• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.18 no.5 s.90
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• pp.48-52
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• 2006

A mixed adsorbent prepared by pyrolysing a mixture of carbon and flyash in 1:1 ratio was tested for its deceleration ability for three different classes of dyes, namely Astrazone Blue FRR(C.I. Basic Blue 69), Teflon Blue ANL(C.I. Acid Slue 125) and Verofix Red(Reactive Red 3GL). Equilibrium investigations were carried out at the optimum conditions obtained in the previous studies. The equilibrium data fitted reasonably well to both the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models. However the Langmuir model was more appropriate to describe the adsorption behavior of the dyes to the hybrid absorbent system compared with the Freundlich model. The mixed adsorbent cm be an low-cost alternative to activated carbons.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.557-560
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• 2008

In this paper, it discusses about the stability of rock slope of pyroclastic rock, which can easily meet at construction site. Basically carry out the investigation about the development of a surface of discontinuity, too. With that, it refers to the basic groups of sedimentary rock, treats of general details about investigation of rock slope and stability analysis, and discusses general characteristics and stability analysis case study about rock slope of pyroclastic rock. Achieved basic geological investigation on rock slope of pyroclasic rock, and examine the stability of slope by doing limit equilibrium and geometric stability analysis due to the result of investigation. It is considered to be able to accumulate many data about slope design of pyroclastic rock hereafter estimating degrees of rock mass properties of pyroclastic rock quantitatively.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.53.1-53.1
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• 2018

During a major solar eruption, the erupting plasma is possibly out of the equilibrium ionization state because of its rapid heating or cooling. The non-equilibrium ionization process is important in a rapidly evolving system where the thermodynamical time scale is shorter than the ionization or recombination time scales. We investigate the effects of non-equilibrium ionization on EUV and X-ray observations by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board Solar Dynamic Observatory and X-ray Telescope (XRT) on board Hinode. For the investigation, first, we find the emissivities for all the lines of ions of elements using CHIANTI 8.07, and then we find the temperature responses multiplying the emissivities by the effective area for each AIA and XRT passband. Second, we obtain the ion fractions using a time-dependent ionization model (Shen et al. 2015), which uses an eigenvalue method, for all the lines of ion, as a function of temperature, and a characteristic time scale, $n_et$, where $n_e$ and t are density and time, respectively. Lastly, the ion fractions are multiplied to the temperature response for each passband, which results in a 2D grid for each combination of temperature and the characteristic time scale. This is the set of passband responses for plasma that is rapidly ionized in a current sheet or a shock. We investigate an observed event which has a relatively large uncertainty in an analysis using a differential emission measure method assuming equilibrium ionization state. We verify whether the observed coronal plasmas are in non-equilibrium or equilibrium ionization state using the passband responses.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.297-299
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• 2015

In this paper we have examined the linear stability of triangular equilibrium points in the photogravitational restricted three body problem when both primaries are triaxial rigid bodies, the bigger one an oblate spheroid and source of radiation. The orbits about the Lagrangian equilibrium points are important for scientific investigation. A number of space missions have been completed and some are being proposed by various space agencies. We analyze the periodic motion in the neighbourhood of the Lagrangian equilibrium points as a function of the value of the mass parameter. Periodic orbits of an infinitesimal mass in the vicinity of the equilibrium points are studied analytically and numerically. The linear stability of triangular equilibrium points in the photogravitational restricted three body problem with Poynting-Robertson drag when both primaries are oblate spheroids has been examined by A. Kumar (2007). We have found the equations of motion and triangular equilibrium points for our problem. With the help of the characteristic equation we have discussed stability conditions. Finally, triangular equilibrium points are stable in the linear sense. It is further seen that the triangular points have long or short periodic elliptical orbits in the same range of ${\mu}$.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.238-250
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• 1998

Vapor-liquid equilibrium apparatus is designed and set up. The vapor-liquid equilibrium data of the binary system HFC125/134a are measured in the range between 268.15 and 283.15K at five compositions. Twenty-five equilibrium data are obtained. To verify consistency of these data, they are tested for thermodynamic consistency. Based upon the present data, the binary interaction parameter for CSD and RKS equation of state is calculated at five isotherms and comparison with the data in the open literatures is made. Results of Nagel and Bier are in very good agreements with those from this study within 0.32∼1.11% for bubble point pressure and －0.66∼0.18% for vapor mole fraction.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.527-535
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• 1997

Vapor-liquid equilibrium apparatus is designed and set up. The vapor-liquid equilibrium data of the binary system HFC32/134a are measured in the range between 258.15 and 283.15K at compositions of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mole fraction of HFC32. Twenty-two equilibrium data are obtained. Based upon the present data, the binary interaction parameter for Carnahan-Starling-De Santis equation of state is calculated. Temperature range of data is extended to 313.04K using the data in the open literatures. Interaction parameters are determined at nine isotherms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.341-344
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• 2008

Numerical simulations have been carried out for a supersonic two-dimensional flow over open, rectangular cavities (length-to-depth ratios are L/D = 1.0) in order to investigate the effect of non-equilibrium condensation of moist air on supersonic flows around the cavity for the flow Mach number 1.83 at the cavity entrance. In the present computational investigation, a condensing flow was produced by an expansion of moist air in a Laval nozzle. The results obtained showed that in the case with non-equilibrium condensation for L/D = 1.0, amplitudes of oscillation in the cavity became smaller than those without the non-equilibrium condensation. Furthermore, the occurrence of the non-equilibrium condensation reduced the peaks of power spectrum density and the frequency of the flow field oscillation increased in comparison with the case of $S_0$ = 0.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.112-117
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• 2000

A numerical study on natural convection in a vertical square cavity filled with a porous medium is carried out with Brinkman-Forchheimer-extended Darcy flow model, and the validity of local thermodynamic equilibrium assumption is studied. The local thermodynamic equilibrium refers to the state in which a single temperature can be used to describe a heat transfer process in a multiphase system. With this assumption, the analysis is greatly simplified because only one equation is needed to describe the heat transfer process. But prior to using this assumption, it is necessary to know in what conditions the assumption can be used. The numerical results of this study reveal that large temperature difference between fluid phase and solid phase exists near wall region, paticularily when the convection becomes dominant over conduction. And the influence of flow parameters such as fluid Rayleigh number, fluid Prandtl number, dimensionless particle diameter and conductivity ratio are investigated.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.119-125
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• 1993

The protein binding of salicylate analogs has been investigated by equilibrium dialysis. A series of binding experiments were performed in order to elucidate the effects of physicochemical properties of salicylate analogs on the binding with bovine serum albumin. Attempts to correlate affinity constants with capacity factor, steric factor and Hammett ${\sigma}$ values suggested hydrophobic forces to be involved in the binding of salicylate analogs. Steric factor contributes to binding process partly, whereas electronic interaction appears to be insignificant.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1963

This investigation is the studies on the solubility analysis for several pharmaceuticals. The equilibrium reactions leading to complex formation of Caffeine and Nicotinamide with Lidocaine and Saccharin have been studied. The equilibrium constant of each complexes have also been calculated. It is shown that complex formation may lead to an increase in the solubilities of the reactants, and that Nicotinamide has more complexing activity than Caffeine. The influence of chemical structure of each components on interaction is also discussed.