• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2019

Recently, the paradigm of road policy has been focused on user safety. Recently, the number of road facility improvement project has been continuously increased but the economic feasibility (B/C ratio) is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to select a reasonable road improvement project through accurate and objective analysis of the road safety evaluation. In this study, to develop a new road safety evaluation method, data were collected based on the current road safety evaluation method for 75 routes including national roads and provincial ones. Based on the collected data, problems were analyzed and utilized as the basic factors of the new road safety evaluation method. Therefore, in this study, traffic accidents were reflected as a general evaluation item by weighing to solve these problems, and the evaluation items were added from experiences and ideas of the local public officials. For each evaluation item, a reasonable weight was determined through AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) questionnaire evaluation with highway experts. In addition, the safety index was determined based on the evaluation criteria for each evaluation item. The criteria for evaluating the danger zone are determined by the overall safety index. Finally, the criteria for selection of road improvement projects based on the overall risk level were derived.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2018.11a
• /
• pp.130-131
• /
• 2018

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of the construction work of apartment buildings. The construction work operation was divided into five major tasks, which include: Schedule Control (P'1 - P5) Construction Management (C'1 - C'5), Environmental Management (E'1 - E'3), and Quality Management. Finally, this study derived major construction execution tasks through correlation between construction work and the original index and t-test.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2021

Recently, social technologies have been created to solve problems from businesses for the establishment of generational solidarity ecosystem in terms of employment, residential space, network and social capital, age, cognitive and environmental aspects. This is senior-friendly healthcare business system aimed at meeting the senior needs for health life to enjoy active consumption culture life even after retirement, becoming a catalyst for minimizing generational conflicts, preventing the cognitive and physical deterioration of seniority in the areas of life healthcare, fitness and well-aging, and expanding into systems necessary for seniority self-reliance. We would like to draw up the development and requirements of the concept of the service platform for the study of collective characteristics for generation solidarity with senior class and the establishment of a customized senior health life system for generation solidarity. This system is characterized by a platform that can prevent the decline of seniors' cognitive and physical functions and enhance emotional stability. It is significant in providing feedback on the risk perception index, fall index, and prevention training index information to the child through the analysis and extraction of the senior health index for risk perception, fall probability, and fall prevention.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.59 no.6
• /
• pp.372-384
• /
• 2022

Total shipping accounts for 2.9 % of the annual average percentage of global anthropogenic GHG emissions. The International Maritime Organization implements EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index), Energy Efficiency eXisting-ship Index (EEXI), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) as regulatory frameworks for shipping decarbonization. The Republic of Korea has enforced the Act on Development and Popularization of Greenship from 2020 and publicly announced the 1st national plan which was named 『2030 Greenship-K Promotion Strategy』 for the activation of a greenship market. The Greenship Certification Scheme is going on for the sustainability of Korean shipbuilding and shipping industries, to secure clean maritime environments, as well as to contribute to the national economy. Greenship Certification guarantees the credit of such eco-friendly technologies and products for shipping. The certification is going to be the basis of industrial competitiveness in coastal and international shipping. This study investigates an existing certification process, identifies the limitations, and proposes the process improved with several case studies. The improved certification scheme may have rationality for Net-zero with regard to climate alignment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.413-427
• /
• 2006

It is necessary to study and develop guidelines for providing comfort and health indoor air quality for office workers since air-tight envelope system of current office building may cause poor indoor air quality. The purpose of this study is to propose guideline for volatile organic compounds in office base on the field study, human health risk assessment and cost-benefit analysis. The field study was conducted to survey the concentrations of volatile organic compounds in indoor air of 69 offices from June to September, 2005 in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The rate of excess to guideline of volatile organic compounds in indoor air of new apartment on the Ministry of Environment in Korea(MOE) was surveyed 37.6% for benzene, 6.8% for toluene, and 1.5% for ethylbenzene. As the result of human health risk assessment, mean cancer risk did not exceed 10-6 which is guideline of US.EPA. Also, total hazard index did not exceed 1 which is guideline of US.EPA. Through the cost-benefit analysis of angle on the social-economics to verify the necessary to establish the standards of volatile organic compounds for improvement and development of indoor air quality in office, the present value of benefit was higher than the present value of cost. With the above considerations in mind, it is suggested that the field study for indoor air quality in offices should be expanded and human health risk assessment and cost-benefit analysis be performed th offer scientific data for decision-making of policy for improvement and management of indoor air quality in office.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.331-344
• /
• 2007

This study was performed to improve the hospital food service in quality and customer satisfaction by using 6-sigma strategy which was processed by DMAIC methods. The research procedure was as follows; analyzing the main causes of customer dissatisfaction of food service by using numerical method, and then finding out the standardized problem solving methods, and finally reforming food service process. The effectiveness of 6-sigma activity was measured by ‘food service quality index’, ‘customer satisfaction index’ and ‘total food service satisfaction index’. Food service quality index was calculated by adding grade of soup temperature, food service, delivery time, and setting accuracy. Statistical data analyses were completed by using the Minitab Ver. 14. By performing 6 sigma activity, food service quality index was increased from 67 to 79 points (p<0.05) and customer satisfaction index also rise from 73 to 79points (p<0.05). Satisfaction of meals’ taste, diverse menu, food setting accuracy, remove of food service, overall food service were significantly improved(p<0.05). The results of capability analysis in food service quality index, customer satisfaction index, and total food service satisfaction index were improved 2.11$\sigma$ to 2.49$\sigma$, 1.88$\sigma$ to 2.43$\sigma$, and 2.04$\sigma$ to 2.47$\sigma$ respectively (p<0.05). Therefore this study showed that subjective food service improving process could be measured by objective numerical value which might be used for financial value in hospital management.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.34-44
• /
• 2017

Background: Monitoring terrestrial vegetation cover condition is important to evaluate its current condition and to identify potential vulnerabilities. Due to simplicity and low cost, point intercept method has been widely used in evaluating grassland surface and quantifying cover conditions. Field-based digital photography method is gaining popularity for the purpose of cover estimate, as it can reduce field time and enable additional analysis in the future. However, the caveats and uncertainty among field-based vegetation cover estimation methods is not well known, especially across a wide range of cover conditions. We compared cover estimates from point intercept and digital photography methods with varying sampling intensities (25, 49, and 100 points within an image), across 61 transects in typical steppe, forest steppe, and desert steppe in central Mongolia. We classified three photosynthetic groups of cover important to grassland ecosystem functioning: photosynthetic vegetation, non-photosynthetic vegetation, and bare soil. We also acquired normalized difference vegetation index from satellite image comparison with the field-based cover. Results: Photosynthetic vegetation estimates by point intercept method were correlated with normalized difference vegetation index, with improvement when non-photosynthetic vegetation was combined. For digital photography method, photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic vegetation estimates showed no correlation with normalized difference vegetation index, but combining of both showed moderate and significant correlation, which slightly increased with greater sampling intensity. Conclusions: Results imply that varying greenness is playing an important role in classification accuracy confusion. We suggest adopting measures to reduce observer bias and better distinguishing greenness levels in combination with multispectral indices to improve estimates on dry matter.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.54 no.12
• /
• pp.1205-1214
• /
• 2021

Precipitation is one of a major causes of landslides by rising of pore water pressure, which leads to fluctuations of soil strength and stress. For this reason, precipitation is the most frequently used to determine the landslide thresholds. However, using only precipitation has limitations in predicting and estimating slope stability quantitatively for reducing false alarm events. On the other hand, Soil Moisture (SM) has been used for calculating slope stability in many studies since it is directly related to pore water pressure than precipitation. Therefore, this study attempted to evaluate the appropriateness of applying soil moisture in determining the landslide threshold. First, the reactivity of soil saturation level to precipitation was identified through time-series analysis. The precipitation threshold was calculated using daily precipitation (P_daily) and the Antecedent Precipitation Index (API), and the hydrological threshold was calculated using daily precipitation and soil saturation level. Using a contingency table, these two thresholds were assessed qualitatively. In results, compared to P_daily only threshold, Goesan showed an improvement of 75% (P_daily + API) and 42% (P_daily + SM) and Changsu showed an improvement of 33% (P_daily + API) and 44% (P_daily + SM), respectively. Both API and SM effectively enhanced the Critical Success Index (CSI) and reduced the False Alarm Rate (FAR). In the future, studies such as calculating rainfall intensity required to cause/trigger landslides through soil saturation level or estimating rainfall resistance according to the soil saturation level are expected to contribute to improving landslide prediction accuracy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.839-846
• /
• 2011

To investigate corrosivity characteristics of raw water in Korea, Langelier index (LI) of 30 multi-regional water treatment plants (WTPs) were evaluated. Annual average values of LI at 30 WTPs were all negative, which means raw water in Korea is very corrosive. LI results for 4 major rivers showed that raw water from Han and Nakdong had relatively high values compared to those of Sumjin and Keum. On the other hand, LI values of raw water from the tributaries of four major rivers were relatively low presumably due to geological characteristics, and in some cases the values were less than -4.0 which means increase of LI is urgently needed to minimize red water problem. Based on the correlation results among LI and water quality parameters, pH, water temperature, calcium concentration were confirmed as major components for LI. Therefore, pH and calcium concentration control is an effective method for the improvement of LI in water treatment processes.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.327-344
• /
• 2010

This study intends to analyze the trade competitiveness of Korean films in international markets. Under environmental of film industry, Korean films could be doing better. But the Key success factors Korean films in the foreign markets are the improvement of contents Quality and the diversification of trade market. Namely, Our films is mainly exporting Japanese market and the import depends upon American films. In case the trade specialization index(TSI), The international competitiveness of Korean films shows lower import specialization, by virtue of export increasing of Japan, Europe and other markets in 2000's. On the other hand, The Export Market Share has shown similar pattern to main markets except Japanese market, and the import was almost similar to trend in foreign markets except American films. Consequently the present film strategies and polices that delight limited markets will not be compete in global markets, Korean films or contents is merely called by that name.