• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 제13회 신호처리 합동 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.951-954
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• 2000

In this paper, we present a multi-code parallel combinatory CDMA system using bi-orthogonal modulation to reduce envelope variation and improve bit error. .rate (BER) performance. In general, the dynamic range of the amplitude of the transmit signal is very large in the case of conventional multi-code CDMA systems, resulting in severe nonlinear distortion due to high power amplifier and thus significant BER performance degradation. The proposed system exhibits reduction of peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmit signal amplitudes and significant performance improvement. We verify the performance of the proposed system by computer simulations under AWGN channel and flat fading channel.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.3294-3298
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• 2014

We theoretically investigated the coherent control of Autler-Townes splitting in photoelectron spectroscopy of K2 molecule within an ultrafast laser pulse by solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation using a quantum wave packet method. It was theoretically shown that we can manipulate the splitting of photoelectron spectroscopy by altering the laser intensity. Furthermore, it was found that the percentages of each peak in photoelectron spectroscopy can be controlled by changing the envelope of the laser pulse.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.381-384
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• 2002

In speech signal processing, it Is very important to detect the pitch exactly in speech recognition, synthesis and analysis. but, it is very difficult to pitch detection from speech signal because of formant and transition amplitude affect. therefore, in this paper, we proposed a pitch detection using the spectrum flattening techniques. Spectrum flattening is to eliminate the formant and transition amplitude affect. In time domain, positive center clipping is process in order to emphasize pitch period with a glottal component of removed vocal tract characteristic. And rough formant envelope is computed through peak-fitting spectrum of original speech signal in frequency domain. As a results, well get the flattened harmonics waveform with the algebra difference between spectrum of original speech signal and smoothed formant envelope. After all, we obtain residual signal which is removed vocal tract element The performance was compared with LPC and Cepstrum, ACF 0wing to this algorithm, we have obtained the pitch information improved the accuracy of pitch detection and gross error rate is reduced in voice speech region and in transition region of changing the phoneme.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.323-337
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• 2019

Wind tunnel testing technique has been established as a powerful experimental method for predicting wind-induced loads on high-rise buildings. Accurate assessment of the design wind load combinations for tall buildings on the basis of wind tunnel tests is an extremely important and complicated issue. The traditional design practice for determining wind load combinations relies partly on subjective judgments and lacks a systematic and reliable method of evaluating critical load cases. This paper presents a novel optimization-based framework for determining wind tunnel derived load cases for the structural design of wind sensitive tall buildings. The peak factor is used to predict the expected maximum resultant responses from the correlated three-dimensional wind loads measured at each wind angle. An optimized convex hull is further developed to serve as the design envelope in which the peak values of the resultant responses at any azimuth angle are enclosed to represent the critical wind load cases. Furthermore, the appropriate number of load cases used for design purposes can be predicted based on a set of Pareto solutions. One 30-story building example is used to illustrate the effectiveness and practical application of the proposed optimization-based technique for the evaluation of peak resultant wind-induced load cases.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.292-299
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 3-레벨 인코딩 기법을 적용하여 시스템의 효율과 선형성을 개선할 수 있는 새로운 구조의 EER 송신기를 제안하였다. 제안된 송신기는 첨두 전력 대 평균 전력비에 상관없이 동일한 크기의 신호만을 증폭하고, 채널대역 내의 양자화 노이즈를 감소시켜 높은 효율을 얻을 수 있으며, 포락선 신호와 위상 신호 간 시간 부정합 특성을 개선하여 높은 선형성을 가질 수 있도록 하였다. 130 nm CMOS 공정으로 제작된 송신기 칩은 8.5 dB의 첨두 전력 대 평균전력비를 갖는 LTE 20 MHz 신호에 대해 2.13 GHz의 반송주파수에서 3.7 %의 오류 벡터 크기와 37.5 dBc의 인접 채널 누설비 특성을 보인다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.813-822
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 1:2:2의 비대칭 3-stage 도허티 전력 증폭기의 동작을 살펴보고, Freescale사의 4 W, 10 W LDMOSFET을 이용하여 1 GHz에서 구현하였다. 두 번의 최대 효율 특성을 갖는 N-way 도허티 전력 증폭기와 비교 하였을 때, 비대칭 3-stage 도허티 전력 증폭기는 세 번의 최대 효율 특성을 갖도록 함으로써 백 오프된 출력 전력영역에서의 심각한 효율 저하를 극복할 수 있고, 주어진 변조 신호에서의 평균 효율을 최대화 할 수 있다. 효율 특성을 더욱 최적화하기 위해, 역 F급 전력 증폭기를 캐리어 및 피킹 전력 증폭기로 설계하였다. 또한, 적절한 로드모듈레이션 동작을 이끌어내기 위해, 포락선 추적 방법에 근거한 적응 게이트 바이어스 조절 신호를 두 개의 피킹 전력 증폭기에 인가하였다. 8.5 dB의 PAPR을 갖는 802.16e Mobile WiMAX 신호에 대해 제안된 비대칭 도허티 전력 증폭기는 36.85 dBm에서 55.46 %의 높은 효율 특성을 얻었고, -37.23 dB의 우수한 RCE 특성을 유지하였다. 본 논문에서는 처음으로 포화 증폭기와 적응 게이트 바이어스 조절 신호를 비대칭 3-stage 도허티 전력 증폭기에 적용하였으며, 이를 통해 기지국용 고효율 전력 송신기의 설계가 구현 가능함을 성공적으로 검증하였다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.136-140
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• 2011

고온에서 운용 중인 설비의 안전성 평가를 위하여 사용기간 동안 열화된 재료의 물성을 측정하여야 하나, 운용 중인 설비에서 열화도가 다른 여러 종류의 시편을 획득하기가 쉽지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 열교환기의 튜브와 압력용기의 재료로 널리 사용되고 있는 1Cr-0.5Mo 강을 인공열화시켜 시편으로 사용하였다. 열화도 평가를 위하여 바크하우젠 노이즈의 포락선(envelope)에서 첨두값(peak value) 사이의 간격, 보자력 및 경도를 실온에서 측정하였다. 열화도의 증가에 따라 세 값은 모두 감소하였는데, 이는 기지의 탄화물 입자가 조대화 됨으로써 탄화물 석출에 의한 기지의 연화가 결정립계의 경화보다 우세하게 작용하여 나타나는 것으로 판단되었다. 포락선 첨두값 사이의 간격과 경도값의 선형관계를 이용하여 자기적 특성 측정에 의해 간접적으로 1Cr-0.5Mo 강의 열화도를 비파괴적으로 평가할 수 있는 근거를 제시하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.421-443
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• 2016

When conducting seismic assessment of an asymmetric building, it is essential to carry out three-dimensional analysis considering all the possible directions of seismic input. For this purpose, the author proposed a simplified procedure is to predict the largest peak seismic response of an asymmetric building subjected to horizontal bidirectional ground motion acting in an arbitrary angle of incidence in previous study. This simplified procedure has been applied to torsionally stiff (TS) asymmetric buildings with regular elevation. However, the suitability of this procedure to estimate the peak response of an asymmetric building with vertical irregularity, such as an asymmetric building with setback, has not been assessed. In this article, the pushover-based simplified procedure is applied to estimate the peak response of asymmetric buildings with bidirectional setback. Nonlinear dynamic (time-history) analysis of two six-storey asymmetric buildings with bidirectional setback and designed according to strong-column weak beam concept is carried out considering various directions of seismic input, and the results compared with those estimated by the proposed method. The largest peak displacement estimated by the simplified method agrees well with the envelope of the dynamic analysis response. The suitability assessment of the simplified procedure to analysed building models is made as well based on pushover analysis results.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.361-376
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• 2008

This paper considers internal pressure fluctuations for a range of building volumes and dominant wall opening areas. The study recognizes that the air flow in and out of the dominant opening in the envelope generates Helmholtz resonance, which can amplify the internal pressure fluctuations compared to the external pressure, at the opening. Numerical methods were used to estimate fluctuating standard deviation and peak (i.e. design) internal pressures from full-scale measured external pressures. The ratios of standard deviation and peak internal pressures to the external pressures at a dominant windward wall opening of area, AW are presented in terms of the non-dimensional opening size to volume parameter, $S^*=(a_s/\bar{U}_h)^2(A_W^{3/2}/V_{Ie})$ where $a_s$ is the speed of sound, $\bar{U}_h$ is the mean wind speed at the top of the building and $V_{Ie}$ is the effective internal volume. The standard deviation of internal pressure exceeds the external pressures at the opening, for $S^*$ greater than about 0.75, showing increasing amplification with increasing $S^*$. The peak internal pressure can be expected to exceed the peak external pressure at the opening by 10% to 50%, for $S^*$ greater than about 5. A dominant leeward wall opening also produces similar fluctuating internal pressure characteristics.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2006

We discuss two possibilities of using femtosecond pulse lasers as a new interferometric light source for enhanced precision surface-profile metrology. First, a train of ultra-fast laser pulses yields repeated low temporal coherence, which allows unequal-path scanning interferometry, which is not feasible with white light. Second, the high spatial coherence of femtosecond pulse lasers enables large-sized optics to be tested in nonsymmetric configurations with relatively small-sized reference surfaces. These two advantages are verified experimentally using Fizeau and Twyman-Green type scanning interferometers.