• 음성과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.235-252
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to characterize the intonational realizations of vocatives in comparison with those of appositives in English statements and questions, and to compare the realizations produced by English native speakers with those of Korean students. Unlike Pierrehumbert(1980), in which the tag expressions do not have pitch accents, Beckman & Pierrehumbert(1986) proposed that the vocatives have a special status in tonal alignment and duration and that they form an independent phrase with pitch accent. Our results reinforce Beckman & Pierrehumbert(1986): both English native speakers and Korean students realize the vocatives in terms of rising tone, and the appositives in terms of both falling tone in statements and rising tone in questions. Moreover, they pronounced the nouns before vocatives longer than those before appositives. However, native speakers impose the low phrase tone before vocatives in statements and the high tone in questions; whereas, Korean students either put the low phrase tone on pitch contours of both statements and questions, or tend to pause before vocatives, thereby constituting an intonational phrase.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.151-170
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• 2009

Recently speech texts have been increasingly used for English education because of their various advantages as language teaching and learning materials. The purpose of this paper is to analyze speech texts in a corpus-based lexical approach, and suggest some productive methods which utilize English speaking or writing as the main resource for the course, along with introducing the actual classroom adaptations. First, this study shows that a speech corpus has some unique features such as different selections of pronouns, nouns, and lexical chunks in comparison to a general corpus. Next, from a collocational perspective, the study demonstrates that the speech corpus consists of a wide variety of collocations and lexical chunks which a number of linguists describe (Lewis, 1997; McCarthy, 1990; Willis, 1990). In other words, the speech corpus suggests that speech texts not only have considerable lexical potential that could be exploited to facilitate chunk-learning, but also that learners are not very likely to unlock this potential autonomously. Based on this result, teachers can develop a learners' corpus and use it by chunking the speech text. This new approach of adapting speech samples as important materials for college students' speaking or writing ability should be implemented as shown in samplers. Finally, to foster learner's productive skills more communicatively, a few practical suggestions are made such as chunking and windowing chunks of speech and presentation, and the pedagogical implications are discussed.

• 음성과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.241-254
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the sentence comprehension strategies used by Korean/English bilingual children when they listened to sentences of their first language, i.e., Korean. The framework of competition model was employed to analyze the influence of the second language, i.e., English, during comprehension of Korean sentences. The participants included 10 bilingual children (ages 7;4-13;0) and 20 Korean-speaking monolingual children(ages 5;7-6;10) with similar levels of development in Korean language as bilingual children. In an act-out procedure, the children were asked to determine the agent in sentences composed of two nouns and a verb with varying conditions of three cues (case-marker, animacy, and word-order). The results revealed that both groups of children used the case marker cues as the strongest cue among the three. The bilingual children relied on case-marker cues even more than the monolingual children. However, the bilingual children used animacy cues significantly less than the monolingual children. There were no significant differences between the groups in the use of word-order cues. The bilingual children appeared less effective in utilizing animacy cues in Korean sentence comprehension due to the backward transfer from English where the cue strength of animacy is very weak. The influence of the second language on the development of the first language in bilingual children was discussed.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2001년도 제13회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.105-112
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• 2001

기존의 연구들은 하다가 실체성 명사와 결합하느냐 혹은 비실체성(서술성) 명사와 결합하느냐에 따라 전자를 중동사 후자를 경동사로 나누어 생각하였다. 그러나 생성어휘부 이론에서 제안된 "강제유형"이라는 생성기제를 도입하면 이 두 명사들과 결합하는 동사 하다를 서로 다른 것이라고 생각할 필요가 없다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 명사와 결합하는 경동사 하다의 어휘구조를 살펴보고, 이 동사가 요구하는 명사의 특성을 지적해보고자 한다.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.21-37
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• 2001

Pustejovsky (1995) rekindled debate on the dual problems of how to represent lexical meaning and on the information that is to be encoded in a lexicon. For natural language processing such as machine translation, these are important issues. When a lexical-conceptual mismatch occurs in translation of corresponding words from two different languages, the appropriate representation of their meanings is very important. This paper proposes a new formalism for representing lexical entries by first analysing observable mismatches in comparable pairs of nouns, verbs, and adjectives in English and Korean. Inherent mis-interpretations and mis-readings in each pair are identified. Then, concept theories such as those presented by Ganter and Wille (1996) and Priss (1998) are extended in order to reflect the cognitivist view that meaning resides in concept, and also to incorporate the propositions of the so-called ‘multiple inheritance’system. An alternative to the formalism of Pustejovsky (1995) and Pollard & Sag (1994) is then proposed. Finally, representative examples of lexical mismatches are analysed using the new model.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2016

The central goal of the current paper is to investigate lexical transfer between Korean and English and to identify rule-governed behavior and to provide implications for development of computer-assisted translation(CAT) software for the two languages. It will be shown that Sankoff and Poplack's Free Morpheme Constraint can not account for all the range of data. A constraint is proposed that a set of case-assigners such as verbs, INFL, prepositions, and the possessive marker may not undergo lexical transfer. The translation software is also expected to be equipped with the proposed claim that English verbs are actually borrowed as nouns or as defective verbs to escape from the direct attachment of inflectional morphemes.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2000

기계번역시스템에서 번역의 우수성은 중의성이 심한 동사의 대역어 선택에 좌우된다. 동사의 의미분별은 함께 어울려 사용되는 연어들에 의해 해소될 수 있지만, 이러한 연어들을 획득하기에는 많은 어려움과 비용의 문제가 발생한다. 이에 따라 기존의 많은 연구 중에서 실용성을 검토해 볼 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 영한번역시스템의 성능 향상을 위해 기존에 획득된 연어에 최소한의 명사 의미자질을 구축하여 계산한 의미거리(Semantic Distance)에 의한 실용적인 대역어 선택 방법을 기술하고자 한다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.407-410
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• 2011

영한 기계번역에서 복합명사는 어휘분석, 구문분석을 복잡하게 하고 사전에 의미가 등록되어 있지 않을 경우에는 올바르게 번역하기 어렵다. 또한 복합명사는 계속하여 새로 나타나고 있어, 정확하고 자연스러운 번역을 위해서는 복합명사를 독립적으로 처리하는 모듈이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 복합명사를 구성하지 못하는 불용어를 파악하고 빈도수를 이용하여 복합명사를 자동으로 수집하는 방법을 제안한다. 문서를 번역하기 전에 복합명사를 파악하면, 복합명사에 대한 정보를 활용하여 어휘분석과 구문분석의 복잡도를 줄이고 복합명사를 포함한 문장을 보다 자연스럽게 번역할 수 있어 영한 기계번역 시스템의 성능 개선에 기여할 것이다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2022

In order to convert Korean folk paintings called Minhwa, a part of traditional Korean heritage, into DBs, it is necessary to design a classification system suitable for the characteristics of folk paintings. A classification system and the generating of unique codes are required to classify and save them. To realize this, a basic classification system was created by listing objects depicted in folk paintings, and keywords were extracted by reclassifying them for each object. In order to assign a unique code to each piece, we organize the English names of each Minhwa since the English names of the folk painting contain the names of objects. The code name is extracted by applying the order of nouns and consonant priority rules in English names and attaching five Arabic numerals. These codes are later assigned to each image file stored in the database and are input together with the keyword. The Minhwa DB constructed in this way enables storage and search centered on objects and keywords and the intuitive inferring of the type of object from the code name.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2016

Novels includes various character names, depending on the genre and the spatio-temporal background of the novels and the nationality of characters. Besides, characters and their names in a novel are created by the author's pen and imagination. As a result, any proper noun dictionary cannot include all kind of character names which have been created or will be created by authors. In addition, since Korean does not have capitalization feature, character names in Korean are harder to detect than those in English. Fortunately, however, Korean has postpositions, such as "-ege" and "hante", used by a sentient being or an animate object (noun). We call such postpositions as animate postpositions in this paper. In a previous study, the authors manually selected character names by referencing both Wikipedia and well-known people dictionaries after utilizing Korean morpheme analyzer, a proper noun dictionary, postpositions (e.g., "-ga", "-eun", "-neun", "-eui", and "-ege"), and titles (e.g., "buin"), in order to extract social networks from three novels translated into or written in Korean. But, the precision, recall, and F-measure rates of character identification are not presented in the study. In this paper, we evaluate the quantitative contribution of animate postpositions to character identification from novels, in terms of precision, recall, and F-measure. The results show that utilizing animate postpositions is a valuable and powerful tool in character identification without a proper noun dictionary from novels translated into or written in Korean.