• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.420-427
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• 2010

바이러스 안전성이 보증된 무세포 소 양막 생물창상피복재 제조공정을 확립하고자 하였다. 기질세포를 제거하기 위해 효소(트립신)를 처리하는 공정과 바이러스를 불활화하기 위해 70% 에탄올, 0.05% sodium hypochlorite, 25 kGy 감마선 처리 공정을 포함하는 무세포 소 양막 제조공정을 확립하였다. 무세포 소 양막의 조직학적 분석과 전자현미경 분석 결과 면역거부반응을 일으킬 수 있는 상피층과 기질세포들이 잘 제거되었으며, 소 양막 콜라겐 섬유의 3차원적 구조가 잘 유지되어 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 상처치유효과가 있는 EGF, KGF, FGF와 같은 성장인자를 포함하고 있었다. 바이러스 불활화 효과를 검증하기 위해 국제적 가이드에 따라 4종의 바이러스(BHV, BVDV, BPIV-3, BPV)를 생물학적 지표로 사용하여 소 양막에 각 생물학적 지표를 첨가한 후각 바이러스 불활화 공정을 실시한 다음 각 바이러스를 회수하여 정량한 후 불활화 정도를 비교하였다. 24시간 70% 에탄올 처리 공정에서 BHV, BVDV, BPIV-3, BPV 모두 처리 시간 1시간 안에 검출한계 이하로 완벽하게 불활화되었다. 30분 0.05% sodium hypochlorite 처리 공정에서 BHV, BVDV, BPIV-3 같은 외피 바이러스는 BPV 같은 비-외피 바이러스에 비해 효과적으로 불활화되었다. 25 kGy 감마선 조사에 의해 BHV, BVDV, BPIV-3는 검출한계 이하로 완벽하게 불활화되었고, BPV도 효과적으로 불활화되었다. 3가지 바이러스 불활화 공정에서 BHV, BVDV, BPIV-3, BPV에 대한 log 바이러스 감소인수 합은 각각 ${\geq}$13.30, ${\geq}$14.32, ${\geq}$15.22, ${\geq}$7.57이었다. 이와 같은 결과 본 연구를 통해 확립된 무세포 소 양막 제조공정은 바이러스 안전성을 보증할 수 있는 충분한 바이러스 불활화 능력을 갖고 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to establish an in vitro culture system for ovarian preantral follicles of B6D2F1. First, we optimized the in vitro preantral-follicle culture by culture duration, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) type, and activin A concentration. Duration of in vitro culture for 9, 11, and 13 days was sufficient for the normal development of preantral follicles to antral follicles. Formation of cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) was induced by treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; 2.5 IU/mL) and epidermal growth factor (EGF; 5 ng/mL). In addition, metaphase II (MII) oocytes formed during this in vitro culture of preantral follicles. In vitro preantralfollicle culture for 9 days showed higher rates of growth and maturation, thus yielding a greater number of antral follicles, and there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the number of MII oocytes (that formed from these preantral follicles via differentiation) between the 9-day culture and 11-day or 13-day culture. The follicles cultured for 9 days contained a tightly packed well-defined COC, whereas in follicles cultured for 11 days, the COC was not well defined (spreading was observed in the culture dish); the follicles cultured for 13 days disintegrated and released the oocyte. Second, we compared the growth of the preantral follicles in vitro in the presence of various FSH types. There were no significant differences in the growth and maturation rates and in differentiation into MII oocytes during in vitro culture between preantral follicles supplemented with FSH from Merck and those supplemented with FSH from Sigma. To increase the efficiency of MII oocyte formation, the preantral follicles were cultured at different activin A concentrations (0 to 200 ng/mL). The control follicles, which were not treated with activin A, showed the highest rate of differentiation into antral follicles and into MII oocytes among all the groups (0 to 200 ng/mL). Therefore, activin A (50 to 200 ng/mL) had a negative effect on oocyte maturation. Thus, in this study, we propose an in vitro system of preantral-follicle culture that can serve as a therapeutic strategy for fertility preservation of human oocytes for assisted reproductive medicine, for conservation of endangered species, and for creation of superior breeds.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2005

Inhibition of inflammatory response, acceleration of basal cell growth, and balanced synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) are important in healing of cutaneous open wounds. In order to evaluate the healing effects of water extracts of Radix Astragali (the root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.)) on open wound at early stage, the experimental open wounds were generated on the dorsal sides of SD rats under anesthesia. The boiled-water extracts of Radix Astragali $(100{\mu}l)$, soaked into an occlusive film dressing were applied once a day for eleven consecutive days. The healing process was assessed by measuring macroscopic appearance and wound areas of the open wounds. The molecular aspects of healing process by Radix Astragali extracts were also investigated by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E) double staining and immunohistological staining of collagen type I in the healed skin area, implying cell density and linear alignment of the granulation tissue, and ECM synthesis and its remodeling, respectively. The Astragali radix extracts were found to significantly accelerate the cutaneous wound healing by suppressing the inflammation and stimulating the basal cell growth in wounded area, as compared to epidermal growth factor (EGF).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3451-3455
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• 2014

Background: The serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level can reflect tumor growth, recurrence and metastasis. It has been reported that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in exons 19 and 21may have an important relationship with tumor cell sensitivity to EGFR-TKI therapy. In this study, we investigated the clinical value of EGFR mutations and serum CEA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: The presence of mutations in EGFR exons 19 and 21 in the tissue samples of 315 patients with NSCLC was detected with real-time fluorescent PCR technology, while the serum CEA level in cases who had not yet undergone surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy were assessed by electrochemical luminescence. Results: The mutation rates in EGFR exons 19 and 21 were 23.2% and 14.9%, respectively, with the two combined in 3.81%. Measured prior to the start of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted treatment, serum CEA levels were abnormally high in 54.3% of the patients. In those with a serum CEA level <5 ng/mL, the EGFR mutation rate was 18.8%, while with 5~19 ng/mL and ${\geq}20ng/mL$, the rates were 36.4% and 62.5%. In addition, in the cohort of patients with the CEA level being 20~49 ng/mL, the EGFR mutation rate was 85.7%, while in those with the CEA level ${\geq}50ng/mL$, the EGFR mutation rate was only 20.0%, approximately the same as in cases with the CEA level<5 ng/mL. Conclusions: There is a positive correlation between serum CEA expression level and EGFR mutation status in NSCLC patients, namely the EGFR mutation-positive rate increases as the serum CEA expression level rises within a certain range (${\geq}20ng/mL$, especially 20~49 ng/mL). If patient samples are not suitable for EGFR mutation testing, or cannot be obtained at all, testing serum CEA levels might be a simple and easy screening method. Hence, for the NSCLC patients with high serum CEA level (${\geq}20ng/mL$, especially 20~49 ng/mL), it is worthy of attempting EGFR-TKI treatment, which may achieve better clinical efficacy and quality of life.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.852-859
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• 2020

The muscle stem cells of domestic animals are of interest to researchers in the food and biotechnology industries for the production of cultured meat. For producing cultured meat, it is crucial for muscle stem cells to be efficiently isolated and stably maintained in vitro on a large scale. In the present study, we aimed to optimize the method for the enrichment of pig muscle stem cells using a magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) system. Pig muscle stem cells were collected from the biceps femoris muscles of 14 d-old pigs of three breeds [Landrace×Yorkshire×Duroc (LYD), Berkshire, and Korean native pigs] and cultured in skeletal muscle growth medium-2 (SkGM-2) supplemented with epidermal growth factor (EGF), dexamethasone, and a p38 inhibitor (SB203580). Approximately 30% of total cultured cells were nonmyogenic cells in the absence of purification in our system, as determined by immunostaining for cluster of differentiation 56 (CD56) and CD29, which are known markers of muscle stem cells. Interestingly, following MACS isolation using the CD29 antibody, the proportion of CD56⁺/CD29⁺ muscle stem cells was significantly increased (91.5±2.40%), and the proportion of CD56 single-positive nonmyogenic cells was dramatically decreased. Furthermore, we verified that this method worked well for purifying muscle stem cells in the three pig breeds. Accordingly, we found that CD29 is a valuable candidate among the various marker genes for the isolation of pig muscle stem cells and developed a simple sorting method based on a single antibody to this protein.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.1285-1295
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• 1997

연구배경 : 종양형성다단계 과정중의 하나인 EGFR(epidermal growth factor receptor)은 170KDa의 당단백질로서 세포막의 안팎에 걸친 수용체로서 EGF, TGF alph 의 자극에 의해서 신호전달체계의 시작을 담당한다. EGFR은 정상세포에도 존재가능하나 종양에서는 발현이 증가되어 있으며, EGFR의 발현이 높을수록 종양의 예후가 불량하리라 예측된다. 이에 저자들은 비소세포 폐암에서 EGFR의 발현을 확인하고 EGFR의 임상적 의의 특히 생존률과의 관계를 검색 하였다. 방 법 : 원발성 비소세포 폐암으로 확진받고, 외과적 절제술후 paraffin에 보관된 57례의 병리조직에서 면역 조직화학법으로 EGFR의 발현을 확인하고, EGFR과 암세포형, TNM 병기, 세포분화도, 유식세포 분석법에 의한 S 및 $G_1$ 주기비율 그리고 생존 기간과의 관계를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1) 57례중 남녀비는 43 : 14였고, 중간 연령은 62세였다. EGFR과 생존기간과의 경향을 파악하기 위해, 종양세포중 EGFR 양성 세포가 20% 이상인 경우만을 발현군으로 하였을 때 56%에서 발현되었다. 2) EGFR의 발현은 병리조직형에 따른 차이는 없었고, TNM병기 그리고 세포의 분화도에 따른 차이도 없었다. 3) EGFR 발현군과 비발현군에서의 S-주기비율은 22.3(${\pm}10.5$)%, 18.0(${\pm}10.9$)% 였고, $G_1$-주기비율은 68.4(${\pm}11.6$)%, 71.1(${\pm}12.8$)%로서 모두 양군간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 4) EGFR 발현군과 비발현군에서의 1년 생존률은 66%, 96%, 2년 생존률은 53%, 84%, 3년 생존률은 38%, 66%였고 중간 생존기간은 26개월, 53개월로서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결 론 : 비소세포 폐암에서 EGFR은 56%에서 발현되었으며, 조직병리형, TNM 병기, 세포분화도에 따른 발현의 차이는 없었다. 발현군과 비발현군에서의 S 및 $G_1$ 주기비율은 차이가 없었다. EGFR 발현군과 비발현군의 2년 생존률은 53%, 84%였으며, 중간 생존기간은 26개월, 53개월이었다 (p<0.05). 즉 결과적으로 EGFR 발현이 높을수록 생존기간은 불량하여 예후추정인자로서의 이용이 가능하리라 판단된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the effective genetic resources preservation system using the frozen boar semen. The porcine oocytes were matured for 44 hours in NCSU-23 medium with or without 10% Porcine Follicle Fluid (PFF), 0.5 ${\mu}g/ml$ porcine FSH, 0.5 ${\mu}g/ml$ equine LH, 1.0 ${\mu}g/ml$ 17 $\beta$-estradiol ($E_2$) and 10 ng/ml Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) under mineral oil at $38.5^{\circ}C$ in humidified atmosphere of 5% $CO_2$ in air. After 44 h of culture, the oocytes were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen and fresh semen prepared with mTBM medium for 6 h. Later, set of 50 presumptive zygotes were transferred into 4-well dish (500 ${\mu}l$) of IVC medium. for embryos freezing, slow-freezing and vitrification methods were used as a cryopreservation. Differences among treatments were analyzed using General Linear Model Procedure by SAS Package (version 6.12) differences were considered significant when p<0.05. Following IVF and IVC, the rates of cleavage and blastocysts formation were significantly higher (p<0.05) in hormone supplemented group than that of hormone-free group (25.7 vs, 12.1). The development rates to cleavage and blastocysts were significantly higher in PZM-5 group than NCSU-23 group (60.3%, 46.6% vs 27.4%, 11.1%). Further improvement was achieved when PZM-5 was supplemented with FBS. Cleavage rates was significantly higher in fresh semen source group than frozen semen (66.7% vs 43.7%). However in blastocysts rates was similar two groups. Post-thaw survival rates of embryos were 1.2% and 2.2% in slow-frezing and vitrification groups, respectively. The results of our study suggest that it is still possible to improve the culture conditions and boar semen cryopreservation for enhance reproductive technology and animal genetic resources conservation.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1996

목적 : 악성 성상세포종에서 표피 성장 인자 수용체의 과발현의 빈도와 예후 인자로서 가능성을 조사하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 조직학적으로 악성 성상세포종으로 확진되고 방사선 치료를 받은 23명(역형성성상세포종 7예, 다형성 교아세포종 16예)의 파라핀 블록에 antihuman EGFR polyclonal antibody를 이용하여 면역염색을 시행하였다. 결과 : 표피 성장 인자 수용체는 역형성 성상세포종에서는 7예중 2예에서 양성이었고 다형성 교아세포종은 16예중 9예에서 양성으로 양군간의 발현 빈도의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다 (p=0.44). 55세 미만의 환자는 11예중 3예에서 양성이었고 55세 이상은 12예중 8예에서 양성이었다(p=0.141). 표피 성장 인자 수용체 음성인 역형성 성상세포종 환자의 평균 생존기간(중앙값)은 37개월이었다. 다형성 교아세포종 환자의 평균 생존 기간은 표피 성장 인자 수용체 음성 군은 중앙값 11개월, 양성 군은 중앙값 7개월이었으나 두 군간의 통계적인 차이는 없었다(p=0.17). 결론 : 55세 이상 연령군에서 표피성장인자 수용체의 과발현의 빈도가 높았다. 다형성 교아세포종 환자의 생존율은 표피성장인자 수용체 과발현에 의하여 감소하였으나 유의한 영향을 받지 않았다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.245-249
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• 2007

The aim of present experiment was to examine hatching rate as in vitro indicator of viability of porcine embryos before early stage embryo transfer such as zygotes or 2-cell stage embryos. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) collected from ovaries were matured in North Carolina State University 23 (NCSU-23) containing 10% porcine follicular fluid (pFF), 10 ng/ml epidermal growth factor (EGF), $10{\mu}g/ml$ follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), $35{\mu}g/ml$ luteinizing hormone (LH), and 1mg/ml cysteine. After 24 hours, the COCs were transferred to the same medium without hormones. After 65h of maturation, oocytes were exposed to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with 7% ethanol (v/v) for 7 minutes, and then the oocytes were washed and cultured in tissue culture medium (TCM) 199 containing 5 ug/ml cytochalasin B for 5h at $38.5^{\circ}C$ in an atmosphere of 5% $CO_2$ and 95% air with high humidity. After cytochalasin B treatment, the presumptive parthenotes were cultured in porcine zygote medium (PZM)-5 and cleavage of the parthenotes was assessed at 72h of activation, Normally cleaved parthenotes were cultured for an additional 8 days to evaluate their ability to develop to blastocyst and hatching stages. The fetal bovine serum (FBS) were added at Day 4 or 5 with concentrations of 2.5, 5 or 10%. The blastocyst rates were ranged within $39.1{\sim}70%$ in each treatment. However hatching rate was dramatically decreased in non-addition group. In this experiment, embryo viability in female reproductive tract may be estimated before embryo transfer with in vitro culture adding FBS by hatching ability.