• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2003

In this study, I investigate the critical evaluation elements at the architectural competition held nationwide in Germany. These evaluation elements, which can be regarded as the important design evaluation criteria, are selected by the design competition committee. Generally, in Germany the design competition committee consist of professors and famous architects who have theoretical and practical abilities with their own office. I classify and analyze the critical evaluation elements of seventy committee members, working on the selected nine prize-winners in Germany from 1997 to 2001. I conclude that the critical evaluation elements, ordered by frequency are : (1)circulation, (2)context, (3)function, (4)landscape & outside space, (5)organization of space, (6)arrangement of building, (7)form, arrangement of building, (7)form, (7)growth & change, (9)elevation design, (10)utilization of natural light. These design evaluation growth & change, (9)elevation design, (10)utilization of natural light. These design evaluation criteria for Hospital Architecture in Germany also can be applied to the evaluation methods of the korean Healthcare facility design.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2003

In this study, I investigate the critical evaluation elements at the architectural competition of the Rowhousing held nationwide in Germany. These evaluation elements, which can be regarded as the important design evaluation criteria, are selected by the design competition committee. Generally, in Germany the design competition committee consist of professors and famous architects who have theoretical and practical abilities with their own office. I classify and analyze the critical evaluation elements of 95 committee members, working on the selected 9 prize-winners in Germany from 1998 to 2002. I conclude that the critical evaluation elements, ordered by frequency are ; $\circled1$ context, $\circled2$ landscape & outside space, $\circled3$ arrangement of building, $\circled4$ circulation, $\circled5$ organization of plan, $\circled6$ economic aspects, $\circled7$ orientation of building, $\circled8$ parking, $\circled9$organization of form, $\circled10$ natural light. These design evaluation criteria for the Rowhousing in Germany also can apply to the korean case.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.58-67
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• 2013

This study is to analyze the satisfaction and the image evaluation of landscape elements in outdoor space by types of the university campus. The results are as follows. 1) Out of outdoor elements at university campus, planting area, resting area, access road, and water feature are recognized as major landscape elements. Among them, planting area and access roads are evaluated low in terms of satisfaction levels, therefore, improvement on these elements are required. 2) In outdoor space image evaluation, university campus has image such as 'simple', 'clear', and 'safe'. By scale of universities, both 'A' university, which is the biggest in terms of size of campus, and 'B' university, which has a medium sized campus, have a positive image. However, 'C' university, which is the smallest in terms of size of campus, has a passive and negative image. 3) 6 factors are extracted through Factor Analysis for image evaluation. All of the universities show positive image in the categories of 'clarity' and 'familiarity', however, 'B' university and 'C' university show negative image in the category of 'scale'. 4) In Correlation Analysis between landscape elements satisfaction level and image evaluation, it is showed that the group of landscape facility becomes a relation factor of overall image evaluation. As a result, the higher satisfaction level goes, the better image evaluation of overall outdoor space at university campus is.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.55-83
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• 1995

This paper addresses three central decision-making problems frequently encountered in developing evaluation checklists for ex-post evaluation of R&D projects at private R&D centers: 1) what kind of evaluation elements and factors should be included in the evaluation forms\ulcorner 2) how much weight should be assigned to each evaluation factor and element\ulcorner and 3) could the same evaluation elements and factors with weights be applied all the project type(research, development, and engineering)\ulcorner To answer these questions, we identified the evaluation elements/factors based on the review of relevant literature and measured the perceptions of researchers, R&D managers, and top managements of the three private R&D centers to get the information about the importance levels of the elements and the weights of the factors for each of the three project types. The findings include that 1) all the evaluation elements derived from the literature exhibited high importance levels, and 2) the importance levels of the elements and the weights of the factors were quite varied along the project types. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings for ex-post evaluation of R&D projects are discussed.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.3-9
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• 2011

In this study, the change of critical elements of the design evaluation was investigated during two decades at the architectural competition which was held nationwide in Germany. Specifically, the periods of investigation span both from July 1989 to June 1990 and from July 2009 to June 2010. The results of the analysis show that the cost of construction, the maintenance cost, the design of facade and the energy conservation are being magnified for the new important elements. The images of buildings and the economic aspects are meant to be high. The frequency of the critical elements for interior spaces is approximately two times more important than those for the forms and outdoor spaces. Overall, many juries of the architectural competition in Germany were interested in the elements for interior spaces. The field of function accounts for roughly the half of four basic architectural fields such as function, others, aesthetic and construction fields. The critical elements are required persistently such as context, Circulation, organization of space, form, landscape and outdoor space design, arrangement of building, cost of construction, function, design of facade, location of main entrance. These items are regarded as the most important elements of the design evaluation at the competition. Knowing the change of critical elements of the design evaluation, we can understand the trend of architecture in Germany. The results of this study can be applied in Korea to develop the critical elements of design.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2012

In this study, we performed the psychological analysis on campus facilities for university students with the observation that the evaluation on the physical environment of the campus is related to the image evaluation of the campus users. Specifically, we investigated the cognitive structure and the image evaluation structure of users, i.e., students, on the architectural and morphological elements of campus buildings. The investigation results are summarized as follows. 1) The cognitive structure of students on the architectural and morphological elements was different from building to building. In the case of architectural elements, the campus buildings were rated high, if they were designed with emphasis on symbolic elements, while the campus buildings with simple design were rated low. However, the morphological elements exhibited the opposite results. 2) We extracted six factors by performing the factor analysis for image evaluation. From the analysis results, we found that students showed a different structure of image evaluation for each building. In addition, the image evaluation structures were found to be related with the cognitive structures on architectural and morphological elements. 3) We also performed the correlation analysis between image evaluation structure and cognitive structure on architectural and morphological aspects. The analysis results indicated that each building showed different correlation patterns. In addition, the overall image became better, as they appraised "clarity" and "uniformity" more highly.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

This study evaluates the relationship among the evaluation structure of morphological elements, the satisfaction on exterior elements, and the image evaluation for the campus landmarks by campus type. The investigation results are summarized as follows. 1) The university headquarter was nominated as the university landmark, and the main reason for the nomination was the building's historic and locational value. 2) Of the morphological elements of the campus landmark, 'proportion and balance' and 'harmony and order' were deemed important, while 'diversity' was deemed less important. 3) For the satisfaction on the facility's exterior elements, the evaluation structure was different for each university. However, the factor of 'location of the facility' was deemed the biggest factor for satisfaction for all universities, while the facility's 'color and material' were found to be the most dissatisfying factors. 4) The image evaluation on the facility was different for each university. Although there was a strong skeptical image about 'liveliness', there was a very positive image about 'elegance' and 'scale'. 5) On the relationship between the satisfaction on exterior elements and the image evaluation, there was a different evaluation structure for each university. 'Facility's color and exterior material' were the main elements which improved the overall image of the facility. Thus, the study results strongly suggest that an important task is to determine the maintenance direction through the emphasis on the relationship between exterior elements and image satisfaction for each university.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.201-212
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• 2016

This study is a literature study aimed to derive the evaluation factors for the survey of housing satisfaction of the physically handicapped. To attain the objective, the present study compared the influential factors of housing satisfaction for normal people and those for the physically handicapped found in the precedent researches, and analyzed them to draw out the evaluation factors for housing satisfaction of the physically handicapped. And then it drew out sub-factors and elements for the housing satisfaction of the physically handicapped. The evaluation factors for housing satisfaction of the physically handicapped are divided mainly into physical, social-psychological and economic factors. First, physical factor consists of 'functionality (usability)', 'safety', 'convenience', 'comfort', 'aesthetics', 'accessibility (mobility)', 'identifiability (recognition)'. Of them, 'functionality (usability)' factor consists of 3 sub-factors and 8 elements. 'Safety' was subdivided into securing safety and public order/crime prevention. and structural safety, and 7 elements were drawn out from 'safety'. 'Convenience' is sub-categorized into convenient usage and simple operation, and 9 elements were derived. 'Comfort' was classified into 2 sub-factors and 9 elements. 'Aesthetics' was classified into 2 sub-factors and elements. 'Accessibility (mobility)' was divided into 2 sub-factors and elements. 'Identifiability (recognition)' was classified into 2 sub-factors and 5 elements. Second, social-psychological factor includes 'sociality' and 'independence' factor. One sub-factor and one element were drawn from each of both factors. Third, 'economic factor' consists of 'economy'. One sub-factor and elements were drawn out from the factor. It is expected that the 10 evaluation factors, their sub-factors and elements that have been derived from this study can be used as the basic data and/or reference in designing residential space for the physically handicapped and making policy for it after verifying them in following studies. The present study finds itself significance in that the findings here can ultimately improve the housing welfare and life quality of the physically handicapped.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2013

Given the lack of suitable quality evaluation standards for educational serious games (designed for both entertainment and instruction), we designed a development framework for evaluation standards of educational serious games and proceeded to develop standards in accordance with our proposed procedure. Our standards were designed to evaluate the quality of both technical and non-technical elements of educational serious game software products. We conducted a survey on the need for individual elements of the standard. Participants rated the need for each element on a five-point Likert scale. We then performed a reliability analysis of the survey results. Based on the survey results, we established a final standard for quality evaluation composed of 9 main elements and 31 sub-elements. The results of our research will contribute useful information to users as well as to the developers of educational serious games.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.143-151
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• 2011

Since it is important to understand data acquiring characteristics through relationship between spatial types and spatial elements and apply it to spatial plans for smooth communication between designer and user of space, the conclusions gained from analysis of data acquiring characteristics of spatial elements through image evaluation by types of interior space can be summarized as in the followings: First, for the amount of acquired data by types of interior space, it shows that the acquired amount of data is to change by types and data acquiring method (phrase and image) even though the spatial elements are same. Second, for the data acquiring process of spatial types by gender, it shows that there is a big difference in acquiring of data according to the evaluation method by phrase and image. Third, for the amount of acquired data of spatial types by gender, it shows that there is a difference between male and female, which is by "classic ${\rightarrow}$ modern ${\rightarrow}$ natural" in case of male and "classic ${\rightarrow}$ natural ${\rightarrow}$ modern" in case of female. regarding both of phrase and image. Fourth, for the evaluation by gender, it shows that there is a deviation in the value of difference according to the elements by which data acquiring characteristics evaluate space. It is considered that this deviation characteristic is in need of reflection in the process of spatial evaluation. This study analyzed data acquiring characteristics of space user's spatial elements through image evaluation by types of space to understand how data acquiring would be changed of spatial elements according to type and gender. Through this study, it expects to make clear that, when a designer is planning a certain space, if the space can be a space for the user by understanding of which elements should be exposed to users by types to acquire more data.