• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.05a
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• pp.57-61
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• 1997

A Canadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) reactor core calculation was performed using lattice parameters generated by HELIOS. The HELIOS-based lattice parameters were processed by TABGEN in a form suitable for the core analysis code RFSP. The core calculation was performed and the results were compared to those of the reference calculation which uses POWDERPUFS-V (PPV) for the lattice parameter generation. The characteristics of the core calculated based on the PPV and HELIOS lattice parameters match within 0.4%$\Delta$k and 7% for the excess reactivity and the channel power distribution, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1288-1295
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• 2009

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of xylanase on performance, blood parameters, intestinal morphology, microflora and digestive enzyme activities of broilers. The wheat-based diets were supplemented with 0, 500, 1,000, 5,000 U/kg xylanase. Xylanase supplementation significantly (p<0.05) improved the feed:gain ratio of broilers from 1 to 21 d and 1 to 42 d. Supplementing 500 U/kg and 1,000 U/kg xylanase improved (p<0.05) the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the small intestine. Excess supplementation of xylanase (5,000 U/kg) increased the villus height in the ileum (p<0.01) and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum and ileum (p<0.05). The microflora in the ileum and caecum, digestive enzyme activities in the small intestine and the concentrations of serum glucose, uric acid, insulin and IGF-I were not affected by the supplementation of xylanase. Excess level of xylanase (5,000 U/kg) had a tendency to induce the multiplication of E. coli and total aerobes. The results suggested that supplementing 500 U/kg and 1,000 U/kg xylanase was beneficial for broilers and excess xylanase supplementation resulted in no further improvement or negative effects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.308-308
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• 2017

The low and unstable yield of soybean has been a major problem in Japan. Excess soil moisture conditions are one of the major factors to restrict soybean productivity. More than 80 % of soybean crops are cultivated in converted paddy fields which often have poor drainage. In central and eastern regions of Japan, the early vegetative growth of soybean tends to be restricted by the flooding damage because the early growth period is overlapped with the rainy season. Field observation shows that induced excess water stress in early vegetative stage reduces dry matter production by decreasing intercepted radiation by leaf and radiation use efficiency (RUE) (Bajgain et al., 2015). Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the responses of soybean growth for excess water conditions to assess these effects on soybean productions. In this study, we aim to modify the soybean crop model (Sinclair et al., 2003) by adding the components of the restriction of leaf area development and RUE for adaptable to excess water conditions. This model was consist of five components, phenological model, leaf area development model, dry matter production model, plant nitrogen model and soil water balance model. The model structures and parameters were estimated from the data obtained from the field experiment in Tsukuba. The excess water effects on the leaf area development were modeled with consideration of decrease of blanch emergence and individual leaf expansion as a function of temperature and ground water level from pot experiments. The nitrogen fixation and nitrogen absorption from soil were assumed to be inhibited by excess water stress and the RUE was assumed to be decreasing according to the decline of leaf nitrogen concentration. The results of the modified model were better agreement with the field observations of the induced excess water stress in paddy field. By coupling the crop model and the ground water level model, it may be possible to assess the impact of excess water conditions for soybean production quantitatively.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2001

The dielectric relaxation study for aniline-dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and aniline-dim.ethylformamide(DMF) has been carried out using the Time domain reflectometry (TDR) technique, at different temperature and concentrations, in the frequency range of 10 MHz to 10 GHz. The dielectric parameters viz. static permittivity, relaxation time, the Kirkwood correlation factor, excess permittivity, excess inverse relaxation time and thermodynamic parameters have been obtained. The calibration method based on least squares fit method has been used. The dielectric parameters show systematic change with temperature and concentrations.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1775-1782
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• 2023

Several reactor physics commissioning experiments were conducted to obtain the neutronic parameters at the beginning of the G.A. Siwabessy Multi-purpose Reactor (RSG-GAS) operation. These parameters are essential for the reactor to safety operate. Leveraging the experimental data, this study evaluated the calculated core reactivity, control rod reactivity worth, integral control rod reactivity curve, and fuel reactivity. Calculations were carried out with Serpent 2 code using the latest neutron cross-section data ENDF/B-VIII.0. The criticality calculations were carried out for the RSG-GAS first core up to the third core configuration, which has been done experimentally during these commissioning periods. The excess reactivity for the second and third cores showed a difference of 510.97 pcm and 253.23 pcm to the experiment data. The calculated integral reactivity of the control rod has an error of less than 1.0% compared to the experimental data. The calculated fuel reactivity value is consistent with the measured data, with a maximum error of 2.12%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the RSG-GAS reactor core model is in good agreement to reproduce excess reactivity, control rod worth, and fuel element reactivity.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference about pathogenesis of skin type. the theory that explains each individual react to certain stress is generally accepted in traditional oriental medicine. The aim of this experiment is to find out relationship between the effect of facial condition and the vital conditions of traditional Oriental medicine. We recognized that pattern identification of fluid-humor could be divided into 4 different groups. The reason is that the fluid-humor could be interpreted as Qi & Blood, furthermore Qi & Blood were categorized into deficiency and excess groups. Korean female volunteers in good health participated in this experiment. Three doctors of Oriental medicine classified them into 4 groups based on qi-blood and deficiency-excess concept(qi-deficiency; qi-excess:qi-stagnation; blood-deficiency; blood-excess:static-blood). Volunteers were assessed with non-invasive skin measuring devices. And we analyzed the correlation of skin physiological parameters with vital conditions; moisture, sebum and elasticity. Measurement moisture and sebum of facial skin tended to deacease only in static blood group.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 1989

To determine the effect of sodium plus potassium to chloride ratio and lysine level on blood pH, blood acid-base parameters, lysine-arginine antagonism and growth performance, four hundred and thirty two chicks of 3 days age were used in a completely randomized $3{\times}3$ factorial experiment. Variables contained three levels of lysine (0.8, 1.2 and 1.6%) and dietary electrolyte (100, 200 and 300 mEq/kg). Birds fed 200 mEq/kg and electrolyte had the best growth rate and feed efficiency, followed by those fed 300 mEq/kg and 100 mEq/kg electrolyte. It is proposed that high levels of dietary electrolyte may improve the growth of chicks fed diets containing excess lysine by increasing lysine catabolism. High or low levels of lysine and dietary electrolyte resulted in higher mortality than those of optimum level (1.2%) of lysine and 200 mEq/kg of electrolyte balance. When the electrolyte level was increased, the pH, $pCO_2$, base excess, $HCO_3{^-}$ and total $CO_2$ of blood plasma were increased. The utilization of nutrients was changed when the electrolyte and lysine were manipulated. Plasma chloride tended to be greater in chicks receiving high chloride diet and was the highest in chicks fed the high lysine diet. Plasma sodium and potassium were unaffected by dietary lysine. Diet containing high lysine decreased the level of arginine and excess dietary electrolyte increased arginine level in plasma. It may be concluded that cation supplementation tended to alleviate the lysine-arginine antagonism but chloride exacerbated. Tibia bone length and ash contents were significantly affected by electrolyte balance and lysine level.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.10 no.1_2
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• pp.21-35
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• 1995

Risk assessment processes, which include processes for the estimation of human cancer potency using animal bioassay data and calculation of human exposure, entail uncertainties. In the exposure assessment process, exposure scenarios with various assumptions could affect the exposure amount and excess cancer risk. We compared risk estimates among various exposure scenarios of vinyl chloride, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in tap water. The contaminant concentrations were analyzed from tap water samples in Seoul from 1993 to 1994. The oral and inhalation cancer potencies of the contaminants were estimated using multistage, Weibull, lognormal, and Mantel-Bryan model in TOX-RISK computer software. In the first case, human excess cancer risk was estimated by the US EPA method used to set the MCL(maximum contaminant level). In the second and third case, the risk was estimated for multi-route exposure with and without adopting Monte-Carlo simulation, respectively. In the second case, exposure input parameters and cancer potencies used probability distributions, and in the third case, those values used point estimates(mean, and maximum or 95% upper-bound value). As a result, while the excess cancer risk estimated by US EPA method considering only direct ingestion tended to be underestimated, the risk which was estimated by considering multi-route exposure without Monte-Carlo simulation and then using the maximum or 95% upper-bound value as input parameters tended to be overestimated. In risk assessment for volatile organic compounds, considering multi-route exposure with adopting Monte-Carlo analysis seems to provide the most reasonable estimations.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.416-423
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• 2012

Using time domain reflectometry, the complex dielectric spectra between 10 MHz to 20 GHz has been measured in the whole composition range at 10, 20, 30 and $40^{\circ}C$ for the binary mixtures of ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide. For all the mixtures, only one dielectric loss peak was observed in this frequency range. The relaxation in these mixtures can be described by a single relaxation time using the Debye model. A systematic variation is observed in dielectric constant (${\varepsilon}_0$) and relaxation time (${\tau}$). The excess permittivity (${\varepsilon}^E$), excess inverse relaxation time $(1/{\tau})^E$, Kirkwood correlation factor (g) and thermodynamic parameters viz. enthalpy of activation (${\Delta}H$) and Gibbs free energy of activation (${\Delta}G$) have been determined, to confirm the formation of hydrogen bonded homogeneous and heterogeneous cooperative domains, the dynamics of solute - solute interaction and the hindrance to molecular rotation in the hydrogen bonded glass forming ethylene glycol - dimethyl sulphoxide system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.328-336
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• 2017

The goal of this study is simulation of optimal search pattern of ships based on performance surface which are reflected underwater environmental. The process is as follows. First, temporal and spatial environmental database are extracted in complex environment and input hull mounted SONAR system parameters. The environmental database and SONAR system parameters are substituted to SONAR equations, and calculate signal excess, detection probability, detection range. And then, the performance surface, which can be used to provide operational insight of SONAR detection performance, are pictorialized. Finally, optimal search pattern of ships are simulated using genetic algorithm based on performance surface. And then, we certify optimal search pattern in various ways.