• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.622-626
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• 2007

A 1.6-year-old, intact male beagle dog was presented with three day history of odynophagia and anorexia. According to the history and radiographic findings, the patient was diagnosed with esophageal and gastric foreign body due to ingesting fishhooks. Gastroesophagoscopy revealed that one fishhook located in the thoracic esophagus cranial to the heart base and the other located in the cardia region were connected with a single fishing line. Gastrotomy was performed to remove the fishhook in the cardia region and to sever the connecting fishing line. After gastrotomy, endoscopic attempts to remove the esophageal fishhook with a three, five pronged endoscopic grasping forceps, and a biopsy were unsuccessful because the fishhook was embedded deeply in the mucosa membrane. A handmade cerclage wire(16G) shaped like a snare forceps was advanced into the esophagus while visualizing the fishhook endoscopically. The cerclage wire was used to hang and retract the foreign body. The fishhook was retracted orally, resulting in successful removal. Ten days after the operation, the patient fully recovered and was discharged.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1107-1114
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• 1991

We have experienced fourteen patients of esophageal perforation at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital during the period from mar. 1980 to Oct. 1990. The ratio between male and female patients was 5 : 9, and their age ranged from 22 years to 69 years. The causes of th eesophageal perforation were iatrogenic in 6 cases, foreign body 5 cases, diverticulitis 2 cases, and postpneumonectomy 1 case. The locations were cervical esophagus in 2 cases, upper thoracic in 2 cases, mid-thoracic 4 cases, and lower thoracic 6 cases. The underlying diseases associated with perforation were lye stricture, diverticulum, achalasia, and postpneumonectomy empyema. The treatments were supportive in 6 cases and combined with surgical measures in 8 cases. surgical measurs were as follows : incision and drainage in 2 cases, esophagectomy with esophagogastrostomy 3 cases, esophagocardiomyotomy with partial fundoplication in 1 case, simple closure with myoplasty and thoracoplasty 1 case, and empyema drainage and gastrostomy 1 case. There was no mortality.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.633-637
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• 1993

Twenty-five patients with perforation of esophagus were managed at Pusan National University Hospital, from 1981 to 1993. The hospital course of 14 of these patients was evaluated with a special emphasis on the cause and location of perforation, clinical presentation, time elapsed from perforation to treatment, method of treatment, and outcome. Patients with anastomotic leak and cancer were excluded.The perforation was iatrogenic in 7 patients, spontaneous in 5, ingestion of foreign body in 1, and traumatic in 1. There were 7 cervical perforations, 2 upper thoracic perforations, and 5 lower thoracic perforations. Chest pain, fever, and dyspnea were frequent symptoms. Esophagography was most diagnostic [11 patients] but thoracentesis was of little diagnostic aid.Antibiotics were administered intravenously to all patients:hyperalimentation was accomplished intravenously in 11, and nasogastric suction was used in all cases. No patient required any surgical procedure, minor or major.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.8.5-9
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• 1981

Foreign body in the esophagus is not uncommon in the otolaryngological field and esophageal perforation followed by mediastinitis is one of the most serious complications. Authors had experienced such case developed in 69 year old female patient. This woman swallowed a piece of sharp glass accidentally. Severe pain and swelling around the neck developed after ingestion. Marked subcutaneous emphysema was noted on first examination. By esophagoscopy, longitudinal laceration at right lateral wall of the cervical esophagus was noted and a lot of food debries were removed through this perforation, but foreign body could not be found. On third hospital day, patient complained chest pain and dyspnea. Mediastinal widening was noted on chest P-A. Tracheostomy was performed on next day and neck swelling decreased much. In spite of massive antibiotics, mediastinal abscess was developed and external drainage was performed on 15th hospital day. She was discharged on 38th hospital day with marked improvement and recovered completely on follow-up study. Still, we do not know where the foreign body is located.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1987.05a
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• pp.17.3-18
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• 1987

식도이물은 이비인후과영역에서 흔히 접하는 질환이며, 그 예는 국내외를 막론하고 대단히 많은 보고가 있는데, 그 종류도 다양하여 지역, 시기, 민족, 생활환경, 생활양식, 개인의 습관, 오락, 취미 등에 따라 각양각색이다. 대부분의 식도이물은 식도경하에서 적출이 가능하지만, 특별한 경우에는 외과적 수술에 의해서만 적출이 가능하다. 최근 저자들은 양고기 뼈(절단된 관절 연골부)가 식도 제삼 협착부에 수평으로 체류하여 식도 직달경 하에서 여러가지 감자로 적출을 시도하였으나 실패하여, 외과적 수술로 적출한 1례를 경험하여, 이에 문헌적 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1976.06a
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• pp.87.4-88
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• 1976

The statistcal study was done on 81 cases of the foreign bodies in the food passages (73 cases) and air passages (8 cases), who had visited the Dept. of Otolaryngology of Kyung Hee Medical Center and treated endoscopically, from Nov. 1971 to Mar 1976. The results were as follows, 1) The incidence of esophageal foreign bodies (73 cases) in order of frequency was coin (61 cases; 83.6%), bone (6 cases; 8.2%), food particles (3 cases; 4.1%), discs (2 cases), and other metals (l case). The incidence of foreign bodies in the air passages (8 cases) was food particles (3 cases; 37.5%), pointed metal (2 cases; 25%), plastic pencil cap (l case), plastic ring (1 case), and wood piece (1 case) in order. 2) In sex distribution, 51 cases (62.9%) were males and 30 cases (37.1%) were females, and the ratio between males and females was about 1.7 : 1.3. In the age incidence, 69 cases (82.5%) of all foreign bodies were under 5 years of age, and especially, coin cases were 59 cases (96.7%) and the highest was 8 years of age, lowest was 11 months of age. 7 cases (87.5%) of all airway foreign bodies were under 10 years of age. 4) The ratio between the food passages(73 cases) and the air passages (8 cases) was about 9 : 1. In the location of the foreign bodies of the food passages, 66 cases (90.4%) were in the first esophageal narrowing, 5 cases (6.9%) in the second narrowing, and 2 cases (2.7%) in the third narrowing. In the air passages, the frequent sites were trachea (5 cases; 62.5%), larynx (2 cases), and bronchus (1 case) in order. 5) In duration of lodgement, 63 cases (86. 3%) of esophageal foreign bodies were removed within 24 hours, and one case was removed within 16 days. The number of cases lodged within 24 hours were 4 cases (50%). in the air passages and one case was removed within 18 days. 6) In treatment, 37 cases (50.7%) of esophageal foreign bodies were extracted by modified upper esophagoscopy, 33 cases (42.5%) by esophagoscopy under the local anesthesia, 3 cases (4.1%) by esophagoscopy under the general anesthesia. 8 cases of the coin cases were passed into the stomach during the endoscopic examination. Laryngeal foreign bodies (2 cases; 25%) were extracted by laryngoscopy under the local anesthesia. 2 cases (40%) of tracheal foreign bodies by Bronchoscopy with tracheotomy under the local anesthesia, 3 cases (60%) by Bronchoscopy under the general anesthesia, and bronchial foreign body (1 case) by open thoracotomy under the general anesthesia, at the Dept. of Chest surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.705-709
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• 2010

Background: Esophageal injury requires early and proper management. We want to determine the results of various esophageal injuries. Material and Method: We respectively analyzed 22 patients who were managed for esophageal injury between 1999 and 2009. Based on the medical records, we reviewed the causes of injury, the diagnoses, the treatment methods, the complications and the prognosis. Result: The main causes of esophageal injury were a foreign body in 9 cases (41%) and vomiting in 5 cases (23%). We treated the patients with esophageal primary repair in 12 cases (55%), abscess drainage in 4 cases (18%) and conservative management in 6 cases (27%). There was esophageal leakage in 7 cases (32%) and death occurred in 3 cases (14%). Conclusion: For minor esophageal injury, conservative management was sometimes possible to treat the esophagus, yet aggressive and urgent surgical treatment should be applied for cases of major esophageal injury, including mediastinal abscess.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.132-141
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• 2019

Foreign body (FB) ingestion of children is a common pediatric emergency requiring medical attention. Pediatric emergency physicians and gastroenterologists often encounter nervous and distressed situations, because of children presenting with this condition in the common clinical practice. When determining the appropriate timing and indications for intervention, physicians should consider multiple patient- and FB-related factors. The utilization of a flexible endoscopy is considered safe and effective to use in these cases, with a high success rate, for the effective extraction of FBs from the gastrointestinal tract of a child. Additionally, a Foley catheter and a magnet-attached Levin tube have been used for decades in the case of FB removal. Although their use has decreased significantly in recent times, these instruments continue to be used for several indications. Using a Foley catheter for this purpose does not require special training and does not necessarily require sedation of the patient or fluoroscopy, which serve as advantages of utilizing this method for foreign object retrieval. An ingested magnet or iron-containing FB can be retrieved using a magnet-attached tube, and can be effective to retrieve an object from any section of the upper gastrointestinal tract that can be reached. Simple and inexpensive devices such as Foley catheters and magnetattached tubes can be used in emergencies such as with the esophageal impaction of disk batteries if endoscopy cannot be performed immediately (e.g., in rural areas and/or in patients presenting at midnight in a facility, especially in those without access to endoscopes or emergency services, or in any situation that warrants urgent removal of a foreign object).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.759-762
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• 1996

Fifteen patients with esophageal perforation were treated at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovacular Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital during the period from June, 1985 to September, 1995. The ratio between male and female patients was 9 : 6, their age ranged from 19 years to 71 years old(a erage : 49 years old). The causes of the perforation were various, spontaneous in 4 cases, foreign body in 4 cases, instrumental trauma in ) cases, chest trauma in 1 case, drug ingestion (chlorocalchi) induced in 1 case, tracheostomy induced in 1 case, unknown in 1 case. The perforation sites were intrathoracic esophagus in 9 cases and cervical in 6 cases. The Patients complained of chest or cervi- cal pain in 11 cases, fever in 9 cases, dysphagia in 8 cases and dyspnea in 5 cases. We have performed the following surgical procedures : incision and drainage, primary repair, gastrostomy for cervical esophageal perf'oration and primary repair, primary repair and pleural flap reinforcement, gastrostomy for thoracic esophageal perforation. A patient died of sepsis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1998

Treatment of esophageal perforation when diagnosed late remains controversial. Ten consecutive patients since 1990 were treated late(later than 24 hours) for esophageal perforation with primary repair. Four perforations were iatrogenic, 3 were spontaneous, 2 were foreign body aspiraton and 1 was trauma. The interval from perforation to operation was 116 hours in mean and 48 hours in median value. The principles of repair included (1) a local esophagomyotomy proximal and distal to the tear to expose the mucosal defect and intact mucosa beyond, (2) debridement of the mucosal defect and closure, (3) reapproximation of the muscle, and (4) adequate drainage. The repair was buttressed with parietal pleura or pericardial fat in 9 patients. Associated distal obstruction was treated with dilation and esophagomyotomy intraoperatively. There was one mortality and cause of death was massive gastric bleeding due to gastric ulcer on 33rd day after operation. Five patients had leak at the site of repair and these cases were treated completely with conservative treatment except a mortality case. In conclusion, in the absence of malignant or irreversible distal obstruction, meticulous repair of perforated esophagus and adequate drainage are preferred approach, regardless of the duration from the injury to the operation.