• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2019

본 논문은 피난기구의 사용시간 실험분석을 통한 안전체험교육 개선에 관한 방향을 알아보기 위해 진행되었다. 연구를 위해 피 실험자들을 체격과 체중이 비슷한 그룹으로 나누어 구성하였고, 4가지 피난기구를 직접 체험하게 함으로서 체험시간을 측정하여 분석하였다. 피난기구 설치에서부터 탈출까지의 전체시간 분석에서 완강기-경사식구조대-수직구조대-공기안전매트 순으로 탈출시간이 소요되었다. 피난기구의 탈출시간만 분석했을 경우에는 공기안전매트-경사식구조대-완강기-수직구조대 순으로 탈출시간이 분석되었다. 완강기의 1차 2차 실험에서 나타난 것처럼 1차 시간은 경험 후에 2차 시도에서 시간이 줄어들었다. 이처럼 체험을 통한 교육은 행동의 자신감 증가와 시간의 관리가 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결론으로 안전교육의 목표는 인명과 재산피해의 최소화이고, 이를 위한 노력으로 많은 사람들에게 교육을 통해 최소화 하는 방법과 자신의 안전을 지키는 교육을 진행한다. 그러므로 더 많은 사람들에게 이러한 효과를 가져 오기 위해서는 체험교육을 통해 학습효과를 높이고, 자기안전을 지키게 하는 노력이 필요하다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2001

본 연구는 현재 급속히 확산되고 있는 대형 할인점의 지하 매장에 대한 피난성능 개선방안을 제시하기 위한 것으로 주요 내용은 다음과 같다. 할인매장의 건축적 공간 특성 및 피난 상 문제점 분석 지하매장의 거주밀도 분포조사 피난용량 적정성 검토를 위한 피난 시뮬레이션 연구결과, 매장의 실질적인 수용인원을 기준으로 적정피난용량을 결정해야 하며, 피난동선상에 있는임시 판매대, 쇼핑 카트, 그리고 피난층의 계산대가 피난에 중요한 장애요소로서 이에 대한 개선과 제도적 정비가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 피난시간을 기준 한 성능기준 피난설계 분석결과, 사례분석 대상 지하매장은 적정피난용량을 확보하지 못하고 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2013

기존 주민대피기준은 대부분 1990년대에 제안되어 최근의 기상이변으로 인한 집중강우와 지역특성을 반영하지 않고 각 지자체에서 획일적으로 적용하고 있어 계속해서 피해가 발생하고 있다. 따라서 최근의 증가된 집중강우특성과 지역별 특성 등을 반영한 급경사지-강우량에 대한 상관관계에 대한 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 급경사지 붕괴-강우데이터를 조사하여 강우량과 강우지속시간에 따른 붕괴시점을 분석하고 지방자치단체에서 신속히 주민을 대피시킬 수 있도록 새로운 주민대피기준(안)을 제시하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1017-1034
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• 2021

The "Escape the corset" movement raises the question of gender norms in dressing by rejecting the socially established ideal women's clothing. The context is similar to Rational dress of the 19th century, which claimed that women could also wear pants. Cartoons and webtoons reflect the characteristics of each era, including images and stories, and express social problems of the time implicitly and satirically. Thus, this study examined women's clothes expressed in cartoons and webtoons and analyzed their characteristics. The results are as follows. As an expression to the recipient of both clothes, women tried to form their identity through a rational attitude and break away from their embellishment, which was regarded as oppression from society. On the other hand, as an expression of the attitude of others towards the recipient of both clothes, people argued the changed appearance of women as a non-ideal form which should be corrected. This study is significant for proving that the dressing contains gender norms of the time beyond the trends.

• 대한건축학회연합논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to present an analysis model for finding the correlation between visibility and evacuation time as users move in the outpatient department of the general hospital. The spatial scope of the study was limited to the first floor and second floor which are used for the outpatient department. Traffic density in outpatient departments was surveyed on site. Based on the surveyed traffic density, the evacuation simulation model was established for calculating the escape route and evacuation time for an individual user. The traffic density of the outpatient department as per the evacuation time was also calculated. With using evacuation simulations, the flow of evacuees was calculated through the density of traffic over the time of evacuation. Visibility data were set in the simulation model for users' escape routes. A correlation analysis between the product of evacuation flow measure and visibility measure of the evacuation population and evacuation time was performed. The analysis result showed negative correlation within a specific distance range. This study presented an analysis model showing that the evacuation condition considering spatial visibility in the outpatient department of general hospital visibility was negatively related to the analyzed evacuation time at the design stage.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2022

This study is a plan on the way to strengthen the survival ability by increasing the use time of air respirator by applying emergency breathing method in the situation where firefighter has to wait for RIT (Rapid Intervention Teams) because it is impossible to escape by himself or emergency escape during isolation during field activities. The research procedure first drew problems by conducting a survey on fire fighters under the Seoul Fire and Disaster Headquarters, and conducted an experiment to compare normal breathing and emergency breathing with 20 members of the Seoul 119 Special Rescue Team, and suggested emergency breathing method and training process modeling that can be applied to each field situation based on the data obtained. The experiment was conducted over 9 weeks, and it was divided into three categories: field activity situation, movement (emergency escape assumption) situation, and place (assume waiting for RIT). In the field activity situation experiment, it was confirmed that the application of skip breathing method was appropriate and the use time of air respirator increased about 1.6 ~ 1.9 times. In the moving situation or the in-situ situation, wheel breathing method was appropriate and the use time of air respirator increased about 1.6 ~ 2.4 times. However, when conducting intense activities in the field activity situation, it is recommended to use it limitedly because it is difficult to apply the emergency breathing method. If emergency breathing is not clearly learned in the body, it is difficult to use in the field, so I think systematic and continuous training is necessary. This study suggests that the application of emergency breathing method is effective enough to strengthen the survival ability of firefighters in the field.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2023

In accordance with the revision of "Special act on the safety control of publicly used establishments", this study is aim to measure the change in evacuation time due to whether safety facilities, etc. are installed of a room escape cafe business and kids cafe business(hereinafter referred to as "New publicly used establishments"), which were added as new targets of the publicly used business from June 8, 2022. In the case of new publicly used establishments or publicly used establishments whose owners are changed after the revision of the relevant laws, safety facilities, etc. are installed and maintained under the "Special act on the safety control of publicly used establishments", but in the case of existing businesses that have been operating even before the revision of the law, the business continues without safety facilities, etc. installed because the revised law is not retroactively applied. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the change in evacuation time by measuring the evacuation time to operating before the revision of the law to simulate evacuation at existing new publicly used establishments without safety facilities, etc. and measure the evacuation time at new publicly used establishments with safety facilities after the revision of the law

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2001

An investigation of the sensitivity depletion laws for rhodium SPNDs was performed to reduce the uncertainty of the sensitivity depletion laws used in Combustion Engineering (CE) reactors and to develop calculational tools that provide the sensitivity depletion laws to interpret the signal of the newly designed rhodium SPND into the local neutron flux. The calculational tools developed in this work are computer programs for a time-dependent neutron flux distribution in the rhodium emitter during depletion and for a time-dependent beta escape probability that a beta particle generated in the emitter escapes into the collector. These programs provide the sensitivity depletion laws and show the reduction of the uncertainty by about 1 % compared to that of the method employed by CE in interpreting the signal into the local neutron flux. A reduction in the uncertainty by 1 % in interpreting the signal into the local neutron flux reduces the uncertainty tv about 1 % in interpreting the signal into the local power and lengthens the lifetime of the rhodium SPND by about 10% or more.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.191.2-191.2
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• 2015

Details of carrier dynamics in self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) with a particular attention to nonradiative processes are not only interesting for fundamental physics, but it is also relevant to performance of optoelectronic devices and the exploitation of nanocrystals in practical applications. In general, the possible processes in such systems can be considered as radiative relaxation, carrier transfer between dots of different dimensions, Auger nonradiactive scattering, thermal escape from the dot, and trapping in surface and/or defects states. Authors of recent studies have proposed a mechanism for the carrier dynamics of time-resolved photoluminescence CdTe (a type II-VI QDs) systems. This mechanism involves the activation of phonons mediated by electron-phonon interactions. Confinement of both electrons and holes is strongly dependent on the thermal escape process, which can include multi-longitudinal optical phonon absorption resulting from carriers trapped in QD surface defects. Furthermore, the discrete quantized energies in the QD density of states (1S, 2S, 1P, etc.) arise mainly from ${\delta}$-functions in the QDs, which are related to different orbitals. Multiple discrete transitions between well separated energy states may play a critical role in carrier dynamics at low temperature when the thermal escape processes is not available. The decay time in QD structures slightly increases with temperature due to the redistribution of the QDs into discrete levels. Among II-VI QDs, wide-gap CdZnTe QD structures characterized by large excitonic binding energies are of great interest because of their potential use in optoelectronic devices that operate in the green spectral range. Furthermore, CdZnTe layers have emerged as excellent candidates for possible fabrication of ferroelectric non-volatile flash memory. In this study, we investigated the optical properties of CdZnTe/ZnTe QDs on Si substrate grown using molecular beam epitaxy. Time-resolved and temperature-dependent PL measurements were carried out in order to investigate the temperature-dependent carrier dynamics and the activation energy of CdZnTe/ZnTe QDs on Si substrate.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.471-526
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• 2016

In order to investigate water flow characteristics after inrushing in process of karst tunnel excavation, numerical simulations for five case studies of water inrush from the tunnel floor are carried out by using the FLUENT software on the background of Qiyueshan high risk karst tunnel. Firstly, the velocity-distance curves and pressure-distance curves are drawn by selecting a series of probing lines in a plane. Then, the variation characteristics of velocity and pressure are analyzed and the respective optimized escape routes are made. Finally, water flow characteristics after inrushing from the tunnel floor are discussed and summarized by comparing case studies under the conditions of different water-inrush positions and excavation situations. The results show that: (1) Tunnel constructors should first move to the tunnel side wall and then escape quickly when water inrush happens. (2) Tunnel constructors must not stay at the intersection area of the cross passage and tunnels when escaping. (3) When water inrush from floor happens in the left tunnel, if tunnel constructors meet the cross passage during escaping, they should pass through it rapidly, turn to the right tunnel and run to the entrance. (4) When water inrush from floor happens in the left tunnel, if there is not enough time to escape, tunnel constructors can run to the trolley and other equipment in the vicinity of the right tunnel working face. In addition, some rescuing equipment can be set up at the high location of the cross passage. (5) When water inrush from floor happens in the cross passage, tunnel constructors should move to the tunnel side wall quickly, turn to the tunnel without water inrush and run to the entrance. (6) When water inrush from floor happens in the cross passage, if there is not enough time to escape, tunnel constructors can run to the trolley and other equipment near by the left or the right tunnel working face. The results are of important practical significance and engineering value to ensure the safety of tunnel construction.