• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제42권sup1호
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• pp.110-112
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• 2008

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies and which is predominant in postmenopausal women. Clinically many patients are hospitalized in early stage due to clinical sign and symptom such as vaginal bleeding and in this case, patient's prognosis is known to be good. However, considerable number of patients with advanced and relapsed disease reveal poor prognosis. Therefore, exact staging work up is essential for proper treatment as is primary lesion detection. $^{18}F-FDG-PET$ has been widely used for the evaluation of gynecologic malignancies such as cervical carcinoma and ovarian cancer. In contrast, FDG PET application to endometrial carcinoma is limited until now and there is no sufficient data to validate the usefulness of FDG PET for this disease yet. However, several studies showed promising results that FDG PET is sensitive and specific in detection of recurrent or metastatic lesions. Therefore further active investigation in this field can facilitate the use of FDG PET for endometrial carcinoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2015

As metformin can inhibit endometrial carcinoma (EC) cell growth and the insulin growth factor (IGF) system is active in EC, the question of whether it can regulate endometrial carcinoma cell secretion of IGF-1 or expression of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is of interest. In this study, serum IGF-1 levels in EC patients were found to be comparable with that in the non EC patients (p>0.05). However, the IGF-1 level in the medium of cultured cells after treatment with metformin was decreased (p<0.05). IGF-1R was highly expressed in human endometrial carcinoma paraffin sections, but IGF-1R and phosphor-protein kinase B/protein kinase B (p-Akt/Akt) expression was down-regulated after metformin treatment (p<0.05). In summary, metformin can reduce the secretion of IGF-1 by Ishikawa and JEC EC cell lines and their expression of IGF-1R to deactivate downstream signaling involving the PI-3K/Akt pathway to inhibit endometrial carcinoma cell growth.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1993

The cytologic detection of endometrial carcinoma in Papanicolaou(Pap) smear according to histologic type, grade and stage was studied in 49 patients. The smears of patients who had histologically confirmed were retrospectively evaluated by the Bethesda System. The cytologic diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma was made in 61% (39/49) of patients, atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGCUS) in 16% (8/49) and within normal limits in 23% (11/49). The positive rate for AGCUS and carcinoma was correlated to the histologic type, grade and stage. The cytologic grade revealed a good correlation with histologic grade, too. In conclusion, the presence of cancer cells in Pap smear suggests the tumor in high grade and high stage. Additionally, cytologic detection of AGCUS or carcinoma needs a further diagnostic evaluation. The Pap smear is a valuable method to screen for endometrial carcinoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.4521-4524
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• 2015

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract and the fourth most common cancer in Iranian women after breast, colorectal and lung cancers. Various genetic alterations appear to be early events in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma and it seems that PTEN is the most commonly mutated gene in the endometrioid subtype. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between mutations in exon 7 of PTEN gene and endometrial carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five patients with endometrial carcinoma and 75 females whose underwent hysterectomy for non tumoral indication were selected for evaluation of PTEN mutations in exon 7 by PCR-SSCP and sequencing. Correlations between the frequency and type of mutation and the pathologic findings of the cancer (tumor subtype, stage and grade) were assessed. Results: All of the samples were obtained from Iranian patients. 60 % (45 cases) of the tumors were endometriod and 40% (30 cases) were of serous type. The grade distributions of the 75 cases according to the FIGO staging system were as follows: low grade, 20 cases; high grade 55 cases, low stage, 41 cases; high stage 34 cases. For exon 7 of the PTEN gene, the analysis showed that there were no mutations in our cases. Conclusions: Our findings in the present study suggest that exon 7 of PTEN does not play any significant role in the development of endometrial carcinoma in Iranian cases.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.116-125
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• 2002

자궁내막암 환자의 예후와 치료의 측면에서 수술 전 병기 설정은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 자궁내막암의 수술 전 병기 설정에 있어서 자기공명영상의 유용성을 평가하기 위하여 수술 1-2주 전에 자기공명영상을 시행한 28 예를 대상으로 하였다. 자궁 내의 침범은 자궁내막에 국한된 경우, 표재성 자궁근층 침범, 심부성 자궁근층 침범의 세 경우로 나누었으며, 그 외 자궁경부 침범, 양측 부속기 침범, 골반강내 침범 및 림프절 병증를 평가하였다. 저 병기의 자궁내막암에서 근층의 침범 여부와 정도를 평가하는데 있어서 4 예에서 과소, 1 예에서 과대 병기 설정이 되었다. 28 예중 22 예에서 조직학적 소견과 일치된 병기 설정을 해서 정확도는 78.6%였다. 수술 전 자기공명영상을 통한 병기 설정은 수술 후의 예후를 예측할 수 있으며, 근층 침범, 자궁경부, 양측 부속기, 골반강 및 림프절 침범 등을 동시에 평가를 할 수 있는 유용한 방법으로 판단되었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2013

An 11-year-old poodle bitch was presented for investigation of multicentric mammary masses. Abdominal sonography and radiography demonstrated abnormal enlargement of uterus and ovaries. Blood analysis revealed high progesterone concentration. The ovariohysterectomy and mastectomy were performed. Histopathologically, the mammary masses revealed complex carcinoma-tubulopapillary carcinoma with papillary pattern and tubule pattern. In the uterus, cystic endometrial hyperplasia was observed. Scattered inflammatory cells were observed in the endometrial stroma and mucinous material was protruded from endometrial surface. Also, in the ovaries, bilateral ovary granulosa cell tumor was detected. The bitch made a complete recovery following the ovariohysterectomy and mastectomy. This case was a very rare multiple tumor occurrence with bilateral ovary granulosa cell tumor and mammary complex carcinoma. High progesterone concentration was characterized clinically in the bitch.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.7267-7270
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• 2015

Introduction: Kelantan is one of the states in Malaysia which has a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (DM2). Other than with endometrial carcinoma, the association of DM2 with particular female cancers is not known. Objective: To determine the proportion of breast, cervical, ovarian and endometrial cancers among females with DM2 diagnosed in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) over an 11 year period. Materials and Methods: All histologically confirmed cases of breast, endometrial, cervical and ovarian carcinomas admitted to the Hospital were included in the study. The patient diabetic status was traced from the hospital medical records. Results: There was a total of 860 cases of breast, cervical, ovarian and endometrial carcinomas over this period. Breast carcinoma was the commonest, accounting for 437/860 (50.8%) followed by cervix, 159/860 (18.5%), ovarian, 143/860 (16.6%) and endometrial carcinomas, 121/860 (14.1%). Out of these, 228/860 (26.5%) were confirmed diabetics. Endometrial carcinoma patients showed the highest proportion being diabetics, 42.1% (51/121), followed by ovarian cancer, 25.9% (37/143), breast carcinoma, 23.6% (103/437) and cervical cancer 23.3% (37/159). Conclusions: There is a significant proportion of DM2 among women with these four cancers, endometrial carcinoma being the highest followed by ovarian, breast and cervical carcinoma. The rising trend of these four cancers is in tandem with an increasing trend of DM2 in the community. In populations where diabetes is prevalent, screening for epithelial cancers should be rigourous. Diabetic clinics should include screening for these cancers among their female patients and gynecology clinics should screen the women they treat for their diabetes status.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.296-301
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• 1999

자궁의 MMMT와 자궁내막암을 감별진단할 수 있는 자기공명영상 소견을 알아보기 위하여 자궁적출술에 의해 병리적으로 확인된 5례의 MMMT와 14례의 자궁내막암을 대상으로 종괴의 크기, 자궁근층 및 자궁경부의 침범 유무, 종괴의 성장 양상, 신호강도와 조영증강의 정도 및 양상을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 종괴의 장경은 MMMT가 1.5-9cm(평균, 5.7cm)이었고, 자궁내막암은 0.5-6.0cm(평균, 2.5cm)이었다. MMMT 5례 중 3례에서 자궁경부의 침범이 확인되었는데, 이들은 자궁강과 자궁경부의 내강을 확장시키면서 외자궁구로 성장하는 양상을 보였으며, 자궁내막암은 14례 중 1례에서만 자궁경부 침범이 확인되었다. 자궁근층 침범의 유무, T1- 및 T2-강조영상에서의 신호강도와 균일성, 조영증강의 정도와 양상은 별다른 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과에서, MMMT와 자궁내막암을 감별할 수 있는 특이한 소견은 확인할 수 없었으나, 종괴가 5cm 이상으로 크고, 자궁경부 내강을 확장시키면서, 자궁경부를 침범하는 경우에는 MMMT의 가능성을 고려해야 할 것으로 생각한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.3051-3056
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• 2014

Previous studies have demonstrated that JMJD2A is a potential oncogene and is overexpressed in human tumors. However, its role in the endometrial carcinoma remains largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that JMJD2A was overexpressed in endometrial carcinoma, using immunohistochemistry, quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. Downregulation of JMJD2A led to reduced endometrial carcinoma RL95-2 and ISK cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis as asessed with cell counting kit-8, cell migration and invasive assays. Collectively, our results support that JMJD2A is a promoter of endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation and survival, and is a potential novel drug target.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7449-7452
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• 2015

Objective: Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women in developed countries. Affected patients may benefit from systemic chemotherapy, alone or in combination with targeted therapies if the disease is clinically diagnosed prior to expansion and metastasis to other organs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of c-kit mutations and comparision with tumor type and grade in human uterine endometrial carcinomas. Materials and Methods: Seventy five patients with endometrial carcinoma and seventy five normal controls were studied for possible mutations in exon 17 of the c-kit gene using single strand conformational polymorphisms and sequencing. Results: c-kit mutation in exon 17 appeared to be significantly different between endometrial carcinoma and normal endometrium. The pattern and frequency of the mutations was also shown to be different between tumors from different stages.