• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.347-355
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• 2013

Pain and pain control are important to the dental profession because the general perception of the public is that dental treatment and pain go hand in hand. Successful dental treatment requires that the source of pain be detected. If the origin of pain is not found, inappropriate dental care and, ultimately, extraction may result. Pain experienced before, during, or after endodontic therapy is a serious concern to both patients and endodontists, and the variability of discomfort presents a challenge in terms of diagnostic methods, endodontic therapy, and endodontic knowledge. This review will help clinicians understand the basic neurophysiology of pulpal pain and other painful conditions of the dental pulp that are not well understood.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.68-73
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• 2016

This case report describes a unique C-shaped mandibular second premolar with four canals and three apical foramina and its endodontic management with the aid of cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT). C-shaped root canal morphology with four canals was identified under a dental operating microscope. A CBCT scan was taken to evaluate the aberrant root canal anatomy and devise a better instrumentation strategy based on the anatomy. All canals were instrumented to have a 0.05 taper using 1.0 mm step-back filing with appropriate apical sizes determined from the CBCT scan images and filled using a warm vertical compaction technique. A C-shaped mandibular second premolar with multiple canals is an anatomically rare case for clinicians, yet its endodontic treatment may require a careful instrumentation strategy due to the difficulty in disinfecting the canals in the thin root area without compromising the root structure.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.51 no.10
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• pp.542-550
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• 2013

The immature teeth with apical periodontitis present considerable challenges to clinicians. Therefore, new treatment protocols have been suggested to overcome the problems encountered in traditional methods. Regenerative treatment (revascularization) is one of such methods. Many case reports on the revascularization of infected immature teeth have been published, and in most of them, immature teeth with even a periapical abscess continued root formation after the disinfection of the root canal system. We now believe that this continued root formation is not an exceptional incident. As a result, it appeared that apexification has been giving way to a revascularization technique, which is a new option, in treating necrotic immature teeth. These new methods appear to be based on the healing potential of stem cells. The potential of healing or regeneration of stem cells, which are located around teeth, seems to be greater than we thought before. This review summarizes the current techniques for considering regenerative endodontic treatment procedures in treating the immature permanent tooth with pulp necrosis.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Research into regenerative dentistry has added impetus onto the field of molecular biology. It can be documented as a prototype shift in the therapeutic armamentarium for dental disease. Regenerative endodontic procedures are widely being added to the current armamentarium of pulp therapy procedures. The regenerative potential of platelets has been deliberated. A new family of platelet concentrates called the platelet rich fibrin (PRF) has been recently used by several investigators and has shown application in diverse disciplines of dentistry. This paper is intended to add light on the various prospects of PRF and clinical insights to regenerative endodontic therapy.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.426-429
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• 1999

When the tooth avulsion occur in accidents the drying damage to the periodontal ligament has extremely detrimental effects on healing. Pulp necrosis always occurs after an avulsion injury, but revascularization can only take place in teeth with immature apexes. Therefore complications after avulsion injuries are common, and treatment must be carried out in a timely and correct fashion to prevent or limit these complications. Every effort should be made to replant the tooth within the first 15 to 20 minutes. If doubt exists that the tooth can be replanted adequately, the tooth should quickly be stored in an appropriate medium until the patient can get to the dental office for replantation. A complication of inflammatory root resorption is occurred by bacterial infection of periodontal ligament and dental pulp. Therefore aseptic endodontic treatment must be carried out in a timely and systemic antibiotics given at the time of replantation and before endodontic treatment are effective in preventing bacterial invasion. Further studies are needed to establish the clinical importance of preparation of the socket and root.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.106-108
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• 2019

This clinical report describes hemisection and endodontic treatment of first molar tooth and mandible fracture repair in a dog. A 10 years old spayed female shih-tzu was diagnosed as left mandibular fracture by oral examination and dental radiography. First, partial odontectomy of mesial root of mandibular first molar placed in fracture line was performed, and then endodontic treatment of distal root and bone graft in extraction site was performed. Thereafter the fracture region was fixed with interdental wiring and acryl resin splint. Mandibular fracture site was healed without any complications, observed for 19 weeks follow-up period. Upon this result, this case is proving that fractured mandible can be treated successfully with hemisection followed by bone graft, interdental wiring and acryl resin splint to preserve the remaining tooth for mastication rather than tooth extraction.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.58.1-58.8
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• 2021

Objectives: This study addresses the effect of using nanoparticles (np) on the antimicrobial properties of bioactive glass (BAG) when used in intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms. Materials and Methods: E. faecalis biofilms, grown inside 90 root canals for 21 days, were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the antimicrobial regimen followed (n = 20; BAG-np, BAG, calcium hydroxide [CaOH], and saline). After 1 week, residual live bacteria were quantified in terms of colony-forming units (CFU), while dead bacteria were assessed with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: Although there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean CFU value among all groups, the nano-group performed the best. The highest percentage of dead bacteria was detected in the BAG-np group, with a significant difference from the BAG group. Conclusions: The reduction of particle size and use of a nano-form of BAG improved the antimicrobial properties of the intracanal treatment of E. faecalis biofilms

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.17.1-17.8
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• 2022

Endodontic microsurgery is a predictable treatment option when orthograde treatment or retreatment is unsuccessful or unfeasible. However, when there is a gross compromise of periapical bone, achievement of bone regeneration after the surgical procedure may be hampered. In such cases, the application of guided tissue regeneration principles, with adjunctive use of leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin to fill the bone defect as a bone substitute and as a membrane to cover the site, provides a cost-effective solution with the benefits of accelerated physiological healing and reduced post-surgical pain and discomfort. This case report presents 2 cases of endodontic microsurgery of the upper lateral incisors with loss of buccal cortical plate, where platelet-rich fibrin was successfully applied.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.465-476
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• 2011

In current endodontic practice, introduction of operating microscope, ultrasonic instruments, and microinstruments has induced a big change in the field of surgical retreatment. In this study, we aimed to offer key steps of endodontic microsurgery procedure compared with traditional root-end surgery, and to evaluate factors influencing success and failure based on published articles. Endodontic microsurgery is a surgical procedure performed with the aid of a microscope, ultrasonic instruments and modern microsurgical instruments. The microscope provides magnification and illumination - essential for identifying minute details of the apical anatomy. Ultrasonic instruments facilitate the precise root-end preparation that is within the anatomical space of the canal. Modern endodontics can therefore be performed with precision and predictability, thus eliminating the disadvantages inherent in traditional periapical surgery such as large osteotomy, beveled apicoectomy, inaccurate root-end preparation and the inability to observe isthmus. Factors influencing the outcomes of endodontic microsurgery may be diverse, but standardization of procedures can minimize its range. Among patient and tooth-related factors, periodontal status and tooth position are known to be prognostic, but there are only few articles concerning this matter. High-evidence randomized clinical trials or prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.316-323
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• 2017

Objectives: This study compared the amount of apically extruded bacteria during the glide-path preparation by using multi-file and single-file glide-path establishing nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary systems. Materials and Methods: Sixty mandibular first molar teeth were used to prepare the test apparatus. They were decoronated, blocked into glass vials, sterilized in ethylene oxide gas, infected with a pure culture of Enterococcus faecalis, randomly assigned to 5 experimental groups, and then prepared using manual stainless-steel files (group KF) and glide-path establishing NiTi rotary files (group PF with PathFiles, group GF with G-Files, group PG with ProGlider, and group OG with One G). At the end of canal preparation, 0.01 mL NaCl solution was taken from the experimental vials. The suspension was plated on brain heart infusion agar and colonies of bacteria were counted, and the results were given as number of colony-forming units (CFU). Results: The manual instrumentation technique tested in group KF extruded the highest number of bacteria compared to the other 4 groups (p < 0.05). The 4 groups using rotary glide-path establishing instruments extruded similar amounts of bacteria. Conclusions: All glide-path establishment instrument systems tested caused a measurable apical extrusion of bacteria. The manual glide-path preparation showed the highest number of bacteria extruded compared to the other NiTi glide-path establishing instruments.