• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.92-93
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• 2021

In the case of medical facilities, the evacuation time is delayed due to the decrease in the number of people in the hallway and exits due to the increase in the width of evacuation by using mobile beds, wheelchairs, crutches, etc. Accordingly, it is considered to secure evacuation capacity to reduce evacuation time according to corridor width and exit width. Accordingly, we would like to compare the standards related to the evacuation capacity of medical facilities in Korea and NFPA, derive differences, and use evacuation simulations to compare evacuation times according to changes in corridor width and exit width. In Korea, it is calculated based on the floor area by use, but in the case of NFPA 101, the number of evacuation routes, stair width, corridor exit width, and two-way door width was stipulated depending on the number of people. Using evacuation simulation, efficient evacuation capacity is calculated according to the reduction of evacuation time by changing the width of the hallway, changing the width of the exit, the width of the corridor, and the width of the exit. The evacuation simulation is intended to be used to secure evacuation safety of domestic medical facilities by calculating the effective evacuation time reduction by changing the width of the hallway and exit.

• Architectural research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of remoteness between exit stairways on evacuation performance. Firstly, we reviewed the design regulations of the U.S., the U.K., and South Korea, in relation to remoteness between Exit stairways. Secondly, evacuation simulation was implemented, in order to evaluate the adequacy of each standard. Eight tall buildings in South Korea were selected for the simulation. Evacuation performance was assessed for different remote distances between Exit stairways. Lastly, this research analyses the evacuation simulation data statistically in relation to the effect of remoteness on evacuation time. We found that as the distance between two exit stairways increases, the total evacuation time and average evacuation time for evacuees decreases. There was no statistical influence between the maximum travel distance of the evacuee and the remoteness between two exit stairways, but there was a significant effect on the average travel distance of the evacuees. In addition, the results from the optimal point showed that the L_ratio had the highest evacuation time at 0.44, while the D_ratio had the highest evacuation time at 0.38.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.118-122
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• 2013

For safe evacuation in the fire disaster, the evacuees must find the exit and evacuate quickly. Especially, if the evacuees don't know the location of the exit, they have to depend on the evacuation guidance system. Because the more smoke spread, the less visibility is decreasing, it is difficult to find the way to the exit by the naked eye. For theses reasons, the evacuation guidance system is highly important. However, the evacuation guidance system without change of direction has the risk that introduce to the dangerous area. In the evacuation safety assessment scenario by the evacuation simulation has the same problem. Because the evacuee in the simulation evacuate by the shortest route to the exit, the simulation result is same like the evacuation without the evacuation guidance system. In this study, it was used with MAS (Multi Agent System)-based simulation program including the evacuation guidance system to implement the change of evacuation by fire. Using this method, confidence of evacuation safety assessment can be increase.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2017

Emergency lights and exit signs are an indispensable part of safety precautions for effective evacuation in case of emergency in public buildings. These emergency sign indicates safe escape routes and emergency doors, using an internationally recognizable sign. However visibility of those signs drops drastically in case of emergency situations like fire smoke, etc. and loss of visibility causes serious problems for safety evacuation. This paper propose a novel emergency light and exit sign built-in with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Beacon to assist the emergency self-guiding evacuation using devices for crisis and emergency management to avoid panic condition inside the buildings. In this approach, the emergency light and exit sign with the BLE beacons deployed in the indoor environments and the smart devices detect their indoor positions, direction to move, and next exit sign position from beacon messages and interact with map server in the Internet / Intranet over the available LTE and/or Wi-Fi network connectivity. The map server generate an optimal emergency exit path according to the nearest emergency exit based on a novel graph generation method for less route computation for each smart device. All emergency exit path data interfaces among three system components, the emergency exit signs, map server, and smart devices, have been defined for modular implementation of our emergency evacuation system. The proposed exit sign experimental system has been deployed and evaluated in real-time building environment thoroughly and gives a good evidence that the modular design of the proposed exit sign system and a novel approach to compute emergency exit path route based on the BLE beacon message, map server, and smart devices is competitive and viable.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

지하상가는 특성상 출입구에 문을 설치할 경우 피난안전에 미치는 영향을 더 면밀하게 분석할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이미 사용 중에 있는 지하상가의 출입구 중 일부 출입구에 문을 설치하는 경우에 대해 CFAST로 화재시뮬레이션을 수행하고 그 결과를 building EXODUS 피난시뮬레이션의 위험인자로 활용하여 화재위험을 고려한 피난해석을 하였다. 지하상가의 6개 출입구 중에 2곳에 문을 설치할 경우에 대해 화재피난과 일반피난으로 나누어 1,088명에 대해 피난해석을 하였다. 일반피난의 경우는 문 설치에 따른 영향이 거의 없었으나 화재피난의 경우는 문 설치로 인해 약 110초의 피난지연이 발생하였다. 또 자동문이 설치된 경우는 자동문이 열리지 않을 때가 문 설치 전보다 670초 피난지연이 발생하였다. 따라서 자동문은 화재감지기와 연동하여 개방된 상태로 정지하도록 설치되어야 하고, 문을 설치할 경우 피난안전을 위해 피난유도표시를 보강하는 것도 필요하다.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2005

본 연구는 건축물내의 완전 암흑상태에서 축광유도타일이 피난에 미치는 영향을 측정하기 위하여 조사하였다. 실험조사는 대구 Fire EXPO '05에 실험 장치를 전시하여 엑스포 관람자 520명을 대상으로 2005년 5월 26일부터 29일까지 실시되었다. 실험 조사결과 안전 암흑상태일 때 피난자세는 남자의 경우 70%, 여자는 72%가 벽을 더듬으며 피난한 반면에 축광유도타일이 설치된 경우에는 남자의 경우 88%, 여자의 경우 83%가 선채로 피난을 한 것으로 나타났다. 공공건물의 바닥에 축광유도타일을 설치하면 화재시 정전이 되더라고 평소와 다름없이 피난을 할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2017

Nowadays, the most of commercial buildings are build-out with complex architecture and decorated with more complicated interiors of buildings so establishing intelligible escape routes becomes an important case of fire or other emergency in a limited time. The commercial buildings are already equipped with multiple exit signs and these exit signs may create confusion and leads the people into different directions under emergency. This can jeopardize the emergency situation into a chaotic state, especially in a complex layout buildings. There are many research focused on implementing different approached to improve the exit sign system with better visual navigating effects, such as the use of laser beams, the combination of audio and video cues, etc. However the digital signage system based emergency exit sign management is one of the best solution to guide people under emergency situations to escape. This research paper, propose an intelligent evacuation route GUIDE that uses the combination centralized Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and digital signage for people safety and avoids dangers from emergency conditions. This proposed system applies WSN to detect the environment condition in the building and uses an evacuation algorithm to estimate the safe route to escape using the sensor information and then activates the signage system to display the safe evacuation route instruction GUIDE according to the location the signage system is installed. This paper presented the prototype of the proposed signage system and execution time to find the route with future research directions. The proposed system provides a natural intelligent evacuation route interface for self or remote operation in facility management to efficiently GUIDE people to the safe exit under emergency conditions.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 긴급 재해 발생 시 피난 지원을 목적으로 하는 긴급피난지원시스템을 구축하기 위하여 실내에서 화재, 테러 등의 재해 발생 시 탈출 경로 탐색 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 긴급 상황이 발생하면 알고리즘은 가장 빨리 탈출할 수 있는 비상구로 탈출 경로를 안내해 준다. 알고리즘은 비상구나 비상구 이외의 지역의 인구 밀도와 연령별 가중치를 적용하여 탈출 경로를 계산한다. 본 시스템은 혼잡한 비상구를 우회하게 함으로써 비상구의 과중한 혼잡과 탈출 경로 상의 혼잡을 감소시키면서 재해 발생 지역을 우회하여 탈출하도록 돕는다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.363-373
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• 2018

고층 공동주택에서 화재시 현관문을 통해 탈출이 불가능할 경우를 대비해 발코니를 통해 피난이 가능하도록 피난시설을 설치한다. 이는 공동주택 세대의 양방향 피난이 가능하게 하며, 이로 인해 인명피해를 줄일 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 양방향 피난시설인 경량 칸막이, 발코니 대피 공간, 실내형 하향식 피난구의 특징을 살펴보고 이들의 문제점을 개선한 실외형 하향식 피난구를 제시하고 경제성에 대해 분석하였다. 화재 발생 시 피난자는 전통식 피난구를 사용할 때보다 하향식 피난구를 사용할 때 능동적인 탈출 가능 여부를 더 자율적으로 판단 할 수 있다. 따라서 피난자의 피난방식에 따라 피난소요시간에 미치는 영향을 고려하여 계단식과 하향식 피난구를 통한 4가지 피난방식의 피난 소요시간은 시뮬레이션 pathfinder를 활용하여 비교분석하였다. 피난 소요 시간 단축을 위한 적합한 대피방식을 예측 분석 판단하였다. 본 연구의 결과 고층 아파트 하향식 피난구는 계단식보다 총 피난소요시간을 단축할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2005

As multiplex theaters are increasing rapidly in number, concerns over the evacuation process in case of fire emergency are also increasing. The study investigates the users' awareness and recognition of evacuation route by the method of questionnaire, and analyzes the users' behavior in choosing the route by the simulation program called Simulex. Among others, findings indicate a vast majority of the users are unaware of the proper route in the emergency, yet anticipate to evacuate by it, instead of the entry/exit route that they are familiar with. This aspect, however, can be useful to provide the proper route of evacuation for the users, if an appropriate information is given that the entry/exit route is also used as an emergency egress. The simulation shows heavy congestion at the closer evacuation route from the exit, and distinctly less traffic at the farther means of egress. Based on this natural phenomenon, it is suggested that the emergency stair should be nearby and aligned with the exit from auditorium. Although the present building regulation only requires a minimum dimension at each route, there is a need to widen the passageway that is likely to be recognized easily and subsequently overcrowded in case of fire emergency.