• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2012

To establish area specific control strategy for ambient ozone in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), the maximum ozone concentration in each local government district in the SMA were estimated by using the OZone Isopleth Plotting Package for Research (OZIPR) model. The modeling period was June 2000 and the emission inventory data used were from National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER). Except the islands of Incheon, whole Seoul and Incheon areas were volatile organic compounds (VOCs) limited, i.e., decreasing the oxides of nitrogen ($NO_X$) emission alone may increase the maximum ozone concentration upto certain point. In Gyeonggi, 12 areas were VOCs limited while 12 areas were in between VOCs limited and $NO_X$ limited, i.e., decreasing both $NO_X$ and VOCs emission may decrease the maximum ozone concentration. Majority of the estimated ozone values were lower than the measured values. The reason could be inaccuracy in emission inventories and/or transport from other areas. The same calculation was carried out for June 2004 and it was found that Seoul was still in the VOCs limited condition.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2018

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to describe strategy for exposure assessment of humidifier disinfectant (HD) used in the national program to associate the use of HD with lung injury. Methods: Strategy and method employed to evaluate HD use characteristics were developed to associate health effects including HD associated with lung injury (HDLI). We developed HD-specific questionnaire to assess potential HD exposure, which was consistently used in the national program. Trained environmental health scientists visited the residences of registered subjects and investigated HD use characteristics. Results: Major HD exposure related variables were type of HD brand/s used; HD volume added to the humidifier, frequency of HD addition, and time spent in room/s with the humidifier; duration of HD use in the household in average months/year, weeks/month, and days/week; average sleeping hours in a room with an operating humidifier containing a disinfectant; number of HD brands used and type of HD; average distance of the bed from the humidifier in meters. Conclusions: We concluded that estimated airborne HD concentration was significantly associated with the risk of HDLI.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.396-408
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze pre-service elementary teachers' oceanographic literacy, understanding of ocean environmental problems and opinions on teaching strategies for ocean topics. As survey participants, this study selected 126 pre-service elementary teachers. Firstly, as a result of testing their oceanographic literacy, this study found out that out of all the basic principles, 'Oceans Largely Unexplored' was highest in the mean score, followed by 'Human Connections', 'Ocean & Its Life Shape Earth', 'Habitability', 'Biodiversity', 'Weather & Climate' and 'Size of Ocean'. Besides, regarding environmental problems affecting all the aspects of ocean, they mentioned oil spills caused by vessel accidents, so called 'Oil Pollution', as the most serious marine environmental problem. Regarding environmental problems affecting coral reefs, they considered over-fishing as the most serious problem. Secondly, as a result of analyzing their opinions on effective teaching strategies for ocean-related topics in elementary science textbooks, this study found out that regarding topics about understanding the undersea topography in the chapter of the earth and moon, they proposed 'Making an Undersea Topographic Model with Sand' most as an effective teaching strategy. As an effective teaching strategy for the chapter of animals' lives, they proposed 'Classifying Animals with Marine Animal Cards' most. As an effective teaching strategy for the chapter of ground surface changes, they proposed 'Making and Simulating Seashore Topography' most.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.221-231
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• 2014

TIn this paper, The need for a long-term sustainable Green IT strategy to pursue strategic partnerships and alliance was proposed. We made a research model to identify how social pressure, environmental orientation and environmental attractiveness affect into the Green IT strategy, and how Green IT strategy affects on Green IT company's environmental performance. In previous studies, the long-term persistence was used as the dependent variables, but in this paper it was used as a parameter variable. A survey of Green IT companies and a empirical analysis by statistical software package were conducted. It was verified that the mediating effect is between the social pressure, environmental orientation, environmental attractiveness and environmental performance by the long-term persistence.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.20 no.4 s.51
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• pp.259-271
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• 2005

Engineered nanoparticles exhibit a variety of unique and tunable chemical and physical properties. These unique properties make the nanoparticles central components and widespread potential applications in nanoindustry. However, the potential toxicities of nanoparticles have not been fully evaluated. Recently, the impacts of nanoparticles to human and environment became the emerging issue of toxicology. In this article, physicochemical properties and toxicities of carbon nanotube, fullerene, quantum dots, and other types of nanomaterials were reviewed and the strategy of risk assessment were suggested based on the frame of chemical assessment.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.317-331
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• 2004

Foci of this thesis arc an estimation of willingness to pay and an establishment of green marketing strategics for environment-friendly agricultural products(EFAR). Estimations of willingness to pay for grain, vegetables, fruit and processed food-stuffs arc respectively 20.6%, 20.2%, 19.3% and 17.2% higher than agricultural products produced by conventional farming method. And a green mark6ting mix for EFAP is as follows; Erst, a product strategy focuses on producing safe and high-quality foods by environment-friendly agriculture(EFA) to point to consumer’s health and desire for environmental preservation. Second, in a price strategy, the balance of three factors should be kept, namely the environmental value the true quality as food materials and the price of EFAP. Third, a place strategy is to reduce waste matters, resource and energy uses in marketing chain, and to simplify marketing channels. Also, it is necessary to choose the marketing channel for price discrimination. Fourth, a promotion strategy make use of programs that emphasize the multi-function of EFA.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-18
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• 2022

Purpose - Through the analysis and research of different characteristics and related mechanisms of live commerce anchors, this paper aimed to help live commerce anchors to strengthen their characteristic advantages, beautify the live broadcast environment, improve resource allocation and enhance business performance, so as to help live commerce anchors to achieve better high-quality development. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was conducted by sample survey method on 361 live commercial anchors who have experience in using major online shopping malls for more than one year. Data analysis methods were frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation model analysis. Result - Hypothesis 1 through Hypothesis 5 were all supported. The results of this study suggest that professionalism and mutual entertainment of live commercial anchors have a significant impact on business performance, survival strategy, resource allocation and environment selection. The resource allocation and environment selection of live commercial anchors play a mediating role in the professionalism and mutual entertainment of live commercial anchors on business performance and survival strategy. Conclusion -The results implied that the professionalism and inter entertainment of live commercial anchors have a positive impact on business performance and survival strategy. In the new situation, live commercial anchors should further improve their professionalism and mutual entertainment, so as to achieve better development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2021

This study was carried out to propose the functional assessment and a wise use strategy on the ecologically valuable 'village wetlands' distributed in living area in Geumsan gun, Chungnam province, Korea. The targets of the functional evaluation were 24 wetlands, selected from 123 village wetlands, where villages and agricultural lands or core ecosystems are located within living area near the wetland and wetlands with historical and cultural significance. The functional evaluation was carried out by RAM (Rapid Assessment Model) and the conservation strategies were suggested. As a result of the functional evaluation, 9 wetlands were rated 'high' (2 'absolute conservation' and 7 'conservation' strategies), 14 wetlands were rated 'medium' ('enhancement' strategies), and one wetland was rated 'low' ('restore or enhancement' strategy). In consideration of the results of the functional evaluation, interviews with village residents, and historic meaning, 6 important village wetlands were selected that require additional management strategies, such as conservation, enhancement, and restoration. 2 wetlands were from "absolute conservation" strategy and 4 wetlands derived from "conservation" and "enhancement" strategy wetlands in consideration of the ecological connectivity of wetlands, the use of surrounding land, and the function as a biological habitat. The wise use and conservation strategy was specifically proposed respectively.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5-26
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• 2018

Joseph S. Nye defined soft power as the power of attraction to affect the behavior of other states through the use of non-coercive instruments including culture, political values and foreign policy. Over the last two decades, environmental issues have grown in importance on the international agenda and become critical components of states' foreign policy-making. This paper aims to analyze environmental foreign policy as a soft power instrument focusing on two major rising powers: China and India. Traditionally, China and India had been reluctant to make any commitments in the field. However, they have shown greater willingness to act in global environmental governance in the past decade. They started playing more active roles in global climate change negotiations and supported a number of initiatives. Their current rise in global environmental governance has even been praised by the international community as the Paris agreement case demonstrated. This study evaluates China's and India's recent efforts in global environmental governance with a focus on climate change negotiations linking their constructive position to their soft power potential. It is argued that environmental issues are used by these two states as foreign policy strategy to gain more influence in international politics. This study finds out that China's climate-related environmental diplomacy has been more ambitious than that of India and thus has been closer to fulfill its potential as a soft power asset.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.139-144
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• 2007

Although human beings have been able to lead the affluent life owing to industrialization and development of science and technology, as the result of this, the nature has be destroyed, energy consumption has been accelerated, urban area has got wide and the nature has got narrow. In the face of such critical situations, concerns have been aroused to environment. In order to minimize the environment destruction and accompany the aesthetic, efficient and advantage methods, environmental marketing has been introduced to indoor. Environmental marketing is the marketing that minimizes the reverse function so as to obtain the satisfactory result, and it is still in the stage of fundamental investigation. stage. As the concept and type of environmental marketing have not been established yet for interior design, environmental marketing currently applied to indoor space is classified Into three types in this study. Through the four types of environmental marketing, which are the introduction of natural elements to indoor space, the use of eco-friendly materials and the use of sustainable materials, renovation it is intend to derive the environmental marketing strategy and present the sequence of strategy establishment and desirable direction in environmental marketing.