• Animal cells and systems
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2002

Although cardiac distribution of specific receptors for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was mainly observed in the ventricular endocardium, the modulation of ANP receptors in relation to cardiac development is not defined. The present study was undertaken to investigate ANP receptor modulation in rat during development. In the developmental stages examined (fetus, after postnatal 3-days, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 8-week-old Sprague Dawley rats) specific ANP binding sites were localized in the right and left ventricular endo-cardia by quantitative in vitro receptor autoradiography using (equation omitted)-rat ANP as labeled ligand. The specific bindings to endocardium were much higher in the right than the left ventricle. The binding affinities of ANP were much higher in the right than the left ventricular endocardium. The difference of these binding affinities among various developmental stages was not observed in the right ventricle, whereas the binding affinity in left ventricle was gradually increased with aging and reached the peak value at 8 weeks. No significant difference in maximal binding capacities of endocardial bindings was observed in the right and left ventricular endocardia during developmental stages. Also, cGMP production via activation of particulate guanylyl cyclase-coupled receptor subtypes in the ventricular membranes was gradually decreased with close relationship to aging. Therefore, the present study show that the endocardial ANP receptor is modulated with close relationship to cardiac development in the left ventricle rather than the right ventricle, and may be involved in regulating myocardial contractility in left heart.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2015

꼬막 심신낭복합체의 미세해부학적 구조를 해부 및 광학현미경을 이용하여 기재하였다. 심신낭복합체는 발 기저부 위쪽, 내장낭 등쪽 부근과 후폐각근 사이의 위심강 안에 위치하였다. 심장은 하나의 심실과 두 개의 심방으로 구성되었으며, 신장은 좌 우 한 쌍으로 구성되어 있었다. 심방과 심실은 심외막, 심근, 심내막으로 구성된다. 심외막은 단층상피층으로서 입방형 상피세포로 구성되며, 이들 상피세포의 핵은 중앙에 위치하고 강한 호염기성을 나타냈다. 심근은 다수의 근섬유 다발로 구성되며, 근섬유 다발은 심방보다 심실에서 더 치밀하게 나타났다. 심내막은 단층상피층으로서 편평상피세포로 구성되며, 핵은 중앙에 위치하고 강한 호염기성을 나타냈다. 심방에서 심내막의 두께는 $6.04({\pm}2.26){\mu}m$였고, 심실에서 심내막의 상피층 두께는 $7.36({\pm}3.21){\mu}m$로 심방에서보다 심실에서 더 두껍게 나타났다. 신장은 다수의 세뇨관으로 모인 집합적 구조였으며, 신장의 세뇨관은 단층상피층으로서 원주형 상피세포로 구성되었다. 핵은 기저부에 존재하였으며, 세포질에는 다수의 과립들이 관찰되었고 자유면에는 선조연이 발달되어 있었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to determine if contrast media would enhance visualization of the endocardium for assessment of left ventricle (LV) function. In addition, differences between pre- and post-contrast evaluation for the cardiac output measurements including the modified Simpson's method and automated contour tracking (ACT) method were examined. Ten clinically healthy adult beagle dogs (three males and seven females) between 2~3 years old and weighing 6.6~10.8 kg were used. Echocardiographic examinations were performed to compare pre- and post-contrast LV endocardium visualization using a segmental scoring method. Two different methods for measuring cardiac output were also compared. LV visualization was significantly enhanced in post-contrast echocardiography (p < 0.01). Significant differences between pre- and post-contrast measurements for the modified Simpson's method (p < 0.05) were also observed. No significant difference was found for the ACT method. Contrast echocardiography provides better LV chamber opacification and significantly improves wall segment visualization. Furthermore, contrast echocardiography for measuring cardiac output is helpful for the modified Simpson's method.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2015

참붕어 심장의 조직학적 구조를 광학현미경을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 참붕어의 심장은 정맥동, 심방, 심실 및 동맥구가 연속적으로 배열되어 있었다. 정맥동은 조직학적으로 심내막, 심근층, 심외막층으로 구분되었고, 심방과 심실은 심내막, 심내막하층, 심외막하층 및 심외막으로 구분되었으며, 동맥구는 심내막, 심내막하층, 중간층, 심외막하층 및 심외막으로 구분되었다. 정맥동과 심방, 심방과 심실 및 심실과 동맥구 사이에는 판막이 존재하였다. 정맥동은 대부분 아교질로 구성된 외벽을 가지고 있었으며 정맥동과 심방의 연결부위에는 고리 모양의 조직이 분포하였다. 심방은 얇은 심근층에 의해서 형성된 비연속적인 테두리가 소주들에 의해 형성된 해면성 심근을 둘러싸고 있었고, 심외막하층과 소주에는 아교질이 분포하였다. 심실의 심근층은 해면성 심근으로 이루어져 있고, 심외막하층에는 혈관이 분포하였으며, 심실의 심외막하층과 소주에는 아교질이 분포하였다. 동맥구에서 심내막하층에 의해 형성된 이랑은 직경과 길이가 매우 다양했고, 심내막 세포는 볼록한 모양이었으며, 심내막하층의 세포들은 불규칙한 모양이었으나 무리를 지어 분포하지는 않았다. 중간층의 세포들은 배열방향이 다르게 불규칙한 층을 이루었고, 심외막하층에서는 서로 다른 모양의 세포들이 관찰되었다. 동맥구의 심내막하층, 중간층 및 심외막하층에는 아교질과 탄력소가 풍부하였고, 심외막은 한 층의 편평한 세포들로 이루어져 있었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVII)
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• pp.871-872
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• 2005

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.406-411
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• 2014

The initial step of atrioventricular (AV) valve development involves the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components of the endocardial cushion and the endocardialmesenchymal transition. While the appropriately regulated expression of the major ECM components, Versican and Hyaluronan, that form the endocardial cushion is important for heart valve development, the underlying mechanism that regulates ECM gene expression remains unclear. We found that zebrafish crip2 expression is restricted to a subset of cells in the AV canal (AVC) endocardium at 55 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Knockdown of crip2 induced a heart-looping defect in zebrafish embryos, although the development of cardiac chambers appeared to be normal. In the AVC of Crip2-deficient embryos, the expression of both versican a and hyaluronan synthase 2 (has2) was highly upregulated, but the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (bmp4) and T-box 2b (tbx2b) in the myocardium and of notch1b in the endocardium in the AVC did not change. Taken together, these results indicate that crip2 plays an important role in AV valve development by downregulating the expression of ECM components in the endocardial cushion.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제32B권10호
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• pp.1294-1304
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• 1995

In this paper, a method has been proposed for the fully automatic detection of left ventricular endocardial boundary in B-mode short axis echocardiography without manual intervention by human operator. The proposed method makes use of the weighted model that approximates to endocardium and incomplete edge information for echocardiography. Therefore, this method is more effective than boundary detection by only edge information. The implementation of this method is as follows. First, the proposed algorithms are used in order to detect the approximate boundary, then a weighted model with the approximate boundary is constructed. Finally, the cavity center of the left ventricle performing the Hough transform with the weighted model and edge image can be found automatically, and then the endocardial boundary using detected center, original image, weighted model, and edge image can be detected. validations of this method with experimental results on echo image of dog's heart and clinical echocardiography is verified.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.118-120
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• 2012

Loeffler's endocarditis involves progressive eosinophilic infiltration of the endocardium, which leads to apical thrombotic obliteration of the ventricle and endomyocardial fibrosis, that may finally represent a characteristic feature of restrictive cardiomyopathy. This paper presents a case of a 44-year-old male with symptoms of dyspnea and peripheral hypereosinophilia, who was diagnosed with early stage Loeffler's endocarditis via multicardiac imaging modalities.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.601-606
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• 1997

Mulberry heart disease was associated with vitamin E and selenium deficiency of pigs. Anatomical findings of this disease were hydropericadium, extensive patchy hemorrhage of epicardium, endocardium, and discoloration of dark red color of myocardium. In histological findings were characterized by acute myocardial degeneration, extensive hemorrhage, fibrinoid degeneration of arterioles, PAS positive material deposition of arterioles and capillary thrombosis. In affected herds, feed and serum tocopherol and selenium concentration were less than normal values.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.526-532
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• 1983

This is a report of one case of Loffler`s eosinophilic endocarditis associated with mitral insufficiency and LV thrombi treated surgically at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital. This patient was a 42 year old female and she has complains of dyspnea, palpitation, orthopnea and generalized edema. Above symptoms has been going for 4 months and NYHA classification was IV. On examination, blood eosinophil was 45 to 50% [WBC-9800 ]. MI and LV thrombi were confirmed by LV ventriculography and echocardiography. Pulmonary congestion and congestive cardiac failure were diagnosis by X-Ray examination, EKG finding and clinical feature and others there were no organic functional disturbance. Mitral valve replacement was performed with Ionescu-Shiley pericardial valve [29mm] replacement. Adjust thumb sized grayish brown colored two thrombi were excluded, lodged in the apex and septal endocardium of LV. Endocardial fibrosis was reliably confirmed under the gross pathology in the heart. The patient had smooth postoperative course and there were no operative complication.