• Title/Summary/Keyword: Essential minerals

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Evaluation of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D and some biomarker parameters levels in children with favsim disease in the Basrah Governorate-Iraq

  • Ashwaq A. Shenta;Khansaa S. Saud;Ali A. A. Al-Shawi;Mustafa F. Hameed
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.65 no.4
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    • pp.329-335
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    • 2022
  • Essential minerals are important for human health because they support biochemical reactions in metabolism and may play a role in the development of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD). We investigated the relationship between calcium, magnesium, urea, creatinine, total protein, glucose and vitamin D levels in G6PD deficiency in this study. The control group consisted of 40 people (23 females and 17 males) and the patient group consisted of 50 people (20 females and 30 males), all of whom were between the ages of (1-12 years). The findings revealed that the calcium level in patients, depending on sex factor, has a highly significant increase (p <0.0001) when compared to the control group, especially in children who are females rather than males who are affected by G6PD deficiency. In addition, the level of magnesium was found to be significantly different (p <0.0001) in children male patients when compared to the control group. On the other side, the level of total protein was found to be significantly high in children patients (p <0.01) when comparing with control group, and the levels of urea, creatinine and glucose were found to be highly significant increase (p <0.001) in patients when comparing to healthy groups, vitamin D levels were significantly lower (p <0.0001) with G6PD deficiency comparing to control group. In conclusion, the low and high significant associations between vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, urea, creatinine, and glucose indicate that more research is needed to better understand their roles in G6PD development.

The Content Analysis of Amino Acids Including GABA of Chlorella protothecoides under Mixtrophic Culture (혼합영양 배양에서 Chlorella protothecoides의 GABA를 포함한 아미노산 함량 분석)

  • Jeong, Yu Jeong;Kim, Seong Hak;Min, Hee Gyung;Kim, Sung Chun
    • Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.18-25
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    • 2018
  • Chlorella is quantitatively and qualitatively high in protein with balanced essential amino acid profiles, vitamins and minerals. ${\gamma}-Aminobutyric$ acid (GABA) is broadly distributed in nature and fulfills multi-physiological functions including effect such as a health-promoting functional compound. To improve the GABA production, Chlorella protothecoides were grown through the modified mixtrophic culture medium containing 2L of sterilized bristol medium with 0.01% urea and 4.0% glucose in a 5L fermenter. The results showed that nineteen kinds of amino acid including GABA at C. protothecoides sample were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Glutamic acid in total concentration (%) of amino acid is the most abundant amino acid (33.10%), followed by alanine (20.48%) and GABA (17.48%). Three amino acids including GABA were responsible for more than 70% total concentration in C. protothecoides sample including eight essential and nine non-essential amino acids: aspartic acid, asparagine, serine, glutamine, histidine, glycine, threonine, arginine, tyrosine, valine, methionine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine. As a result of this experiment, it is expected that Chlorella will be developed to a critical product having high value as, GABA, functional food materials.

Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) Application to Mineral Formation (전자에너지 손실분광 분석법을 이용한 광물에서의 정량적 철 산화수 측정과 분석)

  • Yang, Kiho;Kim, Jinwook
    • Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.73-78
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    • 2016
  • The oxidation states of structural Fe in clay minerals often reflect the paleo-redox conditions of the depositional environments. It is inevitable to utilize the high resolution of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the mechanism of mineral transformation at nano-scale. The applications of TEM- electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) for quantification of $Fe(III)/{\Sigma}Fe$ from the K-nontronite formation associated with structural Fe(III) reduction in nontronite under deep subseafloor environment were demonstrated. In particular, quantification of the changes in Fe-oxidation state at nanoscale is essential to understand the mechanisms of minerals formation. The procedure of EELS acquisition, quantitative determination of Fe-oxidation states, and advantages of EELS techniques were discussed.

Cooking Properties of Buckwheat Noodles Added Aster scaber $T{HUNB}$ Juice (참취 즙액 첨가가 메밀국수의 조리 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 이상영;이은영;심태흠;오덕환;강일준;정차권;함승시
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.501-507
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    • 1998
  • This study was aimed to determine the cooking properties of noodles when dfferent concentrations of Aster scaber THUNB(AST) juice were added to the buckwhenat and wheat flours. Also, physicochemical effects of the noodles and compositions of the noodles and compositions of the noodle soup after cooking were determined. Buckwheat flour and AST contained greater amounts of minerals and essential amino acids than wheat flour. The contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the buckwheat noodle added AST juice increased as the concentrations of AST juice increased. Hydration capacity of buckwheat flour was higher than that of wheat flour when AST juice was added to flours. The added amounts of AST juice did not affect the volume and the weight of the noodles, but those were increased as cooking time proceeded. The release of proteins and minerals from the buckwheat noodle added AST juice increased as cooking time progressed and also at the added concentrations of AST juice increased. Texture indices showed lower values as the amount of added juice increased. In sensory evaluation, the scores of color, flavor and overall acceptability of the buckwheat noodle added AST juice were higher than those of the control.

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Importance of micronutrients in bone health of monogastric animals and techniques to improve the bioavailability of micronutrient supplements - A review

  • Upadhaya, Santi Devi;Kim, In Ho
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.33 no.12
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    • pp.1885-1895
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    • 2020
  • Vitamins and minerals categorized as micronutrients are the essential components of animal feed for maintaining health and improving immunity. Micronutrients are important bioactive molecules and cofactors of enzymes as well. Besides being cofactors for enzymes, some vitamins such as the fat-soluble vitamins, vitamin A and D have been shown to exhibit hormone-like functions. Although they are required in small amount, they play an influential role in the proper functioning of a number of enzymes which are involved in many metabolic, biochemical and physiological processes that contribute to growth, production and health. Micronutrients can potentially have a positive impact on bone health, preventing bone loss and fractures, decreasing bone resorption and increasing bone formation. Thus, micronutrients must be provided to livestock in optimal concentrations and according to requirements that change during the rapid growth and development of the animal and the production cycle. The supply of nutrients to the animal body not only depends on the amount of the nutrient in a food, but also on its bioavailability. The bioavailability of these micronutrients is affected by several factors. Therefore, several technologies such as nanoparticle, encapsulation, and chelation have been developed to improve the bioavailability of micronutrients associated with bone health. The intention of this review is to provide an updated overview of the importance of micronutrients on bone health and methods applied to improve their bioavailability.

Assessing the effects of mineral content and porosity on ultrasonic wave velocity

  • Fereidooni, Davood
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.399-406
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    • 2018
  • The influences of mineral content and porosity on ultrasonic wave velocity were assessed for ten hornfelsic rocks collected from southern and western parts of the city of Hamedan, western Iran. Selected rock samples were subjected to mineralogical, physical, and index laboratory tests. The tested rocks contain quartz, feldspar, biotite, muscovite, garnet, sillimanite, kyanite, staurolite, graphite and other fine grained cryptocrystalline matrix materials. The values of dry unit weight of the rocks were high, but the values of porosity and water absorption were low. In the rocks, the values of dry unit weight are related to the presence of dense minerals such as garnet so not affected by porosity. The statistical relationships between mineral content, porosity and ultrasonic wave velocity indicated that the porosity is the most important factor influencing ultrasonic wave velocity of the studied rocks. The values of P-wave velocity of the rocks range from moderate to very high. Empirical equations, relevant to different parameters of the rocks, were proposed to determine the rocks' essential characteristics such as primary and secondary wave velocities. Quality indexes (IQ) of the studied samples were determined based on P-wave velocities of them and their composing minerals and the samples were classified as non-fissured to moderately fissured rocks. Also, all tested samples are classified as slightly fissured rocks according to the ratio of S-wave to P-wave velocities.

Pasting and Nutritional Characteristics of Black Rices Harvested in Korea

  • Chung, Hyun-Jung;Lim, Seung-Taik
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.231-235
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    • 1999
  • Three black rices(Suwon 415, Iksan 427 and Sanghaehyanghyeolla) harvested in Korea were examined in their pasting characteristics, and minor nutrients(vitamins and minerals) in comparison to those of a brown rice (Dongjinbyo), whereas Iksan 427 and Sanghaehyanghyeolla were waxy rices(0.4 and 0.6%, respectively). Iksan 427 and Sanghaehyanghyeolla showed similar viscosity pattern with significantly low pasting temperatures and viscosity. Brown rice showed higher pasting viscosity and pasting temperature than black rices, and its viscosity pattern was similar to Suwon 415. Brown rice and Suwon 415 displayed higher hardness but lower adhesiveness of their gels. Black rices contained more non-carbohydrate components and dietary fiber than brown rice. From the amino acid analysis, black rices contained more acid amino acids (aspartic and glutamic acids) than brown rice. Among the black rices, Suwon 415 had the highest content of total essential amino acids(4.3%). Black rices also contained higher amounts of vitamin B complexes (thiamin, riboflavin and niacin) and minerals(K, Mg and Ca) than brown rice. Sanghaehyanghyeolla showed an exceptionally high amount of Ca (12mg%).

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Research on Hyperlipidemia Improvement and Diet Fresh Convenience HMR Product Development (고지혈증 개선 및 다이어트를 위한 신선편의형 HMR 제품개발에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Joo-Baek;Ahn, Hong;Kwaon, Soon-Mu;Kim, Mi-Ji
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.159-166
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study was to explore the marketability by developing a fresh HMR product for improving hyperlipidemia and dieting for elderly chronic disease patients and young people pursuing healthy beauty. The diet menu increased the ratio of fresh vegetables and mushrooms, and chicken breast and cheese were used as protein sources. By using whole grains, the supply of vitamins and minerals was strengthened while minimizing calories. Regarding the recipe, the diet menu was mainly prepared in the form of salads, risotto, and pasta. In the hyperlipidemia improvement menu, the proportion of fresh vegetables was increased, and as protein sources, pork shank, tofu, seafood, etc. with minimal fat were used. As a carbohydrate source, whole grains were mainly used to minimize calories while strengthening the supply of vitamins and minerals. In the recipe, it was prepared in the form of steamed or bibim-myeon, and it was also produced in a form such as paella. As a result, the developed menu was analyzed as low-calorie and evenly comprised of essential nutrients, which can satisfy palatability and nutrition.

Extractive Metallurgy and Recycling of Cobalt (코발트의 제련과 리사이클링)

  • Sohn, Ho-Sang
    • Journal of Powder Materials
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.252-261
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    • 2022
  • Cobalt is a vital metal in the modern society because of its applications in lithium-ion batteries, super alloys, hard metals, and catalysts. Further, cobalt is a representative rare metal and is the 30th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. This study reviews the current status of cobalt extraction and recycling processes, along with the trends in its production amount and use. Although cobalt occurs in a wide range of minerals, such as oxides and sulfides of copper and nickel ores, the amounts of cobalt in the minerals are too low to be extracted economically. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) leads cobalt mining, and accounts for 68.9 % of the global cobalt reserves (142,000 tons in 2020). Cobalt is mainly extracted from copper-cobalt and nickel-cobalt concentrates and is occasionally extracted directly from the ore itself by hydro-, pyro-, and electro-metallurgical processes. These smelting methods are essential for developing new recycling processes to extract cobalt from secondary resources. Cobalt is mainly recycled from lithium-ion batteries, spent catalysts, and cobalt alloys. The recycling methods for cobalt also depend on the type of secondary cobalt resource. Major recycling methods from secondary resources are applied in pyro- and hydrometallurgical processes.

Magnetic Mineral Identification in Meteorites (잔류자화비를 이용한 운석의 자성광물 판별)

  • Kim, In-Ho;Yu, Yong-Jae
    • Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.31-36
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    • 2011
  • Meteorites are extraterrestrial solid rock fragments that fell from the outer space. Investigating mineral magnetic properties of the Meteorites is essential in understanding the evolution of planets and asteroids in the Solar System. In particular, magnetic characterization of magnetic mineral can provide constraints on the progress of differentiation in ancient planetary bodies. In the present study, ratio of thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) over saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) was applied to diagnose the magnetic minerals in meteorites and igneous rocks. Distinctive classification of TRM/SIRM suggests that kamacite, tetrataenite, magnetite, and (Cr,Ti)-rich iron oxide are responsible for the magnetization of H5 Richardton, LL6 St. Severin, ALH84001, and DaG476, respectively. The TRM/SIRM ratio could be an efficient tool in identifying magnetic minerals especially when rocks or meteorites contain unstable material under heating.