• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 2009

Two naturalized species, Euphorbia dentata Michx. and Securigera varia (L.) Lassen were newly reported from Korea. Euphorbia dentata, "Top-Ni-Dae-Geuk", was found from Jungbu Highway, Daechang-ri, Daechang-myeon, Yeongcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do. It is distinguished from E. pulcherrima by its life form, which is herbaceous, and its upper leaves, which are uniformly green. Securigera varia, "Wang-Gwan-Gal-Kwi-Na-Mul", was found from Hangang, Yeouido, Seoul. The genus Securigera is unrecorded in Korea and distinguished from genus Hedysarum by rose-colored flowers, a peduncle 5-10 cm and by having dense umbels at the tips of the peduncles.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 2011

Two naturalized plants (Euphorbiaceae) were recorded from Busan Metropolitan City and from the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. Euphorbia heterophylla L. (A-me-ri-ka-dae-geuk) was found in a park near Suyeong-gang, Allak-dong, Dongnae-gu, in Busan Metropolitan City. This species is distinguished from E. dentata by its alternating leaves of main stem and glands of involucres with a circular opening. Euphorbia hirta L. (Teol-ttang-bin-dae) was found in Yerae village, Yerae-dong, Seogwipo-si, in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. It is distinguished from E. hypericifolia as it has capsules with hairs.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.389-403
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• 2008

Seed morphological studies of 12 species of sect. Zygophyllidium and related Poinsettia using light and scanning electron microscopy were conducted to test the hypotheses of the sectional boundaries and species relationships. Characteristics of seeds, and the keys of identification of 12 species were presented. Seeds of 12 species were divided into 6 types based on the UPGMA tree from numerical analyses using nine seed characters. Type I, including E. uniglandulosa, is characterized by the foveolate seed with granulate testa cells. Type II, including species E. exstipulata, E. lagunensis, E. bilobata, E. hexagonoides and E. chersonesa, was recognized by the presence of inter-cellular granules among testa cells. Type III, including E. cyathophora, has a seed with acute apex, and concentric circles on the surface of testa cells. Type IV, including species of E. dentata and E. pentadactyla, has a seed with caruncle and lacking inter-cellular granules among testa cells. Type V, including E. hexagona, was characterized by the ovate seeds and lacking inter-cellular granules. Type VI, including E. eriantha and E. lacera, was recognized by the seeds with rectangular shape with caruncle. Based on the seed morphology, sect. Zygophyllidium should be defined only species with E. exstipulata, E. lagunensis, E. bilobata, E. hexagonoides and E. chersonesa. E. hexagona, traditionally included in this section, was closely related to E. dentata from Poinsettia.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.195-208
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• 2006

Using light and scanning electron microscopy morphological studies of pollens were conducted to determine the sectional boundary and the relationships among eight species of section Zygophyllidium and its five related species of subg. Poinsettia. Pollen characters of 13 species were described, and their diagnostic keys were presented here. Based on the sculpturing patterns and the results of numerical analysis using 10 pollen characters 13 species were divided into four Pollen types: type I, having micro-reticulate shaped pollen (E. hexagona, E. lagunensis, E. hexagonoides and E. bilobata), type II, having reticulate shaped pollen (E. delicatula, E. extipulata, E. dentata, E. heterophylla, E. pulcherrima and E. cyathophora), type III, micro-reticulate shaped pollen with platten muri (E. lacera), and type IV, haying foveolate shaped pollen grains (E. chersonesa and E. eriantha). The results of pollen morphological studies suggest that the sect. Zygophyllidium should be delimited based on only four species, E. hexagona, E. lagunensis, E. hexagonoides and E. bilobata, E. delicatural and E. exstipulata of sect. Zygophyllidium must be transferred to subg. Poinsettia based on pollen morphology. E. eriantha and E. chersonesa having forveolate sculpturing pattern of pollen grains seem to be closely related with species from subg. Agaloma, and additional studies of these species are needed to determine the species relationships within Agaloma group.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.373-390
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• 2015

This study investigated the effect of coated feed using mixed oil on rumen fermentation characteristics. Two experiments were conducted based on materials that were mixed. First, cashew nut and soybean oils were mixed with white mineral oil. And second, different plant extracts were mixed with white mineral oil. At first experiment, inclusion levels of mixed oil on diet (0.03%, 0.1%, 0.5%) were applied as variables. A coated diet was fermented with rumen inoculum according to in vitro rumen fermentation and its parameters were investigated. In the result of first experiment, no negative effects on rumen pH were found. Significantly decreased dry matter digestibility was detected at 0.5% treatment (P<0.05). Total gas productions in control and 0.03% were significantly greater than those of others (P<0.05). Significantly reduced methane productions were found in all treatments compared to the control (P<0.05). Inclusion of mixed oil did not affect on ammonia production. Total volatile fatty acid production was also not influenced by coating with mixed oils. Rumen fermentation parameters were greatly changed according to introduced plant extracts at second experiment. The significantly lowest and greatest ammonia productions were found at treatments with Ixeris dentata and Plantago asiatica, respectively (P<0.05). The significantly greatest acetate and propionate productions were detected at treatments with Crucuma longa and Zizyphus vulgaris 1, respectively (P<0.05). All treatments, except Chrysanthemum idicum, Euyale ferox seed, Moringa leaf and fruit and Zizyphus vulgaris 1, showed significantly increased total volatile fatty acid production compared to the control (P<0.05). Only Paeonia lactiflora showed significantly lesser gas production than the control (P<0.05). In methane production, Ceramium, Zizyphus, Paeonia, Agrimonia, Torilis, Mugwort, Foeniculum, Euphorbia, Taraxacum, Artemisia, Momordica, Curcuma and Moringa reduced methane significantly compared to the control (P<0.05).