• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.145-164
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• 2009

Environmental problems, such as the depletion of natural resources, global warming, and the destruction of ecological systems, are among the most serious problems facing the planet. Since the early 1990's, many OECD countries have undertaken green tax reforms by introducing new environmental taxes to protect the environment. Environmental taxes have been used as an instrument of environmental policy more than direct regulation because economic instruments have a comparative advantage over direct regulation in terms of cost effectiveness and pollution abatement incentives. However, one important reason why green tax reforms have not progressed is due to fears regarding the negative effect of environmental taxes on international competitiveness in the industry and trade sectors. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of environmental taxes on industry and trade by using a theoretical model to compare the effects of environmental taxes on pollution-intensive and energy-saving industries.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.197-203
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to calculate process emission of GHGs(greenhouse gases) in nonferrous-metal industry, such as Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni. In addition, variation and emission of GHGs generated from these company were defined. And then, GHGs algorithm and calculation formular which were considered as production process in each part of nonferrous-metal industry were developed to develop calculation program of GHGs emission. These algorithm and calculation formular would present fundamental direction about other nonferrous-metal industry in the future.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.142-151
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• 2021

The content industry was greatly affected by the pandemic that hit the world in 2020. The release and production of major Hollywood films were postponed. Performances, festivals, and mega-events such as tourism and the Olympic Games were also canceled or postponed. The innovation of the content industry became inevitable in line with these rapid environmental changes, and the industry had to undergo internal changes according to these external environmental changes. Representative examples are talent fostering and job creation for young people. This study conducts both SWOT analysis and PEST analysis on the South Korean content industry, thereby analyzing cases of talent fostering and job creation suitable for the new environment.

• Corrugated packaging logistics
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• s.63
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• pp.133-136
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• 2005

• Nuclear industry
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• v.6 no.7 s.41
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• pp.55-63
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• 1986

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.20 no.4 s.51
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• pp.333-341
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• 2005

In order to know whether polychaetes could be used as an appropriate organism for the detection of genotoxicity, DNA strand breaks were evaluated in blood cells of a nereidae worm (Perinereis aibuhitensis) exposed to various aquatic chemical pollutants (e.g. Cd, Pb, Pyrene, Benaor[a]pyrene). Hydrogen peroxide increased DNA strand breaks up to the highest concentration (10 $\mu$M). Higher concentration than 0.1 $\mu$M showed a significantly more DNA damage than control. Cadmium and lead also showed higher DNA damage than control, over 1.0 and 1 $\mu$g/L, respectively. In case of pyrene, DNA damage was detected even at 0.001 $\mu$g/L. However, DNA damage decreased due to apoptosis at the highest concentration of pyrene and Pb. This study suggested that the polythaetous blood cells could be used effectively for screening genotoxic contaminants in the environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1291-1296
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• 2007

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.477-488
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• 2007

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.204-213
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• 2020

Objective: This study is aimed at investigating indoor air quality on public transportation (subway, train, and bus) according to changes in season and time. Methods: We evaluated TVOC and HCHO on public transportation based on the un-controlled parameters of the Ministry of Environment. We also measured temperature and humidity since they affect the concentration of TVOC and HCHO. For public transportation classification, subway lines were classified into Lines 1 to 4. Additionally, trains were classified as ITX and KTX. Results: When comparing summer and winter on public transportation, the concentrations of TVOC and HCHO did not show any particular tendency. However, the concentrations of TVOC and HCHO during traffic congestion was higher than levels during times of non-congestion on most public transportation. In summer and winter, the measurement results for temperature and humidity showed a normal range, so temperature and humidity did not affect the concentrations of TVOC and HCHO. In the case of TVOC, TVOC concentrations on new trains were found to be relatively higher than on older ones, but there was no statistically correlation. Conclusions: A survey was conducted on the indoor air quality on public transportation. This study also analyzed data based on TVOC and HCHO for designing policies and managing indoor air quality.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.771-780
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• 2018

To develope a microbial weed control agent, HCN-producing bacteria were isolated, and their characteristics were investigated. A selected strain of WA15 was identified as Pseudomonas koreensis by morphological, cultural, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene analyses. The conditions for HCN production was investigated by a One-Variable-at-a-Time (OVT) method. The optimal HCN production conditions were tryptone 1%, glycine 0.06%, NaCl 1%, and an initial pH and temperature of 5.0 and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. The major component for HCN production was glycine. Under optimal conditions, HCN production was about 3 times higher than that of the basal medium. The WA15 strain had physiological activities, such as indoleacetic acid that was associated with the elongation of plant roots and siderophore and ammonification inhibiting fungal growth, and produced hydrolytic enzymes, such as cellulase, pectinase and lipase. The strain was able to inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum, by the synergistic action of volatile HCN and diffusible antimicrobial compounds. A microscopic observation of R. solani that was teated with the WA15 strain showed morphological abnormalities of fungal mycelia, which could explain the role of the antimicrobial metabolites that were produced by the WA15 strain. The volatile HCN produced by the WA15 strain was also found to have insecticidal activity against termites. Our results indicate that Pseudomonas koreensis WA15 can be applied as a microbial agent for weed control and also as a termite repellent. Furthermore, it could be applied as a microbial termiticidal agent to replace synthetic insecticides.