• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.193-200
• /
• 2007

목적: 식도암에서 동시적 항암화학방사선치료 전 MDM2, p53, pRb 발현양상이 치료반응 및 생존율 등 치료결과와 연관성이 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: AJCC 병기 $I{\sim}IVa$로 근치적 목적의 동시적 항암화학방사선요법을 받은 51명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 방사선치료는 일일 $1.8{\sim}2.0$ Gy씩 원발병소에 중앙값 54 Gy를 시행하였고 항암화학요법은 CDDP/5-FU를 4주 간격으로 4회 시행하고 첫 2회는 방사선치료와 동시에 시행하였다. MDM2, p53, pRb 발현의 검출은 치료 전 내시경하 조직생검을 이용하여 면역조직화학 염색방법을 이용하였다. 단백발현 양성종양세포가 50%이상인 경우를 고발현군으로 정의하였다. 전체 환자의 중앙 추적관찰기간은 26개월이었다. MDM2, p53, pRb 고발현군은 각각 19.6%, 27.5%, 66.7% 이었다. 그러나 이들의 발현 정도와 치료반응, 종양특이 생존율, 전체 생존율 등 모두 유의한 연관성은 없었다. 연령(65세 이하 vs. 초과), 종양의 위치(상부, 중앙부, 하부),종양의 길이(5 cm이하 vs. 초과). 병기($I{\sim}II$ vs. $III{\sim}IVa$), MDM2 (저발현 vs. 고발현), p53 (저발현 vs. 고발현), pRb (저발현 vs. 고발현), 병리학적 완전관해여부, 임상적 완전관해여부 등 9개 요인들을 대상으로 종양특성 생존율에 대한 다변량 분석에서 병리학적 완전관해여부(RR 12.100, p<0.001)와 병기(RR 3.300, p=0.028) 만이 유의한 인자들이었다. 결 론: 본 연구에서 MDM2, p53, pRb의 치료 전 발현양상과 치료결과와 의미있는 연관성은 발견할 수 없었다. 향후 상기 발현인자들을 포함하여 잠재적인 예후인자로서 새로운 다른 발현인자들을 발굴하고 보다 많은 증례 수를 대상으로 추적기간을 보강하여 이들을 재평가하는 연구가 요망된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권22호
• /
• pp.9661-9666
• /
• 2014

Background: A number of studies have identified a shared susceptibility locus in phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCE1) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (GCA). However, the results of PLCE1 expression in esophageal and gastric cancer remain inconsistent and controversial. Moreover, the effects on clinicopathological features remain undetermined. This study aimed to provide a precise quantification of the association between PLCE1 expression and the risk of ESCC and GCA through meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Eligible studies were identified from PubMed, Wanfang Data, ISI Web of Science, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Using RevMan5.2 software, pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to assess the association of PLCE1 expression with clinicopathological features relative to ESCC or GCA. Results: Seven articles were identified, including 761 esophageal and gastric cancer cases and 457 controls. Overall, we determined that PLCE1 expression was associated with tumor progression in both esophageal cancers (pooled OR=5.93; 95%CI=3.86 to 9.11) and gastric cancers (pooled OR=9.73; 95%CI=6.46 to 14.7). Moreover, invasion depth (pooled OR=3.62; 95%CI=2.30 to 5.70) and lymph node metastasis (pooled OR=4.21; 95%CI=2.69 to 6.59) were linked with PLCE1 expression in gastric cancer. However, no significant associations were determined between PLCE1 overexpression and the histologic grade, invasion depth, and lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer. Conclusions: Our metaanalysis results indicated that upregulated PLCE1 is significantly associated with an increased risk of tumor progression in ESCC and GCA. Therefore, PLCE1 expression can be appropriately regarded as a promising biomarker for ESCC and GCA patients.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.10-14
• /
• 2009

목적: 식도암에서 수술 후 방사선치료 및 방사선 단독 치료의 효과를 검증하고 예후 인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1989년부터 2006년까지 방사선치료를 받은 132명의 환자를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 35명은 제2병기 88명은 제3병기 9명은 제4병기 환자였다. 상부 식도암이 18명, 하부 식도암이 33명이었으며 중등부 식도암이 81명이었다. 60명에서는 방사선 단독 치료를 시행하였고 72명은 수술 후 방사선치료를 받았다. 8명에서는 40 Gy 이하를 조사하였으며 78명에서는 40내지 50 Gy를 조사하였다. 나머지 46명은 50내지 60 Gy를 조사 받았으며 수술 후 방사선치료를 받은 대부분의 환자는 45 Gy를 조사받았다. 결과: 전체 환자의 2년 및 5년 생존율은 24% 및 5%이었고 중앙 생존기간은 11개월이었다. 수술 후 방사선치료군의 2년 및 5년 생존율은 19% 및 8%, 방사선 단독치료군의 2년 및 5년 생존율은 18% 및 2%이었다. 제2병기, 제3 병기 및 제4병기 환자의 2년 및 5년 생존율은 각각 43% 및 15, 22% 및 2, 0% 및 0% 이었으며 이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 상부, 중등부, 하부 식도암의 2년 생존율은 각각 19, 29, 22%이었으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 방사선 단독치료군에서 13명(22%)은 완전관해를, 40명(67%)은 부분관해를 보였고 7명(12%)은 반응을 보이지 않았다. 완전관해를 보인 환자군이 부분관해를 보인 환자군보다 더 나은 2년 생존율을 나타내었다(31% vs 17%). 결론: 식도암에서 방사선치료는 효과적이고 유용한 치료 방법이었으며 병기 및 방사선치료에의 반응 정도가 유의한 예후인자이었다. 그러나 식도암의 장기 생존율 및 예후가 만족스럽지 못하므로 더욱 효과적인 치료 방법의 개발이 향후 필요하리라 사료된다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.162-165
• /
• 1999

Background and Objectives: Multiple primary tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract are not unusual. We examined head and neck cancer patients to discover the presence of second primary cancer in their upper gastrointestinal tract, using esophagogastroscopy. Materials and Methods: Endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract was performed on 51 patients whose head and neck cancers were treated at department of therapeutic radiology from August 1996 to April 1999. Two of all patients had been studied by barium swallowing study. In 51 patients, twenty-four had a primary tumor in the larynx, 8 in the oropharynx, 6 in the nasopharynx, 6 in the oral cavity, 6 in the hypopharynx, and 1 in the nasal cavity. Endoscopically pathologic lesions were biopsied. In control group, endoscopy was performed on 1097 patients who didn't complain any symptoms. Results: Endoscopy showed early malignant lesions in 4 cases(7.7%). Histology of esophageal cancers showed squamous cell carcinoma. Malignant lesions of stomach in 2 cases were histologically identified as adenocarcinoma. Two esophageal cancers occurred in patients whose primary lesions had oropharynx and hypopharynx. Two cases of gastric cancer were also accompanied by oropharynx and hypopharynx. The incidence of second primary cancer was 2 in oropharynx and 2 in hypopharynx. In all cases, second primary cancers were found simultaneously. In control group, 9(0.8%) of 1097 patients were confirmed as early esophageal and gastric cancers. Conclusion: The majority of esophageal and gastric cancer detected by endoscopy were early stage in both head and neck cancer and control group. The incidence of esophageal and gastric cancer of head and neck cancer patients was 10 times as high as that of control group. Although followup period was short, all second primary cancers were detected simultaneously. We would recommend that endoscopic evaluation be included in the workup and followup of all patients with newly diagnosed head and neck cancer.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.104-114
• /
• 2024

Licochalcone C (LCC; PubChem CID:9840805), a chalcone compound originating from the root of Glycyrrhiza inflata, has shown anticancer activity against skin cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the therapeutic potential of LCC in treating colorectal cancer (CRC) and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Chemotherapy for CRC is challenging because of the development of drug resistance. In this study, we examined the antiproliferative activity of LCC in human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells, oxaliplatin (Ox) sensitive and Ox-resistant HCT116 cells (HCT116-OxR). LCC significantly and selectively inhibited the growth of HCT116 and HCT116-OxR cells. An in vitro kinase assay showed that LCC inhibited the kinase activities of EGFR and AKT. Molecular docking simulations using AutoDock Vina indicated that LCC could be in ATP-binding pockets. Decreased phosphorylation of EGFR and AKT was observed in the LCC-treated cells. In addition, LCC induced cell cycle arrest by modulating the expression of cell cycle regulators p21, p27, cyclin B1, and cdc2. LCC treatment induced ROS generation in CRC cells, and the ROS induction was accompanied by the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 kinases. Moreover, LCC dysregulated mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and the disruption of MMP resulted in the release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm and activation of caspases to execute apoptosis. Overall, LCC showed anticancer activity against both Ox-sensitive and Ox-resistant CRC cells by targeting EGFR and AKT, inducing ROS generation and disrupting MMP. Thus, LCC may be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of Ox-resistant CRC cells.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.64-71
• /
• 2001

배경: 최근 치료법의 진보에도 불구하고 진행성 식도암의 예후는 5년 생존율이 10% 이하로매우 불량하기 때문에 식도암에 대한 새로운 치료방법의 하나로 암면역 치료가 대두되고 있다. 암면역 치료를 위해서 MAGE 등 종양 특이항원이 연구의 대상이 되고 있으나 국내에서는 아직 이에 대한 연구가 없다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 1월부터 1998년 12월까지 고신대학교 복음병원 흉부외과에서 수술 치험한 125례의 식도암중 병리조직 보관상태가 양호한 편평세포암 79례를 병기에 따라(1병기 19례, IIa병기 19례, IIb병기 10례, III병기 21례, IV병기 10례) 무작위로 추출하고 대조군으로 평활근종 20례와 정상 식도점막 20례를 대조군으로 하여 DO7 단클론 항체와 항 MAGE-3 단클론 항체 57B를 이용하여 면역조직화학검사를 시행하여 변형 p53 단백과 MAGE-3 유전자 산물의 발현율을 조사하고 식도암 조직에서 질병의 진행도를 반영하는 병기에 따른 발현율 및 변형 p53 단백과 MAGE-3 유전자 산물의 발현율간의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 결과: 식도암조직에서 변형 p53 단백과 MAGE-3 유전자 산물의 발현율은 각각 51.9%, 60.8%의 발현율을 보였으나 식도평활근종과 정상 식도점막에서는 한례도 발현되지 않아 변형 p53 단백과 MAGE-3 유전자 산물은 대조군에 비해 식도암 조직에서 의미있게 발현되었다(p<0.001). 변형 p53 단백과 MAGE-3 유전자 산물의 발현은 I병기에서 68.4%, 52.6%, IIa병기에서 57.9%, 47.6%, IIb병기에서 60%, 70%, III병기에서 33.3%, 71.4%, IV병기에서 40%, 70% 각각 발현되어 병기에 따른 발현율의 차이는 없었다(p=0.193, p=0.452). 식도암 조직내에서 변형 p53 단백과 MAGE-3 유전자 산물의 발현간에는 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다(p=0.679). 결론: 이상의 결과로 변형 p53 단백과 MAGE-3 유전자 산물의 발현은 식도암에서 예후인자로서의 역할은 할수 없으나 식도 편평세포 암조직에서만 특이하게 높은 빈도로 발현됨으로써 식도암도 면역치료의 대상이 될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.799-804
• /
• 2006

Ingestion of green tea has been shown to decrease prostaglandin $E_2$ levels in human colorectum, suggesting that tea constituents modulate arachidonic acid metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the effects of four purified green tea catechins, (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), on the catalytic activity of cytosolic phospholipase $A_2$ ($cPLA_2$) and release of arachidonic acid and its metabolites from intact cells. At $50\;{\mu}M$, EGCG and ECG inhibited $cPLA_2$ activity by 19 and 37%, respectively, whereas EC and EGC were less effective. The inhibitory effects of these catechins on arachidonic acid metabolism in intact cells were much more pronounced. At $10\;{\mu}M$, EGCG and ECG inhibited the release of arachidonic acid and its metabolites by 50-70% in human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) and human esophageal squamous carcinoma cells (KYSE-190 and 450). EGCG and ECG also inhibited arachidonic acid release induced by A23187, a calcium ionophore, in both HT-29 and KYSE-450 cell lines by 30-50%. The inhibitory effects of green tea catechins on $cPLA_2$ and arachidonic acid release may provide a possible mechanism for the prevention of human gastrointestinal inflammation and cancers.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.662-665
• /
• 2009

식도, 위, 폐 그리고 구강에 동시 발생한 다발성 원발암에 대해 보고하고자 한다. 65세 남자 환자가 구강 내 종괴에 대해 상피세포암을 진단받고 광범위 절제술을 시행 받았다. 수술 후 정확한 병기 결정을 위해 시행한 검사에서 식도암, 위암 그리고 폐암이 추가로 확인되었다. 저자들은 상기 세가지암에 대하여 한 차례 수술로 근치적 절제술을 시행하여, 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었기에 이에 대해 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.67-69
• /
• 2018

The development of office-based, unsedated transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE) has proven to be a major technological advance and with time and experience the application of this technology is becoming more widespread. TNE has allowed otolaryngologists to perform a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in the office setting. Studies consistently demonstrate that the image quality and diagnostic capability of TNE is equivalent to conventional esophagoscopy. The modern TNE endoscopes offer high quality optics, air-insufflation, and irrigation capability through a 2-mm working channel, and the ability to perform biopsies and select procedures. In general, the role of TNE in the head and neck patient is three-fold : to screen for synchronous and metachronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ; to differentiate post-treatment changes/symptoms from malignancy ; and to perform certain office-based procedures. TNE offers many specific advantages to the head and neck patient that are not afforded by conventional esophagoscopy. Because of surgical and postirradiation changes, many HNSCC patients have trismus or neck stiffness preventing completion of conventional transoral esophagoscopy. Perhaps most importantly, TNE provides enhanced patient safety, increased tolerability, better practice efficiency, and cost savings. For these reasons, TNE has become a particularly useful tool in the otolaryngologist's armamentarium.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.1797-1802
• /
• 2014

Background: The prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A) genes encode enzymes that are involved in arachidonic acid and prostaglandin biosynthesis. Dysregulation of both genes is associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We therefore hypothesized that there is an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes and susceptibility to ESCC. Methods: We performed a gene-wide tag SNP-based association study to examine the association of SNPs in PTGS2 and PLA2G2A with ESCC in 269 patients and 269 healthy controls from Taihangshan Mountain, Henan and Hebei Provinces, the rural area of China which has the highest incidence of esophageal cancer in the world. Thirteen tag SNPs in PLA2G2A and 4 functional SNPs in PTGS2 were selected and genotyped using a high-throughput Mass Array genotyping platform. Results: We found a modest increased risk of ESCC in subjects with the PTGS2 rs12042763 AA genotype (OR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.00-3.04) compared with genotype GG. For PLA2G2A, a decreased risk of ESCC was observed in subjects with the rs11677 CT (OR=0.51, 95%CI, 0.29-0.85) or TT genotype (OR=0.51, 95%CI, 0.17-0.96) or the T carriers (CT+TT) (OR=0.52, 95%CI, 0.31-0.85) when compared with the CC genotype. Also for PLA2G2A, rs2236771 C allele carriers were more frequent in the control group (P=0.02). Subjects with the GC (OR=0.55, 95%CI, 0.33-0.93) or CC genotype (OR=0.38, 95% CI, 0.16-0.94) or the C carriers (GC+CC) (OR=0.52, 95%CI, 0.32-0.85) showed a negative association with ESCC susceptibility. Conclusions: Our results suggest that PTGS2 and PLA2G2A gene polymorphisms may modify the risk of ESCC development.