• 의학교육논단
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2016

Assessment tools for non-academic qualities such as ethics frequently employ hypothetical scenarios to lay out a contextual framework underlying the corresponding criteria of assessment. Due to the context-specific nature of the assessment criteria, details of the scenarios become very important in obtaining accurate results. This study aims to explore how medical school applicants differ in ethical decision making depending on the types of ethical dilemma scenarios, and how they correlate with academic achievements after admission. In 2014, all 82 applicants invited for an admission interview for a graduate-entry program were asked to complete a questionnaire comprised of 13 hypothetical scenarios. There were three domains (unethical business decisions, unethical academic decisions, and sexual quid pro quos) and participants were made to choose between the profitable-but-unethical choice or the unprofitable-but-ethical choice, using a four-point Likert-type scale. On average, tendencies toward unethical decisions were lowest for sexual favors ($1.34{\pm}0.46$), and highest for gaining academic advantages ($2.22{\pm}0.56$). Unethical decisions for academic advantages and sexual benefits showed significant correlation respectively with the female gender and those who graduated from overseas universities. In addition, the propensity for choosing unethical academic decisions was significantly correlated with high academic achievements in medical school (r=0.396). Not only does this study demonstrate that different levels of ethical decision making depend on the scenarios, but also those differences may be a determinant factor in subsequent academic performances in medical school. In conclusion, given the possible influence of the details of the hypothetical scenarios to the applicant's responses, careful consideration must be given during their development.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

Purpose : This study compares experiences of ethical dilemma between nurses working in intensive care units and those in general units under specific situations of treatment decisions and confidentiality. Method : This cross-sectional descriptive study utilizes the self-report survey method. The survey questionnaires were completed by 50 and 52 nurses working in intensive care units and general units, respectively. The instrument, which consisted of 16 items of ethical dilemma situations about treatment decision and confidentiality, was used. The mean scores for each item were compared between the two groups. Results : The study found no differences in terms of age, gender, education level, clinical experience in years, and being educated on healthcare ethics. For 9 out of 16 items, the mean scores of nurses in intensive care units were significantly higher than those of nurses in general units. Conclusions : Nurses in intensive care units experienced ethical dilemmas regarding treatment decisions and confidentiality more often than those in general units. This study emphasizes the need to establish strategies for improving the ethical competence of critical care nurses.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3785-3792
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• 2013

This study aimed to discover to what extent ethical issues are considered in the reimbursement decision process based on health technology assessment (HTA) in Korea, especially for oncology medications. Public summary documents (PSDs) published by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) were analyzed for empirical and normative factors. For external comparison, PSDs presented by corresponding institutions of Australia and the United Kingdom were employed. Furthermore, the opinions of eight expert oncologists were obtained regarding the accountability of the evidence in PSDs. Among 7 oncology drugs, there were differences in the final decisions and empirical factors considered, such as selected comparators and interpretation of evidence between the PSDs from the three institutions. From an ethical viewpoint, the following matters were deficient in the HTA decision-making process for oncology drugs: clear and reasonable standards; identifying and evaluating ethical values; and public accountability for reasonableness about decisions and due process.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.53-76
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• 2008

본 연구는 아동보호전문기관 사회복지사들의 윤리적 딜레마와 의사결정을 중심으로 연구를 진행하여 그들의 윤리적 고충을 이해하는 동시에 실천적이고 정책적인 제언을 하는 데에 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 수행을 위하여 질적연구방법론 중에서도 현상학적 연구방법을 사용하였고, 14명의 아동보호전문기관 사회복지사와의 인터뷰 내용을 Colaizzi(1978)의 분석단계에 따라 분석하였다. 총 8개의 주제묶음과 26개의 소주제들을 통해 아동보호전문기관 사회복지사는 '정책/제도의 미흡함과 업무의 과다 속에서 피학대 아동을 만나면서 직접적이고 간접적인 윤리적 딜레마에 빠짐'을 대주제로 도출하고, 총 4개의 주제묶음과 9개의 소주제들을 통해 '책임과 부담을 떠안은 채로 최선이라 생각하며 의사결정을 수행함'을 대주제로 도출할 수 있었다. 이에, 이와 관련된 향후 논의점들을 제시하였다.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2013

Price skimming practices, false claim on products, false information/communication, marketing overseas, and deception on products in marketing have received significant attention by the researchers of ethics in marketing studies. This research considers these phenomena as marketing instruments that grossly violate the practice of ethics in this domain. The two most crucial parts in marketing that have received greater attention are product safety and advertising. The paper also examines Ethical Marketing as the ability to make marketing decisions that are morally right and acceptable to all. In order words, ethics in marketing explains how moral standards can be applied in marketing decisions. It seeks to answer the research question by looking at some fundamental business ethics theories, namely, Virtue ethics, Utilitarian, and Deontological approaches to business ethics. Nevertheless, ethics in business is very controversial as many hold different view about what makes up the standard morals that corporations should take and so it is necessary for any organization to formulate its ethical codes to follow.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2010

To examine the attitude of students toward animals and its relation to veterinary ethical decision making, 302 pre-veterinary and veterinary students of three national universities (Seoul, Chungbuk and Kyungsang National University) were requested to answer the Animal Attitude Scale Test, an indicator of one's pro-animal attitude. A significant gender difference in the AAS scores was found with higher scores in females (female vs. male, 65.27 vs. 57.40; p < 0.0001). The students who have companion animals had higher AAS scores (62.55) than those who donot (58.03, p < 0.0001). However, years of study and experience with animal protection activities did not affect the AAS scores. The correlation between the attitude toward animals and ethical decision making was found in the investigation with two cases of a veterinary ethical dilemma: the medical treatment of a cow in its last gestation stage with ocular squamous cell carcinoma and the euthanizing of a 12 year-old dog with urinary incontinence. The students tend to support for veterinarians to influence clients' decisions in treatment by using their power as medical professionals, even if doing so could partly damage the interests of the clients or patients. The significant correlations between the AAS scores and veterinary ethical decision making were found in this study, which implies that the attitude toward animals should be considered as one of the major factors in making ethical decisions in veterinary practice.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.67-77
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• 1998

A major purpose of this article is to provide ethical aspects in public health. This is not intended to establish theoretical and philosopical argument for issues of health care ethics, but intended to describe the necessity of ethics education in public health. The increase in medical science to sustain life and the failure to provide corresponding ethical guideline in public health have created new ethical problems. All members in public health trainning programs should not only have an interest in health care ethics, but also have an ability to reach decisions in ethical problems related to community. The goal of ethics education in public health is not to improve the moral character of health care providers but rather to provide them with the conceptual abilities and decision-making skills they will need to deal successfully with ethical issues in public health research and practice. Obviously. the ultimate goal is to increase awareness of human values in health care.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2017

본 연구는 간호대학생의 DNR에 대한 융합적 인식 및 윤리적 태도를 파악하여 DNR 환자간호에 도움이 되는 기초자료로 활용하고자 시도하였다. G광역시 4년제 간호대학생 306명을 대상으로 2016년 6월 1일부터 2016년 7월 10일까지 설문조사하였고, SPSS 23.0 Program을 이용하여 최종 분석하였다. 분석결과 DNR에 대한 인식은 DNR의 필요성, 환자와 가족의 의지에 의한 DNR 결정, 문서화된 지침서의 필요성에 찬성하였다. 윤리적 태도는 환자의 의지에 의한 결정, 치료범위, 설명 여부, 지침에 따른 결정에 찬성하였고, 주치의에 의한 결정, 기본간호 제공 감소에는 반대하였다. 일반적 특성에 따른 윤리적 태도는 학년, 임상실습경험, 윤리가치관에 대한 교육경험, DNR에 대한 교육경험, 삶에 대한 만족도, 죽음에 대한 가치관에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 DNR 결정에 관한 기준 및 지침을 마련하기 위한 지속적인 후속연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.57-71
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• 2019

본 연구는 청소년기 학생들의 소비행동을 분석하여 교육의 기초자료로 활용하고자 여학생들의 쇼핑성향에 따른 하위요인을 도출하고 이 하위요인에 따른 쇼핑유형을 분류하였다. 이 쇼핑유형의 집단에 따른 청소년 여학생의 의류제품의 윤리적 소비행동 즉 구매, 사용, 처분행동의 차이를 알아보았고, 쇼핑성향의 하위요인이 의류제품의 윤리적 구매, 사용, 처분행동에는 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 그 결과 청소년기의 여학생 의류제품의 윤리적 구매, 사용, 처분행동의 경향이 보통보다 낮아 교육이 필요함이 시사되었다. 그리고 쇼핑성향의 하위요인인 충성적 성향, 향유적 성향, 충동적 성향, 모방적 성향, 독립적 성향에 따라 즐거움추구 유형, 중간 유형, 독립추구 유형의 세 쇼핑유형으로 분류되었다. 즐거움추구 쇼핑유형은 상대적으로 의류제품의 윤리적 사용행동을 가장 많이 하였고, 독립추구 쇼핑유형은 윤리적 구매행동과 윤리적 처분행동을 더 많이 하였다. 쇼핑자체를 즐기는 욕구만족의 성향이 낮을수록 혼자서 의사결정을 신중하게 했다고 생각하는 경향이 높을수록, 그리고 구매상표와 점포에 대한 신뢰가 강한 능동적인 성향이 높을수록 의류제품의 윤리적 구매행동을 더 많이 하였다. 반면 욕구만족의 성향과 독립적인 성향을 모두 가진 경우 윤리적 사용행동은 더 많이 하였다. 그리고 혼자서 구매의사결정을 하는 독립적 성향만 높을수록 윤리적 처분행동은 높아졌다. 소비단계와 쇼핑성향에 적합한 세분화된 소비자교육이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.335-344
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• 2020

본 연구는 코로나-19로 인한 신종감염병 대유행 상황에서 간호대학생의 신종감염병에 대한 인식과 윤리 인식, 윤리적 의사결정 수준을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 H읍과 Y시의 간호대학생 3, 4학년 194명이며 2020년 5월 1일부터 6월 20일까지 자료를 수집, SPSS 24.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 연구대상자의 신종감염병에 대한 인식은 보통수준이며 윤리 인식과 윤리적 의사결정은 높은 수준이었다. 본인이나 가족의 신종감염병 감염경험이 있는 대상자가 그렇지 않은 대상자보다 윤리 인식과 윤리적 의사결정 수준이 더 높았다. 신종감염병에 대한 인식은 신종감염병 관련 윤리 인식(r=.291, p<.001), 윤리적 의사결정(r=.143, p=.046)과 양의 상관이 있고, 감염병 관련 윤리 인식은 윤리적 의사결정과 양의 상관(r=.274, p<.001)이 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 감염병 대유행 시 간호대학생들의 올바른 윤리적 의사결정을 돕기 위한 교육 프로그램 개발을 제안한다.