• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.580-591
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• 2017

In accordance with 2015 Paris agreement, each individual country around the world should voluntarily propose not only its (individual) reduction target, but also actively develop and present expansion targets of its scope and concrete reduction goals exceeding the previous ones. Accordingly, it is necessary to prepare a macroscopic, long-range strategy for reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, which can cover a single building, town, city and eventually even a province. The purpose of this research is to gather and compile government-acquired data from various sources and (in accordance with contents and specificity), combine building data by stages by using multi-variable matrix and then analyze the significance of combined data for each stage. The first order data presents the probability and the cost effectiveness of energy saving on the scale of a city or a province, based only upon general information, size and power consumption of buildings. The second order data can identify a pattern of energy consumption for a building of a specific purpose and which tends to consume a larger amount of energy during one particular season (than others). Finally, the third order data can derive influential factors (base load, humidity) from the energy consumption pattern of a building, and thus propose an informed and practical energy-saving method to be applied in real time.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.3027-3031
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• 2011

In this study, By the time that TTX technology is adopted as railway rolling stock, we analyzed quantitatively energy saving by reducing the power consumption with the reduction of the operation time through the speed improvement and suggested the necessity to introduce TTX technology in the domestic rail vehicles. The effect of energy saving by comparing and analyzing the power consumption during the operation by TTX Hanvit 200 and 8200 electric locomotives to pull trains on the same line was suggested and the efficiency of the main devices(i.e C/I) of Hanvit 200 was compared and analyzed by measuring the power consumption by a single unit. For improving KORAIL management environment, reducing energy usage is an urgent challenge, its measures for solving them are constantly considered in many areas. In addition, at the time of improving the conventional track to speed up and changing the signals, Tilting technology will be contributed to the management environment by enlarging the passengers' demand through the reduction of the operation time and saving energy using the existing infrastructure.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.27-34
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• 2012

Today the energy consumption of ICT networks is about 10% of the worldwide power consumption and will be remarkably increased in the near future. For that reason, the energy saving topics of ICT networks are actually studying in various research institutes. This paper studies the possible energy saving methods assuring the QoS of networks on network level. This paper assumed the energy consumption models according to energy profiles of node and link in IP networks. Especially it formulates the energy problem of a minimum energy consumption with various energy profile models and suggests the methods of energy-aware QoS routing under energy saving and network QoS sustaining condition. It shows the large difference of energy saving according to energy profiles and the possibility of energy saving by using the appropriate energy profile model in the simulation experiment. This paper shows that min_used_path(MP) heuristic of energy-aware QoS routing is the excellent method compared with other heuristic methods as view of reduction ratio of nodes and links and energy saving effect under network QoS sustaining condition. As a result, this paper confirms that the min_used_path(MP) heuristic of energy-aware QoS routing can get energy saving and sustaining of network QoS in IP networks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.104-117
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• 1998

Rising concern about climate change has evoked interest in the potential for urban vegetation to help reduce the level of atmospheric CO\sub 2\, a major heat-trapping gas. This study quantified the functio of home energy savings and carbon emission reduction by shading, evapotranspiration and windspeed reduction of urban vegetatioin in Chuncheon. Tree and shrub cover averaged approximately 13% in residential land. The effects of shading, evapotranspiration and windspeed reduction annually saved heating energy by 2.2% and cooling energy by 8.8%. The heating and cooling energy savings reduced carbon emissions by 3.0% annually. These avoided emissions equaled the amount of carbon emitted annually from fossil fuel consumption by a population of about 1,230. Carbon emission reduction per residential building was 55kg for detached buildings and 872 kg for multifamily buildings. Urban vegetation annually decreased heating and cooling energy cost by ￦1.1 billions, which were equivalent to annual savings of ￦10,000 savings and carbon emission reduction due to tree plantings in the wrong locations, while windspeed reduction had a great effect. Plantings fo large trees close to the west and east wall of buildings, full tree plantings on the north, and avoidance of shade-tree plantings or selection of solar-friendlytrees on the south were recommended to improve the function of building energy savings and carbon emission reduction by urban vegetation.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.135-159
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• 2001

This study analyses the energy consumption increase by using a physical production index (PPI) based decomposition method. The energy efficiency of the Korean industry deteriorated to a large extent in the 1992 to 1997 period. This outcome, however, does not contradict the result of a previous study that the physical energy intensities (measured by energy use per production unit) decreased in four Korean energy intensive industries such as steel, cement, petrochemical and pulp and paper in the same period. Although the physical energy intensities in four industries considered decreased significantly, the energy efficiency of the Korean industry deteriorated because the increase in the value-added production was smaller than that in the physical production except for the steel industry. This outcome suggests that the reduction in the physical energy intensity alone will not result in reducing the economic energy intensity, thereby reducing the increase in the energy consumption of the Korean industry. Therefore, it necessitates to restructure the Korean industry towards a higher value-added production and to strengthen energy efficiency improvement efforts in the Korean industry. As the overinvestment in the energy intensive industries caused a deep price fall of Korean products and a reduction of the value added of the Korean industry and with it an increase in the economic energy intensity, a decrease in this intensity will highly depend on reducing the overcapacity in the energy intensive industries which was partly responsible for the currency and economic crisis of 1997.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.7
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• pp.1039-1046
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• 2017

Campus microgrid is designed and built by considering not only power generation but also power consumption management as connected microgrid type because the main goal of the campus microgrid is to save power consumption costs. There are many functions to achieve the goal and they are mainly to use generation-based functions such as islanding operation for peak management and for emergency events. In power distribution operation, Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) is applied in order to reduce power consumption. The CVR is defined as a function for load consumption reduction by voltage reduction in order to reduce peak demands and energy consumption. However, application of CVR to microgrid is difficult because the microgrid cannot control a tap of transformer in a substation and the microgrid normally is not designed with phase modifying equipment like a step-voltage-regulator which can control voltage in power distribution system operation. In addition, an impact of the CVR is depended on load characteristics such as a normal load, a rated power, and synchronous motors. Therefore, this paper proposes an application of CVR using linear voltage control based AVR in campus microgrid with power consumption reduction considering characteristics of load and component in the microgrid. The proposed system can be applied to each buildings by a configuration of power distribution cables; and the application results and CVR factor are presented in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.105-113
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• 2014

Currently, the energy consumption rate in buildings is approximately 28.5% of the total energy consumption in Korea. Therefore the amount of the consumption of petroleum resourses is at a worrying level of the blackout. The system of the amount of the Architectural Energy Efficiency Grade [AEEG] is in force by the government to apply the technologies of the Emissions Trading System and the Target Management System to mitigate the Green House Gases for buildings according to the climate change. On the account the mitigation of the Green House Gases and the reduction of the energy, from the view of maintenance and management, for the new and remodeling buildings should be under consideration. The author wants to present the possible ways how to improve the AEEG for the existing buildings by trying to establish the foundation of the BEMs, and by confirming the potential of the energy savings.

• Archives of Obesity and Metabolism
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2023

Nutrition counseling and dietary intervention are essential to obesity management because weight reduction is the consequence of negative energy balance. The first step of the nutrition counseling in patients with obesity is thorough evaluation of the nutritional status. During the nutritional evaluation, amount of energy consumption, dietary habits, and medical and socioeconomic factors influencing diets should be evaluated. Diet interventions including low calorie diet, low fat diet, low carbohydrate diet, and high protein diet are all effective in weight reduction as long as decrease in energy consumption is accompanied. Amount of energy restriction and choice of diet interventions should be individualized based the medical condition and characteristics of each patient.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.99-104
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• 2011

It has to take quantitative energy usage of high school education facilities in nations to set goals of their energy reduction. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to present various analysis result of energy consumption that is a statistic alanalysis of high school education facilities in Korea to set the goal of energy saving. This study has enforced analysis and has provided used energy for the year 2008 and general information from 2022 high school education facilities in 16 cities in South Korea by the relevant agency. Used energy sources in high school education facilities are electricity, gas for heating, oil, coal, water, and this study has changed the various used energy sources as unit 'kWh' only for comparison and analysis them.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.39-46
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• 2009

It has been a serious problem to consume the energy of apartment while increasing to use of heating & cooling System because of residence environmental upgrades. Great attention has been shown to the problem of the rental apartment, so there are few reports of energy consumption about the rental apartment in korea. To solve the lack of housing, our country has supplied an enormous volume of apartments, and these days it occupies 75% of our buildings. As apartments occupy most of our housings, the rate of energy usage from them are also high. On this, setting apartment energy reduction as a target, by researching the actual conditions of energy consumption and drawing a basis data, we can apply this as a way of saving energy, rationalization of the scale of energy supply facilities and a standard when planning facilities. To grasp the present condition of energy usage of the urban rental apartment, this research analysed the use of electricity, gas and water monthly and annually of a rental apartment that is located in Daegu. The results showed that in 2003 the electricity usage was 1,198MWh but 1,315MWh in 2007, which means 9% of electricity usage increases every year. The average of water usage was $85,072\;m^2$ per year and typical energy consumption unit was $604.2\;MJ/m^2$ on $74.4\;m^2$ of area and $448.8\;MJ/m^2$ on $105.8\;M^2$. By showing the usage of energy and water of the urban rental apartment, understanding the tendency and preparing an typical energy consumption unit standard through this research, apartments should use energy more efficiently.