• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.601-605
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• 2008

In the current Public-Private Partnership, Applying Ex-post management is rising after the completion of construction. So, Advanced countries of construction are getting additional profit from Re-financing while repairing system about Re-financing. But within the our country positive introduction is difficult because of insufficient of social sympathy about Re-financing, shortage of support from government and imperfection of detail regulation. So this study analyzes the cases of Ex-post management Which are applied to Public-Private Partnership that is adopted by project financing in domestic and overseas field and considers plans which can apply more efficiently in Public-Private Partnership. We anticipate that the results of this study can be utilized for materials that can help people who want to understand hereafter introduction of Ex-post management in domestic Public-Private Partnership and expect that the materials can be used for data developing system of Ex-post management.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.123-139
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• 2000

In order to investigate how firms appoint and manage successful CIOs, this study reviews previous literatures and finds major factors affecting the performance of CIOs, Eight factors are found and classified into two groups based on time horizon characteristics: ex ante factors before appointment and ex post factors after appointment. These eight factors are also re-classified into three groups based on the degree of interaction between CIOs and CEOs: CIO factors, CEO factors, and interaction factors between CIOs and CEOs. In order to investigate how these sub-groups affect the performance of CIOs, we have conducted case studies on 6 firms that are considered to have successful CIOs. The results indicate that ex ante factors, for instance, a factor whether the CIO is appointed from inside or outside of the firm, need to be carefully considered for the successful ex post management of CIO positions. This study derives several managerial guidelines and finally proposes a future research model for empirical studies.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.59-78
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• 2012

The purpose of this longitudinal case study is to shed light on the reliability problems of IS performance evaluation by analyzing the discrepancy between ex ante evaluation in 2011 and ex post evaluation in 2012. Through an information system development project of a public enterprise, the gap between ex ante and ex post evaluation was ascertained and the causes as to why such gap occurs and the success factors that can solve the problems were derived. The ex ante evaluation of IS performance was performed based on both IS success model and BSC model and the ex post evaluation was carried out at the time after the target system has been built up by applying the evaluation measures and process that are similar to the ex ante evaluation. In the ex ante evaluation the business performance improved by the target system was estimated to 18.2%. On the other hand, it was seen as being low at 15.2% in the ex post evaluation and the differences were found to be statistically significant in 6 out of 10 measures. The reasons as to why such gap occurs were diagnosed as being of 2 types : (1) changes in the evaluation psychology according to the differences in the evaluation objectives; and (2) excessive expectation levels of the target system that is formed at the time of the ex ante evaluation. In other words, the users who have excessive expectations tend to overestimate in the ex ante evaluation and, in the ex post evaluation, tend to underestimate lower than the actual performance mainly due to disappointment on the results that do not meet the early expectations. As solutions to overcome the reliability problem of ex ante evaluation, 3 factors were derived : (1) the temperance of excessive expectation levels of the users; (2) a clear definition of the scope and functionality of the target system; and (3) actual commitments for the evaluations of IT performance.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.34
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• pp.189-223
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• 2007

In Korea-U.S.A. FTA Negotiation, U.S.A. request to eliminate barriers of tariffs and non-tariff in trade of cosmetics. Korea applies tariffs of 8% on most cosmetics and personal care products. There are some non-tariffs barriers in cosmetics trade between Korea and U.S.A., for example, transparency on restriction and regulatory, cosmeceuticals, import clearance review, quality control testing, ingredient labelling. Tariffs of 8% on most cosmetics should be eliminated, a proviso of complementary measures on sanitation of Korean people about imported cosmetics. This is a meaning of reformation of prior management(tariffs) by strong ex post management in cosmetics trade. It is important that Korea should construct system of ex post management, for instance, construction of data base on manufacturer, importer, bland name of cosmetics and all ingredients of cosmetics. This is concerned with labelling of cosmetics and cosmeceutical and publication of Korean edition of INCI(International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredient).

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.203-224
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the evaluation perspectives of IT business value and empirically analyze the differences of evaluation perspectives between ex ante evaluation and post implementation evaluation, and among various information system types. 4 evaluation perspectives which have been used in the previous studies and in the field of industry practices are financial, customer, internal process, and growth, which are based on the BSC model. Data of 98 information systems have been collected from 89 companies including manufacturers, banks, insurances, and stock trading companies. As results of multi-way MANOVA test, 3 out of 8 hypothesis have been accepted statistically. While the order of importance of 4 perspectives in ex ante evaluation is customer, financial, internal process, and growth, the order of post implementation evaluation appears to be much different : that is, internal process, customer, financial, and growth. These findings provide insights for both IT practitioners and researchers.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

In the past, social insurance premiums, such as national pension and national health insurance, is contained within the costs of construction projects, have been lowered due to price competition of companies participating in the bidding. The government is implementing the "Ex-post settlement system" to improve the problem. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the concept of an Ex-post settlement system and background of its introduction and to identify problems in the management of the system. The problems of the Ex-post settlement system are: 1) avoiding the participation of construction workers, 2) the rigidity of the insurance premium settlement method in construction field, and 3) the cause of direct construction cost reduction. The ways to improve these problems are: 1) excluding social insurance premiums from construction project cost, 2) securing flexibility of the settlement method of insurance premiums in construction field, and 3) expanding the scope of persons eligible to participate in social insurance.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.43-52
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• 1989

The present paper analyzes performance of a variant of rate-of-return regulation called the ex-post adjustment regulation put in effect in the Korean petroleum refinery sector. Unlike the traditional rate-of-return regulation on a monopoly, the regulation is first for the oligopolistic industry as a whole and second of the ex post nature. Under the regulation, at the end of each year, each firm is responsible to pay a certain portion of the excess of the total realized profits in the industry over the allowed profits. It is shown that if the excess profits are completely collected(including the interests), the social optimum can be realized. When only a portion of the excess profits can be collected, the regulation generally increases consumer surplus by making the firms more competitive. Each individual firm's production under the regulation depends on whether the firm's output is regarded as a strategic substitute or complement of other firms'output.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.5 s.27
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• pp.128-138
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• 2005

The success of mergers and acquisitions(M&A) have been evaluated by either measuring ex ante expectations for the specified time period(Window) or assessing long term-based post operating performance (ex post operating performance). In this study, utilizing cumulative abnormal return(CAR) method, M&As which are observed in both domestic and U.S. construction industries were analyzed then research outcomes are compared. Analysis results indicate that stockholders of public construction companies did not realize significant economic gains from M&As. In other words, there was no synergistic gains from the construction M&As. Also, no significant performance difference was observed between related and unrelated diversifications.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.227-243
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• 2022

Purpose - This study surveyed real estate financial consumers and financial company staff regarding the components of the financial consumer protection system to seek detailed improvement plans for the Financial Consumer Protection Act. Design/methodology/approach - The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique is applied. Findings - Both consumers and staff highly evaluated the importance of the preventive measures in the main classification factors. Regarding the sub-classification factors of preventive measures, consumers emphasized the responsible management of investment staff and financial institutions; however, the staff stressed the principle of effectiveness and efficiency. Regarding the elements of ex-post remedies, consumers answered that fast remedy would have a significant effect. At the same time, staff believed that punitive measures hinder free trading and investment activities. Regarding the sub-sub classification factors of prevention measures, the consumers value responsible management of staff and financial companies, while the staff tend to prefer the importance of the self-regulatory governance. Research implications or Originality - Based on the above results, financial regulatory authorities should find a balance between preventive and ex-post components once focusing on preventative measures. Our paper is one of the first research findings in this field of financial consumer protection system in Korea.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.259-279
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• 2001

This paper investigates the optimal ratio of the ex post cost settled in the total cost paid to the facility-operating agent and the size of compensation for demand promotion efforts made by the trustee. We have extended McAfee and McMillan(1986)'s principal-agent model by incorporating incentives for the demand promotion efforts. We show that cost reducing effort is negatively related with the ratio of the ex post cost settled in the total cost. In addition, the optimal level of demand promotion effort is determined by the size of the compensation and the ratio of the ex post cost settled. A simulation study confirms our findings from a theoretical model.