• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.108-115
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• 1991

Endobronchial tuberculosis is a serious disease which is frequently complicated with bronchial stenosis, and it may simulate a bronchial asthma or bronchogenic carcinoma. We have analyzed the clinical characteristics of endobronchial tuberculosis in 166 patients, and we introduce new classification of endobronchial tuberculosis. Endobronchial tuberculosis is classified into seven subtypes as stenotic type with fibrosis, stenotic type without fibrosis, actively caseating type, tumorous type, ulcerative type, granular type and nonspecific bronchitic type, according to the bronchoscopic findings. Actively caseaing type, stenotic type without fibrosis, nonspecific bronchitic type and stenotic type with fibrosis are predominant in the order of frequency, but ulcerative type and granular type are relatively rare. Stenotic type with or without fibrosis, actively caseating type and tumorous type of endobronchial tuberculosis are closely related to bronchial stenoses. We believe that our new classification of endobronchial tuberculosis, which is based on bronchoscopic features, is helpful to understand the pathogenesis of disease and to make a therapeutic plan for preventing or minimizing bronchial stenosis.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.122-127
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• 1997

Carcinosarcoma of the lung is a rare turner with an admixture of malignant epithelial(carcinomatous) and malignant mesenchymal (sarcomatous) components. Clinicopathologically, pulmonary carcinosarcoma has been divided into two types by its anatomical locations and growth nature, peripheral parenchymal and central endobronchial variants. We experienced an endobronchial carcinosarcoma that induced complete atelectasis of the right lung due to polypoid growing mass from the right upper lobe bronchus in a 67 year old male smoker. The patient underwent a successful right pneumonectomy. The tumor was composed of squamous cell carcinoma with variable sarcomatous differentiation into myogenous and undifferenciated sarcoma that demonstrated by immunohistochemical study. The patient has been doing well for the last seven months since the operation, without metastases or turner recurrence.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.564-567
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• 1993

Carcinosarcoma of the lung is an admixture of cardinomatous and sarcomatous lesion and accounts for 0.3% of all pulmonary neoplasm. Clinicopathological features are often related to anatomical location : central endobronchial type and peripheral parenchymal type. Noninvasive diagnostic tests had a low yield in detection carcinosarcoma. Metastasis to regional lymph nodes and to distant organ is common. The prognosis is poor and the median survival is less than one year.Two cases of carcinosarcoma patients are reported here - one case is composed of undifferent cell carcinoma and spindle cell sarcoma in the male of 72 year old and the other case squamous cell carcinoma and spindle cell sarcoma in the male of 65 year old.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.496-500
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• 2006

A distant metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma is quite common after a radical nephrectomy. For this reason, a5 year scheduled follow up is recommended. However, a distant metastasis 5 years after the resection is quite rare. We encountered an endobronchial metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma that was discovered 7 years after the radical nephrectomy, and did not present during the 5 year scheduled follow up regimen. We report this case with a review of the literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.941-947
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• 1988

The mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bronchus is very rare neoplasm. The histological appearance is an intimate mixture of mucous-producing cell and epidermoid cell. The malignant potency of the tumor was determined by histologic pattern. Bronchoplasty techniques represent the ideal form of excisional therapy for benign endobronchial tumor as well as tumors of low-grade malignant potential, such as bronchial adenoma, and for repair of traumatic airway injuries and benign stricture and selected group of patients with carcinoma of the lung. We experienced a case of-low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a patient of 21-year old male who has been suffered from hemoptysis episodes for several years. The sleeve resection of left main bronchus and left lower lobectomy due to bronchiectatic change were carried out. The patient are being followed up without specific problem.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.789-793
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• 2003

Primary pulmonary angiosarcomas are extremely rare tumors. The diagnosis is often delayed due to nonspecific symptoms, mimicking pulmonary embolism and require careful clinical evaluation to exclude metastasis from the heart, pericardium, and distant extrathoracic sites. Most diagnosis are made postmortem. We report a case of primary pulmonary angiosarcoma histopathologically confirmed postoperatively, which was clinically suspected endobronchial carcinoma with endobronchial obstruction with relavant literature review.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.71 no.5
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• pp.355-358
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• 2011

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a useful, safe diagnostic modality for evaluating mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy. We report a 51-year-old male who presented with a left renal mass and multiple pleural masses without lung parenchymal lesions. The pleural masses were thought to be metastatic tumors or malignant mesothelioma. The patient underwent two percutaneous needle biopsies of the pleural mass, but the specimens were insufficient for a histopathological diagnosis. Because one pleural mass was adjacent to the right main bronchus, we decided to perform EBUS-TBNA for the pleural mass. As a result, sufficient core tissue was obtained with no complications, and the histopathological findings were consistent with metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of using EBUS-TBNA for a pleural mass.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.285-293
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• 2002

Background : The lung is the most common site for a metastasis of extrapulmonary malignant tumors. however, reports on an endobronchial metastasis are rare. An endobronchial metastasis is defined as a documented extrapulmonary neoplasms metastatic to the segmental or more proximal central bronchus within a bronchoscopically visible range. The purpose of this study was to define the clinical characteristics of an endobronchial metastasis of extrapulmonary malignancies. Materials and Methods : The clinical features and treatment outcomes of 27 endobronchial metastatic cancer cases were reviewed from June, 1991 to May, 2001 in the Severance Hospital. Results : The patients' age ranged from 18 to 75. There were 17 men and 10 women. The primary tumors included the colorectum in 7, the uterine cervix in 4, the stomach and the breast in 3 patients each, and an osteosarcoma in 2 patients. The main complaint of most patients was coughing and a chest X-ray revealed a hilar mass, a parenchymal, and an atelectasis. The mean recurrence interval time was 45.5 months. The median and mean survival times were 10 and 12.3 months, respectively. Conclusion : An endobronchial metastasis is an ominous finding, and is associated with advanced-stage diseases. It requires differential diagnosis with a primary bronchogenic carcinoma. If atypical clinical features are present or an atypical cell type is discovered by a biopsy of the lesion in the lung mass, the appropriate diagnostic studies should be undertaken.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.616-620
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• 1992

A sleeve lobectomy is an appropriate operative procedure in patients with endobronchial neoplasms of low-grade malignancies in the proximal airways and for a small but significant number of patients with carcinoma. Here, we present eleven cases of sleeve lobectomy which were performed from 1984 to the August of 1991 in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Seoul National University Hospital. The sex distribution was 6 males and 5 females in the age range from twenty to sixty seven, with an average of 44.9 years. The pathologic diagnoses were 7 cases of pulmonary malignancies: carcinoid in two, mucoepidermoid carcinoma in two, adenoid cystic carcinoma in one, adenocarcinoma in one, and squamous carcinoma in one. Other diagnoses were two cases of tuberculous bronchial strictures and two cases of benign tumors: one case of pesudolymphoma and one case of neurilemmoma. The procedures consisted of five right upper sleeve lobectomies [Fig. 1], four left upper sleeve lovectomies [Fig. 2], one left lower sleeve lobectomy[Fig. 3], and one right middle and lower lobetomy [Fig. 4]. All except one had a normal preoperative pulmonary function. The case which had a poor pulmonary function was a 66-year-old female adenocarcinoma patient. She seemed to be very intolerable to pneumonectomy [predicted FEV1=0.60L]. Therefore, she had a right sleeve upper lobectomy and experienced smooth postoperative course without any pulmonary problems. All cases had good postoperative results and no postoperative complications.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.4
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• pp.428-431
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• 2015

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) of lung is a minor subset of salivary type carcinoma of lung of known low grade malignancy. Histologically, two-cell components forming duct-like structure with inner epithelial cell layer and outer myoepithelial cell layer are characteristics of EMC. In salivary gland, dedifferentiation of conventional low grade malignancy has been reported and is thought to be related with poor prognosis. However, precise histomorphology and prognostic factors of pulmonary EMC have not been clarified due to its rarity. Herein, we reported a rare case of EMC presented as endobronchial mass in a 53-year old woman, which showed predominant solid lobular growth pattern and lymph node metastases.