• 환경정책연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-32
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• 2008

본 연구는 에너지부문 환경세 도입방안의 소득분배 파급효과를 "도시가계조사" 및 "가계조사" 자료를 이용하여 Kakwani지수에 적용하여 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 첫째 비수송용 에너지 사용에 대한 조세는 누진적, 수송용 연료에 대한 조세는 역진적인 성격을 가지는 것으로 나타났고, 둘째 시나리오별 누진성 측정지표는 현행 에너지 가격구조와 비교하면, 환경세가 역진적이라고 추정한 기존 연구들과 달리 시나리오 I은 교통혼잡세를 제외하고는 누진성을 강화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 시나리오 II의 전체 세부담액에 의한 지표는 누진성을 약간 강화시켰고, 시나리오 III은 부가가치세와 세수 총계에서 약간 역진적인 성격을 보이나 환경세, 열량세, 환경세 교통혼잡세 열량세의 합계로 각각 측정한 지표는 누진성을 전반적으로 강화시키는 것으로 추정되었다. 셋째, 환경세도입으로 인해 조세수입이 증가(시나리오 III)하는 것을 절대빈곤계층에게 환급해 줄 경우 예상대로 누진성을 강화시켰고 또한 환급수준이 클수록 누진성 강화 정도 역시 커졌다. 결과적으로 환경세 도입이 소득분배 측면에서 부정적인 영향을 주지 않을 뿐만 아니라 환경세 도입으로 인해 발생한 세수 증가분을 빈곤계층에게 일부 환급할 경우, 누진성이 더 강화되는 결과를 보여주어 소득계층간 불공평성도 상당부분 해소될 수 있다고 결론내릴 수 있다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2015

This study is for deriving an evaluation system which fits to the domestic urban river. For this, two times of Delphi survey was conducted to various experts who are eminent for ecology, urban design, governance, landscape architecture, hydrology. The purpose was for analysing validity and getting extra opinion of evaluation items which were preferentially have chosen. Reflecting $1^{st}$ survey's opinions as changing the word or explaining more details, the second survey was conducted, In this time, all evaluation items were analysed as valid and experts agreed with that. In conclusion, the evaluation items, "Amenity", "Biodiversity", "Ecosystem service", "Governance", "Management", which are for evaluating domestic urban river environment were derived.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.648-660
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• 2012

Reliable response measurements are extremely important for proper bridge health monitoring but incomplete and unreliable data may be acquired due to sensor problems and environmental effects. In the case of a sensor malfunction, parts of the measured data can be missing so that the structural health condition cannot be monitored reliably. This means that the dynamic characteristics of natural frequencies can change as if the structure is damaged due to environmental effects, such as temperature variations. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes a systematic procedure of data analysis to recover missing data and eliminate the environmental effects from the measured data. It also proposes a health index calculated statistically using revised data to evaluate the health condition of a bridge. The proposed method was examined using numerically simulated data with a truss structure and then applied to a set of field data measured from a cable-stayed bridge.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2014

Indexes of safety, restoration, damage impact, and management reliability were developed to assess reliability of drinking water distribution networks (DWDNs) management. The developed indexes were applied to evaluate the reliability of the pipeline management stage during unexpected mechanical and hydraulic accidents of components. The results were used to support the decision-making process in effective management and maintenance by enhancing the administrator's system understanding and by helping to create appropriate maintenance and management policies. The results of this study indicated that application of a management reliability index to assess DWDNs reliability may help create a more effective plan for establishing DWDNs management and maintenance.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

It is desirable that implementation assessment (IA) should be carried out efficiently in order to make successful progress of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) in watershed management. There are many difficulties in the process of the implementation assessment because of the early stage in the application of TMDL in Korea. This study reviewed the present status of IA and proposed the methodology of its improvement such as flexible application of TMDL ledger, and standardization of assessment index and criteria. The deficient time for assessment period could be corrected by the consideration of the post-procedure after the submission of IA report.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.439-445
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• 2010

An emergy analysis of the main energy flows driving the economy of humans and life support systems consists of environmental energies, fuels, and imports, all expressed as solar emjoules. Total emergy use (371 E20 sej/yr) of the Western Nakdong River Basin is 97 per cent from imported sources, fuels and goods and services. Emergy flows from the environment such as rain and geological uplift flux accounted for only 2.9 percent of total emergy use. Emergy yield ratio and environment loading ratio were 1.03 and 33.27, respectively. Emergy sustainability index, a ratio of emergy yield ratio to environment loading ratio, is therefore less than one, which is indicative of highly developed consumer oriented economies. It is necessary for an efficient management of Western Nakdong River Basin to reduce pollution load basically and to restructure economic activities into an environmental friendly industrial structure depending on renewable energy and resources.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2019

Purpose : Wellness tourism is defined as travel for the purpose of promoting health and well-being through physical, psychological, or spiritual activities. The development and verification of a comprehensive wellness program for health care for workers is needed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the wellness and skin health effects of skin health programs in order to develop high-value health care services. Methods : The subjects were 15 middle-aged women who understood the research and volunteered and participated in the two-day skin health wellness program. Participants were measured to determine their wellness index and skin health twice: before and after participating in the program. Wellness index measures include comprehensive wellness, physical wellness, mental wellness, emotional wellness, social/cultural wellness, financial wellness, and environmental wellness. Skin health measurement items consisted of skin oil, skin water, skin pore, skin elasticity, skin wrinkle, and skin pigment. The skin wellness program included aerobic exercise, endurance exercise, functional food, cosmetics, herbal tea, massages, spa treatments, meditation, and marine leisure sports. The t-test analysis was used to compare the difference between wellness index and skin health measurement items before and after the program. Results : Among the wellness index items, the comprehensive wellness index (p<.05), mental wellness index (p<.05) and environmental wellness index (p<.05) showed statistically significant differences. Among skin health items, skin oil (p<.05), skin elasticity (p<.01) and skin wrinkle (p<.01) all showed statistically significant differences. There was no statistically significant difference in physical wellness, emotional wellness, social/cultural wellness, financial wellness, skin water, skin pore and skin pigment. Conclusion : This study confirmed that the two-day complex wellness program is an effective program for some items of wellness index and skin health.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.891-905
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• 2011

Climate vulnerability index is usually defined as a function of the climate exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, which requires adequate selection of proxy variables of each variable. We selected and used 9 proxy variables related to climate exposure in the literature, and diagnosed the adequacy of them for application in Korean peninsula. The selected proxy variables are: four variables from temperature, three from precipitation, one from wind speed, and one from relative humidity. We collected climate data over both previous year (1981~2010) and future climate scenario (A1B scenario of IPCC SERES) for 2020, 2050, and 2100. We introduced the spatial and temporal diagnostic statistical parameters, and evaluated both spatial and time variabilities in the relative scale. Of 9 proxy variables, effective humidity indicated the most sensitive to climate change temporally with the biggest spatial variability, implying a good proxy variable in diagnostics of climate change vulnerability in Korea. The second most sensitive variable is the frequency of strong wind speed with a decreasing trend, suggesting that it should be used carefully or may not be of broad utility as a proxy variable in Korea. The A1B scenario of future climate in 2020, 2050 and 2100 matches well with the extension of linear trend of observed variables during 1981~2010, indicating that, except for strong wind speed, the selected proxy variables can be effectively used in calculating the vulnerability index for both past and future climate over Korea. Other local variabilities for the past and future climate in association with climate exposure variables are also discussed here.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2014

Objectives: The principal aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of gaseous pollutants emitted in enclosed pig buildings between different rates of general ventilation and determine the variations in the patterns of gaseous pollutants as affected by ventilation rate. Materials and Methods: The experiment was performed in the growing/finishing room($20.0m{\times}12.0m{\times}3.0m$) of a pig confinement building located on the experimental farm of Seoul National University. The conditions of the general ventilation rate for three treatments were 30%($4.12m^3s^{-1}$), 50%($6.87m^3s^{-1}$) and 70%($9.61m^3s^{-1}$). The data presented in the study were collected overa total of 45 days, 15 days for each of the three treatments from March to May 2011. A total of six air samplings were taken at 1.5m above the floor of the pig building. The environmental agents measured in the pig building were ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and odor concentration index for gaseous pollutants with temperature and hydrogen sulfide for thermal factors. Results: There were significant differences in the ammonia and odor concentration index in the pig building among the three general ventilation rate conditions(p<0.05), whereas hydrogen sulfide did not show a significant difference among three conditions of general ventilation rate(p>0.05). As the general ventilation rate applied to the pig building increases, it appears that all the indoor environmental agents measured in this study simultaneously decrease. Conclusions: The gaseous pollutants significantly affected by the general ventilation rate in pig building were ammonia and odor concentration index(p<0.05). However, it was found that hydrogen sulfide and thermal factors, temperature and relative humidity were not influenced significantly by variation in the general ventilation rate.

• 농촌계획
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2003

A purpose of this study is to develop practical indexes for improving a village environment in Kyongbuk, Korea. From a questionnaire survey of the public employees (71 persons) who take charge of the environment in Kyongbuk province, the indexes were produced and the contents of questionnaire consisted of preferential and supplementary indexes to apply. The preferential indexes which apply to an agricultural village and a stock raising village are environmental sanitation facilities, a hygienic check of livestock and a purge of livestock shed's surroundings. In case of mountainous village, and natural-ecological village the preferential indexes are habitat reservation for wildlife, poaching prohibition (monitoring for it), and food supplement for livestock. To the traditional-cultural village, prevention of noise pollution, environmental sanitation facilities, and a monitoring or water quality change are the prior indexes in order. For the village near city and the industrial village the preferential indexes are patrol removing of garbage, pollution index planting and monitoring for noise pollution. For a fishing village and a village fronting waterside excess uses of agricultural chemicals, monitoring for a water quality change, and realignment of green house with vinyl and warehouse. In conclusion the research presents the practical and preferential index for residents to improve their environment in accordance with village settings and suggests guidelines for further research.