• 한국연소학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.24-32
• /
• 2007

A theoretical model was developed for rotary kiln and computational study was conducted to find the effect of feeding characteristics. One dimensional model with the variations of heating distribution, length of heating zone, excess air ratio and revolution was considered. The comparison of parallel-flow rotary kiln with that of counter-flow was conducted. For parallel-flow type, it is found that the variation of temperature of solid is not great for the zone that is following flame-heating zone. This zone is good to take the special treatment because thermal deviation is small and contacting time is enough for another treatment. Increase of excess air ratio have the effect of decreasing solid temperature. But this effect of decreasing solid temperature goes small for the great excess air ratio. The heating is efficient for the flame which has the maximum heating at the central region of the full length.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2014

The wood pellet, which is one of the woody biomass energy, has very high economic efficiency and combustion efficiency during their combustion. The existing pellet burner have many problems such as low combustion efficiency, flame stabilization, ash problem and ignition time etc. We developed cyclonic wood pellet burner aim to 20,000kcal/hr boiler and measured temperature profiles and exhaust gases in order to investigate the flame stability and optimum combustion condition at any air flow conditions. As results, we confirmed the reappearance and the isotropy of the experimental results in the burner. At the first air flow inlet condition of excess air ratio ${\alpha}=0.02$, second air flow $490{\ell}/min$ had the best combustion condition when pellet supplied 30g. This result means that we need much air supply only for the swirling of second air flow. So we tested various second air flux at first air excess air ratio ${\alpha}=0.7$ condition. At this condition, we could find out that we don't need much second air and total air flux compared to the former condition. We will continuously test this work of air flow distribution, and swirl effect of first air flow, and ash elimination.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.48-57
• /
• 2003

A cylindrical constant volume combustion chamber was used to investigate the flow characteristics at spark plug and the combustion characteristics of homogeneous charge methane-air mixture under various initial pressure, excess air ratio and ignition times in quiescent mixture. The flow characteristics such as mean velocity and turbulence intensity was analyzed by hot wire anemometer. Combustion pressure development measured by piezoelectric pressure transducer and flame propagation acquired by ICCD camera were used to investigate the effect of initial pressure, excess air ratio and ignition times on pressure, combustion duration, flame speed and burning velocity. Mean velocity and turbulence intensity had the maximum value at 200 or 300ms and then decreased to near 0 value gradually after 3 seconds. Combustion duration, flame speed and burning velocity were observed to be promoted with excess air ratio of 1.1, lower initial pressure and ignition time of 300ms.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 1999년도 제19회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
• /
• pp.129-138
• /
• 1999

In this paper, our main issue is that establishing the control procedure of continuous gas flow rate according to combustion fan RPM. For this, first, we decide the optimum operating condition of gas swirl burner through analysis of combustion characteristics - thermal efficiency, combustion efficiency and exhaust gases such as CO, $CO_{2}$, $O_{2}$, $NO_{x}$ and THC. Second, fuel gas flow rate of gas valve is decided with considering excess air ratio and combustion fan RPM is decided by the target of combustion air flow rate. Finally, experimental operating equation is acquired by regression for gas valve and combustion fan. This equation is the control equation of continuous gas flow rate and always gas flow rate is decided by combustion fan operating RPM.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.178-185
• /
• 1998

In order to evaluate and improve the performance of local exhaust ventilation systems for two TCE degreasing (A, B) and two electroplating (C, E) and one acid dipping & plating (D) operations located in Kimhae, the performance test was conducted with trace gases and a thermal anemometer (Kanomax 24-6111, Japan). For the inadequately designed systems, the improvement and redesigns in compliance with recommendation by ACGIH was suggested. The results of performance test for each system are as follows; 1. System of Workplace A was generally well-designed. Actual exhaust air flow rate was in excess of 68% above the recommended standard exhaust air flow rate. 2. System of Workplace B was very well-designed and completely enclosed. 3. All systems of Workplace C including hoods were poorly-designed and actual exhaust air flow rates were insufficient for open tanks. All systems should be upgraded according to ACGIH recommendations. 4. Supply and exhaust air flow rate of push-pull exhaust systems in Workplace D should be greatly increased. The width of flange of dipping tank hood should be increased with the value suggested. 5. System of Workplace E was well-designed. Actual exhaust air flow rate was in excess of 54% above the required.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2017

연소로에서 질소산화물을 저감하기 위하여 여러 가지 방법으로 연구가 진행되어 오고 있는데 그 중에 배기가스를 재순환하여 저감하는 방법이 있다. 본 연구는 배기가스를 재순환하는 방법으로 연소로 외부에 코안다 노즐을 이용하여 배기가스를 재순환 유입하는 방법을 사용하였다. 코안다 노즐을 이용하여 배기가스를 재순환하고 혼합가스는 연소로 접선 방향으로 투입하여 선회유동을 유발하는 특징을 가지는 배기가스 재순환 버너이다. 이러한 버너에서 연소로 내의 선회 유동 특성을 살펴보고 온도와 반응속도 분포를 살펴봄으로써 코안다 노즐을 이용한 재순환 버너의 연소 유동 특성을 규명하였다. 과잉공기계수와 코안다 노즐 간격을 변화하여 배기가스 재순환 유입량 특성을 살펴보았으며 과잉공기계수를 증가하면 재순환 유입량비가 증가하였고 코안다 노즐 간격을 증가하면 코안다 노즐 공기 출구에서 속도가 낮아져서 재순환 유입량이 감소한다는 특성을 알았다. 배기가스 출구에서 평균온도는 코안다 노즐 간격 변화에 거의 무관하며 과잉공기계수 증가에 따라 감소하는 것을 알았다. 이러한 특성으로 배기가스 출구에서 NOx 농도는 과잉공기계수 증가에 따라 현저히 감소하고 코안다 노즐 간격에는 상대적으로 영향이 적은 것으로 나타났다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 2004

A cylindrical constant-volume combustion chamber was used to investigate the flow characteristics at the spark electrode gap and the combustion characteristics of an inhomogeneous charge methane-air mixture under several parameters such as stratified pattern, initial charge pressure, ignition time and the excess air ratio of the initial charge mixture. Flow characteristics including mean velocity and turbulence intensity were analyzed by a hot-wire anemometer. The combustion pressure development, measured by a piezo-electric pressure transducer, was used to investigate the effect of initial charge pressure, excess air ratio and ignition times on combustion pressure and combustion duration. It was found that the mean velocity and turbulence intensity had the maximum value around 200-300 ms and then decreased gradually to near-zero value at 3000 ms. For the stratified patterns, the combustion rate under the rich injection (RI) condition was the fastest. Under the initial charge conditions, the second mixture was accompanied by an increase in the combustion rate, and that the higher the mass which is added in the second stage injection, the faster the combustion rate.

• 한국연소학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2008

In this study, a cylindrical constant volume combustion chamber is used to investigate the flow and combustion characteristics of methane-air homogeneous mixture under various initial charge pressure, excess air ratios and ignition times. The flame and burning speed, mean gas speed are calculated by numerical analysis to analyze the combustion characteristics. It is found that the mean gas velocity during combustion has the maximum value around 300 ms and then decreased gradually on the condition of 10000 ms, and that the combustion duration is shorten and flame speed and burning velocity have the highest value under the conditions of an excess air ratio 1.1, an initial charge pressure of 0.2 MPa and an ignition time of 300 ms in the present study. And, the initial pressure and burning speed are in inverse proportion, so that it is in agreement with Strehlow who presented that the initial pressure and burning speed are in inverse proportion when the burning speed is under 50cm/s.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.323-332
• /
• 2005

A cylindrical constant volume combustion chamber was used to investigate the flow characteristics at the spark electrode gap and the combustion characteristics of a homogeneous charged methane-air mixture under various overall charge pressures, excess air ratios and ignition times. The flow characteristics, including the mean velocity and turbulence intensity, were analyzed with a hot wire anemometer. Combustion pressure development measured by piezoelectric pressure transducer, a flame propagation image acquired by ICCD camera and exhaust emissions measured by 2-valve gas chromatography were used to investigate effects of initial pressures, excess air ratios and ignition times on the combustion characteristics. It was found that the mean velocity and turbulence intensity had the maximum value around 200-300 ms and then decreased gradually to a near-zero value after 3000 ms and that the combustion duration was shorten and the flame speed and laminar burning velocity had the highest value under the condition of an excess air ratio of 1.1, an overall charge pressure of 0.15 MPa and an ignition time of 300 ms in the present study. The $CO_2$ concentration was proportional to the ignition time and overall charge pressure, the $CO_2$ concentration was proportional to the excess air ratio, and the UHC concentration was inversely proportional to the ignition time and overall charge pressure.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2001

This study describes the combustion characteristics under various condition of air excess ratio and ignition timing in a 2-valve gasoline optically accessible engine with swirl control valve(SCV). It adapted three different types of SCA(open ration 72.5%, 78%, 89%) to strengthen a swirl flow. Pressure data were acquired using pressure sensor to investigate the effect of swirl flow on combustion, and from these pressure data, IMEP(indicated mean effective pressure) and MFB(mass fraction burnt)were calculated to explain burn rate and flame speed. From acquired flame images, inspected the flame propagation direction, flame area, and flame centroid, Flame propagation direction was shown different tendency between with/without SCV, and flame area with SCV was faster and larger than that of conventional engine. Finally, the representative flame image at each crank angle were acquired by PDF method to verify flame growth process. It is found that strengthened swirl flow is more beneficial for faster and stable combustion.