198
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• 1991

This study was performed to examine the effect of excess vitamin A feeding on lipid profile and vitamin A content of rats. 12 male Sprague-Dawley rats. weighing 114.1$\pm$0.9g, were divided into control and excess vitamin A group, and fed experimental diet for 6 weeks. In the excess vitamin A group, the level of vitamin A was 400, 000 1.U./kg diet(100 times of standard level). It was observed that vitamin A excess group had higher levels of plasma total lipid, total cholesterol, and trighlyceride and lower HDL ratio, indicating a high risk to coronary heart disease. In the liver, total CHOL and TG content were also high, and fatty liver was produced by excess Vitamin A. Vitamin A contents of organs were higher when excess vitamin A was given. These results suggested that excess vitamin A could be a dietary factor increasing the lipid contents of plasma and liver. Therefore, it could be said that vitamin A megadose can be one of the risk factors to coronary heart disease.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.492-500
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 비타민 A 과량 섭취가 비타민 K 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 carboxylase의 기질인 쥐의 간내 microsome 단백질과 첨가된 펩티드의 vitamin K-dependent carboxylation rate를 측정하였다. In vitro 실험에서는 정상 vit.A 섭취군의 간 microsome을 vit.A 로 incubation했을때 간 내 prothrombin 선구 물질이나 첨가된 peptide기질의 carboxylation rate는 영향을 받지 않았다. 이와 비슷한 양상으로서 무비타민 K 식이와 함께 비타민 A를 정상수준 혹은 과잉 수준으로 섭취한 쥐를 비교한 경우에는 동일군 간에는 carboxylation rate에 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 비타민 A 과잉군의 간내 단백질의 carboxylation rate는 대조군에 비하여 증가하는 경향이었다, 비타민 A 과잉군은 비타민 A로 incubate한 경우나 하지 않은 경우 모두 대조군에 비하여 약 2~3 배 의 carboxylase 활성을 보였다. In vivo study 에서는 첨가된 peptide에 대한 carboxylase활성은 비타민 A 광일 섭취에 의하여 영향을 받지 않았다. 그러나 간 내 단백질의 carboxylation rate는 비타민 A과잉군이 대조군에 비하여 2~3 배나 더 높았다. Carboxylase 활성은 대조군이나 비타민 A과잉군 모두 연구기간이 진행될수록 더 증가하였다. 그리고 간 내 단백질의 carboxylation에 대한 비타민 A 과잉 효과는 실험 식이를 시작한 후 일주일 정도에서 나타나기 시작하였다. 그러므로 이 연구 결과는 비타민 A 과잉 시에는 과잉증이 빠른 시일내에 일어나며, 비타민 A 과잉은 비타민 K 결핍의 지표인 prothrombin 의 선구물질을 증가시킨다는 것을 시사한다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1990

This study was carried out to observe the effects of dietary sources of vitamin A and Zn levels on Zn and vitamin A distribution in rats fed excess vitamin A diet. In this study, 40 weanling male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain, weighing 40-50g, were chosen and divided into for groups by dietary Zn levels and the sources of vitamin A. The two levels of dietary Zn were supplied: adequate Zn(30mg Zn/Kg diet), low Zn(3mg Zn/Kg diet). Excess vitamin A level was 100 times of RDA, retional and $\beta$-carotene were used as the sources of vitamin A. Vitamin A concentration of plasma and liver were significantly higher in rats fed retional than in rats fed $\beta$-carotene (p<0.05), but these were not affected by dietary Zn levels. Vitamin A accumulationin the liver appeared to be servere in rats fed retinol and low Zn diet. Zn levels of plasma and liver were not affected by the sources of vitamin A whereas Zn levels of kidney were slightly lower in retinol group, and Zn levels of tests were found to be significantly lower in rats fed retinol and low Zn diet. Fragility of erythrocytes in hypotonic saline soultion was greater in low Zn groups, whereas the lower fragility was found in adequate Zn groups in feeding excess vitamin A diet. Thus, these results suggest that an adequate Zn intake is preferable when excess vitamin A is taken, and $\beta$-carotene intake is more beneficial than retinol in order to diminish toxic effects of vitamin A.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.558-565
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• 1993

This study was carried out to observe the effects of dietary n-6, n-3 fatty acids and vitamin A levels on serum lipid contents and hepatic tissues in rats. Sixty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 6 different experimental diets for 6 weeks. The diets were composed of 10% of either corn oil or fish oil with three levels of vitamin A ; defient (1240IU/kg diet), adequate (4000IU/kg diet), excess(400,000IU/kg diet). It was observed that triglyceride content and lipoprotein ratio in serum were not affected by dietary fat types and vitamin A levels. However, total serum cholesterol contents were significantly lower in fish oil groups than in corn oil groups, which were not affected by vitamin A levels. Under light microscope, vitamin A excess groups showed pathological abnormalites, such as fatty change and inflammation of the hepatic tissues. There abnormalities were less severe in fish oil groups. These results suggested that fish oil could be a dietary factor lowering the serum lipid contents, and it seems to relieve the abnormal changes in liver induced by excess vitamin A.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.468-475
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• 1992

본 연구는 식이내 n-6,n-3 지방산과 비타민 A 수준이 흰쥐의 체액면역기능에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위해 평균 체중이 $103pm$2.2g인 Sprague-Dawley종 수컷 흰쥐68마리를 6군으로 나누어 6주간 사육하였다. 실험식이는 지방을 식이무게의 10% 수준으로 하여 어유와 옥수수유를 사용하였고 비타민 A 수준은 결핍식이(1240 IU/kg diet), 적정식이(4000 IU/kg diet), 과잉식이(400,000 IU/kg diet)로 하였다. 비장무게는 체중 100g당, 비타민 A 과잉 어유섭취군이 유외하게 낮았으며 plaque-forming cell 반응은 지방종류와 비타민 A수준에 따른 차이가 없었다. 혈청의 혈구응집반응 결과는 어유군이 옥수수군에 비해 항체가가 낮았으며, 비타민 A 수준에 따른 차이는 없었다. IgG 농도는 지방종류에 의한 차이가 있어 어유군이 옥수수군에 비해 높았으며, 비타민 A 과잉 어유군이 다른 식이군에 비해 현저하게 높았다. 비타민 A 과잉 어유군은 비장의 크기가 작고 혈청 IgG 농도가 높게 나타났으므로 비타민 A 과잉시 어유 섭취는 면역기능에 좋은 영향을 주지 못하였다. 광학현미경으로 살펴본 바에 의하면 비장조직은 어유군이 옥수수유군에 비해 발달이 좋았으며 비타민 A 결핍과 과잉시에 발달이 저해되었다. 그러므로 본 연구 결과로 건강한 사람의 경우 면역기능을 온전히 유지하기 위해서는 비타민 A를 적정량 섭취하는 것이 좋으며 비타민 A과잉시에는 어유섭취를 피하는 것이 바람직하다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1994

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary levels of vitamin A on the lipid composition in rats fed Zn-deficient diets. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 5 experimental diets for 7 weeks. Rats were fed Zn-and vitamin A-deficient diet or the same diets supplemented with various levels of vitamin. A liver total lipid, cholesterol and triglycerides contents tended to decrease in Zn-deficient rats, but the supplementation of excess vitamin A enhanced those contents. Plasma cholesterol content was significantly higher in feeding Zn-deficient and excess vitamin A diet. Plasma triglyceride and phospolipid contents were higher in Zn-deficient groups, but not influenced by dietary levels of vitamin. A . Plasma HDL-cholesterol content was not changed by Zn-deficient diets. Plasma alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly reduced in Zn-deficient groups. Zinc contents of plasma and liver were influenced by the dietary level of zinc, but not changed by supplementation of vitamin A.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of vitamin E supplementation renal lipid peroxidation in high fat diet and adriamycin (ADR) induced experimental nephrotic syndrome model rats. Treated rats were injected intraperitoneally with ADR (2mg/kgBW/wk) once a week for four weeks. control rats were injected with saline solution instead of ADR. The rats in each group were fed experimental diets of three levels of vitamin E for 10 weeks: Normal (501U/kg diet), high (5,000IU/kg diet), excess (7,500IU/kg diet). The high fat diet and ADR treatment was performed to induce the decrease of kidney functions. Serum total cholesterol was significantly decreased by the excess supplementation. But there was no effect of vitamin E supplementation on serum total lipid and triglyceride. Thiobarbituric acid reacting substances(TBARS) was significantly decreased at high and excess supplementation. Glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase ({TEX}$GP_{x}${/TEX}) and catalase activities (CAT) were measured as antioxidative enzymes. The renalglutathione reductase (GR) and catalase activities (CAT) were inclined to elevate by vitamin E supplementation. Thus the vitamin E supplementation was found to have an antioxicant effect. These results suggested that vitamin E supplementation could alleviate the changes in renal lipid peroxidation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1985

본 실험을 통해 뚜렷한 경향을 보여주는 몇가지 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 식이vitamin E의 과량 첨가는 쥐의 혈청에 반영되어 나타났으며, 식이중의 cholesterol은 이 증가 효과를 감소시키는 경향을 보여주었다. 식이 cholesterol첨가로 인해 쥐의 혈청 cholesterol농도는 영향을 받지 않은 반면, 간의 cholesterol농도는 증가되었다. 과량 vitamin E와 cholesterol 두가지를 식이에 첨가하였을 경우 (IV-ECh IV'-ECh) 간의 cholesterol농도는 식이에 cholesterol만을 첨가한 경우 (III-Ch, III'-Ch)보다 더욱 높게 나타났다. 그리고 vitamin E만을 첨가한 II-E와 II'-E군에서는 간의 cholesterol농도를 낮추어주는 경향을 보였다. 간의 vitamin A 농도는 쥐가 성장함에 따라 감소하였으며 각 실험군 간에는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, B군의 경우 과량 vitamin E 식이는 간 vitamin A농도를 감소시키는 경향으로 나타났다. Vitamin E, vitamin A, cholesterol 및 다른 여러 요소들간의 복잡한 상호관계를 알아내기 위해, age가 다른 그리고 여러 species의 동물을 이용한, 장기간의 단계적이고도 체계적인 많은 연구가 요구되어진다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.427-434
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of vitamin I supplementation on renal function in high fat diet and adriamycin (ADR) induced experimental nephrotic syndrome in model rats. The effects of vitamin E supplementation on renal function in high fat diet and ADR treated rats were as follows. Kidney weight was decreased by vitamin E supplementation. Serum total protein was increased by the excess supplementation. Blood urea nitrogen(BUN) was decreased by the high supplementation. However, serum albumin and creatinine showed no significant differences between groups. Urinary volume tended to increase by vitamin I supplementation. Urinary urea-N tended by vitamin I supplementation. Particularly glomerular filtration rate(GFR) was significantly decreased by vitamin E supplementation. These results suggested that vitamin E supplementation could alleviate the adverse effects caused in renal function by highfatdiet and ADR treatments.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.85-95
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the immune response of layers fed diets supplemented with excess micronutrients, i.e., vitamin A, methionine, Zn, Cu, and Fe to the inoculation of Newcastle disease vaccine(NDV) or infectious bronchitis vaccine(IBV). The antibody titer against the NDV increased immediately after the inoculation and stayed high during the next 6 wk. On the other hand, The antibody titer against the IBV increased after 4 wk of inoculation The IgM level increased rapidly after 1 wk of NDV inoculation, however, it decreased after 5 wk of inoculation. The IgA displayed similar pattern to that of IgM in response to NDV inoculation. The pattern of IgM change after IBV inoculation was similar to that when layers were treated with NDV. However, IgA level changed earlier than did IgM. The IgG response to the NDV and IBV was very weak compared to the other immune responses. The excess supplementation of micronutrients to the diets of layers inoculated with NDV elicited favorable antibody titer and immune response compared to the layers fed the control diet. The excess Zn, however, allowed the layers to have higher antibody titer for the 4-wk period after NDV injection: after that they showed no effect of extra-Zn. The immune responses of layers fed excess vitamin A, Cu, methionine, and Fe were markedly higher in IgA and IgG than the control layers. The excess Zn, however, did not bring about any favorable result. No difference was detected in IgG level between control and micronutrients-treated groups.