• 의료법학
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.307-322
• /
• 2009

More than 80% of Japanese still want to face death at home, but only 10% of them can have his/her last moments of life at home. On the other hand, the end-of-life care has been a big issue in both ethical and economic aspect because of euthanasia and healthcare costs. It is generally known that the end-of-life care spends much more than the care for nonterminal years. This study approaches the key for the end-of-life care and suggests a desirable solution.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2020년도 제62차 하계학술대회논문집 28권2호
• /
• pp.301-302
• /
• 2020

The number of abandoned dogs were increasing every year in South Korea. However, many dogs are euthanized in the shelter because of the lack of budget. This project predicts euthanasia of abandoned dogs using machine learning algorithm. It collects data from the public data portal where Korea government provides a public dataset as a form of open API. This project uses recent three-year data 2017 to 2019 and 263371 cases were founded. This project implements random forest and logistic regression models. This project attained an average 72% of prediction accuracy.

• 의료법학
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.285-308
• /
• 2012

The Korean supreme court said that Mrs Kim who was in a persistent vegetative state had a right to die if she had a presumed will or assumption of dying against Severance hospital in 2009. Presumed would be vague and can not be subjective to conjecture though, the court had a developed trial on the case. I recommend the higher valued notion such as the 'right to decide on the life extension' is more logical than assumptive will. To achieve this recommendation, I will search right to life, right to decision, human dignity and find the good relationship between them. In conclusion, I will announce that if PVS patients without advanced directives aren't able to express their will and no one could not assume their right to die in spite of meaningless life extension. So only the due and strict procedure about the extinction of meaningless PVS patients will allow them to sacrifice themselves or remove life extension ventilators. Also active euthanasia would be possible under the strict procedure of making advanced directives and the act of helping active euthanasia additionally, the crime of abetting suicide would not be executed in the legal scope.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권sup3호
• /
• pp.239-243
• /
• 2016

This article investigates ethical challenges cancer patients face in the end stages of life including doctors' responsibilities, patients' rights, unexpected desires of patients and their relatives, futile treatments, and communication with patients in end stages of life. These patients are taken care of through palliative rather than curative measures. In many cases, patients in the last days of life ask their physician to terminate their illness via euthanasia which has many ethical considerations. Proponents of such mercy killing (euthanasia) believe that if the patient desires, the physician must end the life, while opponents of this issue, consider it as an act of murder incompatible with the spirit of medical sciences. The related arguments presented in this paper and other ethical issues these patients face and possible solutions for dealing with them have been proposed. It should be mentioned that this paper is more human rational and empirical and the views of the legislator are not included, though in many cases human intellectual and empirical comments are compatible with those of the legislator.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.264-275
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Periodontitis is considered a local risk factor for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). However, little is known about the progression of periodontitis in the presence of zoledronic acid (ZOL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the systemic use of ZOL on the progression of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats, as ZOL could modulate the progression of periodontitis and concomitantly cause MRONJ in individuals with periodontitis. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in 6 groups (n=8 each). To induce EP, ligatures were placed around the right first mandibular molars. Three groups were treated with ZOL (0.15 mg/kg/week, intraperitoneal), and 3 with 0.9% saline solution (controls). In the ZOL/Lig30 and ZOL/Lig 15 groups, after 4 weeks of treatment with ZOL, EP was induced and euthanasia was performed after 30 and 15 days of EP induction, respectively. In both groups, the animals continued to receive ZOL after EP until the end of the experiment. In the Lig/ZOL group, EP was induced first, and 15 days later, ZOL was administered for 8 weeks, with euthanasia 1 week after the last dose. After euthanasia, the mandibles were evaluated using micro-computed microtomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometry. Bone loss was measured, and the presence of osteonecrosis was evaluated histologically. The data were evaluated using the Student t-test and the Mann-Whitney test, with a significance level of 5%. Results: In the Lig/ZOL group, micro-CT revealed less alveolar bone resorption in the distal root (P<0.01) than in the control group (Lig/Con). Histomorphometric analysis confirmed less alveolar bone resorption in the Lig/ZOL group (P=0.001). Histologically, osteonecrosis was more common in the ZOL groups. Conclusion: ZOL decreased alveolar bone resorption in rats with EP. However, it presented a higher risk for MRONJ.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2014년도 제49차 동계학술대회논문집 22권1호
• /
• pp.307-308
• /
• 2014

본 논문은 대학에서의 팀 프로젝트 학습이 어떻게 수행되고 있는지를 고찰한 것이다. 논의된 결과, 학생들은 조별 활동을 함에 있어서 SNS를 적극 활용함을 알 수 있었다. 이는 주제의 선정이라든지 각자의 역할을 수행하기 위해서는 시공간의 제약을 극복해야 하기 때문이다. 또한 팀 프로젝트를 발표하는 과정에서 학생들은 주제에 맞는 다양한 시청각 자료들을 활용함을 알 수 있었다. 이는 팀 프로젝트를 수행하는 과정에서 요청되는 커뮤니케이션의 극대화를 위한 최선의 전략이기 때문이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제58권3호
• /
• pp.213-229
• /
• 2005

The first and the longest criminal indictment case of Korean medico-legal battle, so called BORAMAE Hospital Incident, was finally on its end by Korean Supreme Court's decision on June 24, 2004, after 7 years long legal dispute via Seoul District Court and Seoul Superior Appeal Court's decision. Boramae Hospital case was the first Korean legal case of Withdrawing Life-sustaining treatment of mechanical respirator on 58 years old Extradural Hematoma victim who was on Respirator under Coma after multi-organ failure postoperatively(APACHE II score: 34-39). Two physicians who have involved patient's care and had helped to make discharge the Near-death patient to home after repeated demand of patient's wife, due to economic reason, were sentenced as homicidal crime. This review article will discuss the following items with the review of US cases, Quinlan(1976), Nancy Cruzan(1990), Barber (1983), Helen Wanglie(1990), Baby K (1994) and Baby L cases, along with Official Statement of ATS and other Academic dignitaries of US and World.: [1] Details of Boramae Hospital incident, medical facts description and legal language of homicidal crime sentence. [2] The medical dispute about the legal misinterpretation of patient's clinical status, regarding the severity of the victim with multi-organs failure on Respirator under coma with least chance of recovery, less than 10% probability. [3] Case study of US, of similar situation. [4] Introduction of ATS official Statement on Withdrawing/ Withholding Life sustaining treatment. [5] Patient Autonomy as basic principle. [6] The procedural formality in Medical practise for keeping the legitimacy. [7] The definition of Medical Futility and its dispute. [8] Dying in Dignity and PAS(Physician Assisted Suicide)/and/or Euthanasia [9] The Korean version of "Dying in Dignity", based on the Supreme Court's decision of Boramae Hospital incident (2004.6.24.) [10] Summary and Author's Note for future prospects.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.165-169
• /
• 2010

Recently, the number of stray dogs is proportionate to the increase of the number of the companion dogs. Sarcoptic scabiei var canis, causing scabies, is one of the most important canine zoonotic arthropods in Korea and around the world. Thus, we have tried to know the prevalence of canine scabies in the stray dogs in Korea. A total of 565 stray dogs were collected from the rescue centers all over the country from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2006. They were grouped with euthanasia or natural death and examined for the gender and age estimated by dental formula. To identify the lesions, the whole body was grossly examined and tested pathologically. Thirty two (5.66%) of 565 dogs were diagnosed as canine scabies. Dogs from urban areas had fewer scabies (0.62%) than those of rural areas (12.5%). Prevalence of scabies in male and female dogs was no difference as 5.96% and 5.25%. Euthanasia group showed higher prevalence (6.48%) than natural death group (2.44%) in scabies. Old dogs over five years showed lower infestration (1.82%) in scabies. In histopathological findings, there were mites in the burrows formed in the subcorneal space. Acanthosis, hyperkeratosis with crust, and vascular dilatation were main findings. One hundred thirteen (20%) of 565 stray dogs were diagnosed to have skin disease. Among them, canine scabies is the most prominent ectoparasite as 5.66 %. With previous reports on human infection in Korea, canine scabies must be regarded as the important zoonotic canine skin disease. Accordingly, for the human and canine hygiene it is imperative that stray dogs with skin problems are segregated and tested for the parasites to treat properly as soon as arriving at rescue shelter.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.389-406
• /
• 1992

This study was designed to identify nursing students' attitudes toward life through a Q-methodology. A Q-sample was formed through a review of the literature and interviews(n＝160)l The final Q-sample consisted of 37 statements out of an initial 100 statements after consultation with an expert panel and pilot testing. The P-sample consisted of 14 university nursing students and 27 junior college nursing students, which was selected by convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed by the Q-analysis method. The correlation between type 2 and type 3 was relatively high (r＝0.539) ; that between type 1 and type 3 was lowest (r＝0.014). The first type of attitude was the “rational utilitarian” type. Students in this type valued life relative to the quality of life. They agreed with euthanasia and artificial abortion if the quality of life was threatened. The criteria for their judgement were scientific knowledge and rationality. The second type of attitude was the “Christian deontologic” type. These students appreciated the sanctity of life according to Christian dogma. They disagreed with euthanasia and artficial abortion. And they disagreed strongly that life should be created by scientific development, because only God creates life. The third type of attitude was the “unconditional deontologic” type. These students agreed with the sanctity of life, not from Christian belief but from belief in the sanctity of life. The final type of attitude was the “prima facie(conditional) deonologic” type. These students appreciated the value of life and humanity. They expressed concern for others' life and suffering. They do not want to afflict others with their own miseries. This group showed a dual value system toward themselves and others. So they experience conflict between their concern for their on and others' conditions. These nursing students' values may have been influenced by their clinical experience in hospitals and other nursing fields. Through this study, we may realize the importance of education in nursing ethics for discussion of ethical conflicts and to support ethical nursing practice.

• 의료법학
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.263-305
• /
• 2009

Is it lawful to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment applied to a patient in a terminal condition or permanent unconscious condition? In Korea, there are no such laws or regulations which control affairs related to the withholding or withdrawal life-support treatment and active euthanasia as the Natural Death Act or the Death with Dignity Act in the U. S. A. And in addition there has had no precedent of Supreme Court. Recently Supreme Court has pronounced a historical judgment on a terminal care case. The court allowed the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment from a patient in a permanent unconscious state. Fundamentally the court judged that the continuation of that medical treatment would infringe dignity and value of a patient as a human being. And the court required some legal grounds to consider such withdrawal or withholding of medical care lawful. The legal grounds are as follow. First, the patient is in a incurable and irreversible condition and already entered a stage of death. Second, the patient executed a directive, in advance, directing the withholding or withdrawal of life-support treatment in a incurable and irreversible condition or in a terminal condition. Otherwise, at least, the patient's will would be presumed through his/her character, view of value, philosophy, religious faith and career etc. I regard if a patient is in a incurable and irreversible condition or in a terminal condition, the medical contract between a patient and a doctor would be terminated because of the actual impossibility of achievement of it's purpose. So I think the discontinuation of life-sustaining care would be legally allowed without depending on the patient's own will.