• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the structure of the vegetation on the trail of Hallyeo Marine & Coastal National Park. Twenty six $10{\times}10m$ plots were established along the Jisimdo trail. The vascular plants were surveyed from March 2011 to October 2011. Camellia japonica was a major woody species in the study area, while Pinus thunbergii and Zanthoxylum ailanthoides were co-dominant tree species. There were positive correlations between Distylium racemosum and Ligustrum japonicum var. japonicum; Callicarpa japonica var. luxurians and Eurya japonical; Actinodaphne lancifolia and Cinnamomum japonicum; A. lancifolia and Machilus japonica. Positive correlations were found between A. lancifolia and P. thunbergii; Z. ailanthoides and C. japonicum. Species diversity (H') was ranged from 0.51907 to 1.0217, and was relatively low compared to those of same national parks. 10 populations of Milletia japonica which are rare and endemic species, were recorded from the list of rare and endemic species of the Ministry of Environment near by ammo dumps, this study recommend the long term habitat monitoring of the species.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.49-99
• /
• 2021

Gwangdeoksan Mountain (699.3 m) is the highest border mountain between the two cities of Chungcheongnamdo Province, Cheonan and Asan, Korea. In this study, we investigated the flora of Gwangdeoksan Mt. from April of 2015 to October of 2017. Through 20 independent field investigations, we identified and tallied a total of 428 species, 9 subspecies, 30 varieties, and a forma in 287 genera and 97 families. Of a total of 468 taxa, 128 taxa in 112 genera and 58 families were found to be Korean endemic species (7 taxa), floristic regional indicator species (45 taxa), rare or endangered species (3 taxa), species subject to the approval of outbound transfer (73 taxa), and alien or ecosystem disturbing species (32 taxa). The flora of Gwangdeoksan Mt. can be divided into four distinct floristic subregions, with higher diversity in the north-facing subregion. The complex flora of Gwangdeoksan Mt., emerging at the edge of two floristic regions of the Korean peninsula, may represent a significant conservation priority and a topic for future ecological and geographical studies.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.160-170
• /
• 2023

Life history of the endangered endemic species, Rhynchocypris semotilus, was investigated to obtain baseline data for its ecological characteristics in Songhyeoncheon, Hyeonnae-myeon, Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea from April to October, 2022. A total of 10 families and 18 species of fishes were collected from 4 survey stations, and R. semotilus was a subdominant species in the survey period (seven times). The main habitat of R. semotilus was the middle-upper stream of rock and boulder bottoms with aquatic plants and slow rapids and pools. The age groups for R. semotilus estimated by the frequency distribution of total length in spawning season (May) indicated the 4~12 mm is 0-year old, 32~49 mm is 1-year old, the 50~65 mm group is 2-years old, the 66~91 mm is 3-years old, and the 92~116 mm is more than 4-years old, and showed rapid growth from May to September. Total length range of female and male were the relatively similar, and sex ratio (♂/♀) was 0.78. The spawning period is from May to July (water temperature is 17 to 21℃), and gonad was developed more than three years old (more than TL 66 mm). In May, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was 10.6±2.99% for females and 8.2±2.34% for males, fecundity was 6,830±1,943, and mature eggs size was 1.34±0.16 mm. Finally, life history characteristics of R. semotilus was discussed between the genus Rhynchocypris and Phoxinus species.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.222-246
• /
• 2012

Present paper is an outcome of a four-year floristic survey work carried out in Upper Siang district of eastern Himalayan region in India which is also recognized as one of the 39 known 'Biodiversity Hot-Spots' of the world. We present here with a vegetation analysis of this area along with a checklist of 1,003 taxa belonging to 110 families, 529 genera, 994 species, 1 subspecies and 8 varieties of the angiosperms. Besides, one new species, 3 new records to India and 82 endemic species were also recorded. The diversity of herbs and shrubs were found higher than the tree species. Orchidaceae was found the most dominant family followed by Poaceae and Fabaceae. Many threatened plants have also been reported from the area. However, rapid urbanization and Jhum cultivation are imposing direct threat to the natural vegetation. We suggest some conservation measures that could help protecting this natural heritage.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.214-226
• /
• 2013

The habitats characteristics of Pedicularis ishidoyana were investigated to provide basic data for conservation and restoration. The altitude ranged from 107m to 494m, with inclinations of $5{\sim}20^{\circ}$. As a result of vegetation survey within natural populations, a total of 243 taxa were identified 18 quadrates in 6 natural habitats. The importance value of Pedicularis ishidoyana is 13.2% based on the coverage and frequency of the herb layer with in the populations. NMS analysis, environmental impact of Pedicularis ishidoyana a decisive impact on the habitat factors, the species composition of the woody layer, rather than the species composition of the herb layer can say is more dominant. Preservation of habitat conditions is important for stable maintenance the flora, and the surrounding area including habitats has to be desegnated a protection area for habitats preservation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.112-120
• /
• 2006

It is possible to divide the historical changes of slope revegetation in Japan into five periods as follows; 1) The early period after creation(1927-1948), 2) The spreading period of modern revegetation work with manpower(1947-1958), 3) The spreading period of rapid revegetation technique using exotic grasses with machineries(1959-1985${\dots}$), 4) The spreading period of rapid reforestation technique by fast growing species mainly using leguminous shrub species(1986-1995${\dots}$), 5) The developing period of nature restoration technique using endemic arborous species(1996-). Recently main purpose of slope revegetation has been developing from the erosion protection to the nature restoration in the current of the 5th period. It is said that the role of the Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology(JSRT) is critical to the history of slope revegetation in Japan. 'The tentative guidelines of slope nature restoration' was announced by JSRT in 2004. In the guidelines, it was proposed that the planning techniques of using suitable seeds/plants based on the preservation level at the each construction sites. Moreover, the use of soil seed bank is the new and important study theme in the field of nature restoration. Consequently, at present the importance of advanced monitoring methods for vegetation maintenance and plant sociologic survey to evaluate the plant succession is increasing. Finally, some critical concepts are necessary to develop the field of restoration in Korea as follows; 1) monitoring of constructed sites, 2) ensuring of biodiversity, 3) recognition of slow revegetation and mosaic arrangement in revegetation, 4) reuse and recycle on the construction sites, and 5) promotion of specialist.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.431-451
• /
• 1996

The present studwas undertaken to classify and describe the riverside vegetation around Hanchon (36°27’-36°51’N, 128°15’-128°37’E), a tributary in the upper stream area of Nak-tong River, South Korea by methods of the ZM school of phytosociology. As a result the vegetation was divided into twenty three associations and communities belonging to ten classes. Reflecting various human impacts in the past, the associations and communities of the Artemisietea principis were most plentiful there. The vegetation units obtained in the present study were as follows: A. forest vegetation A-1 Fagetea crenatae:Zelkova serrata community, Larix leptolepis community; B. Shrub vegetation B-1 Salicetea sachalinensis:Salicetum gracilistylae, Salicetum graciliglandis assoc. nov., B-2 Rosetea sachalinensis:Salicetum gracilistylae, Salicetum graciliglandis assoc. nov., B-2 Rosetea multiflorae:Stephanandra incisa community, Lycium chinense community; C. Grassland vegetation C-1 Lemnetea minoris:Spirodela polyrhiza-Lemna paucicostata community, C-2 Bidentetea tripartiti:Polygonetum thunbergii, Polygonetum sieboldii-hydropiperis, Panico Polygonetum hydropiperis, Pharagmitetea :Oenantho- Phalaridetum arundinaceae, Phragmitetum japonicae, Miscanthetum sacchariflori, Phragmites australis community, C-4 Artemisietea principis:Artemisia princeps community, Impatiens textori community, Lactuco indicae-Humuletum japonicae, Pueraria lobata-Humulus japonicus community, Pennisetum alopecuroides community, C-5 chenopodietea:Echinochloa crus-galli var. orizicola community, Digitaria adsecendens community, Polygonum nodosum community, C-6 Miscanthetea sinensis: Miscanthus sinensis community, C-7 Plantaginetea:Eragrotis multicaulis-Plantago asiatica community. It is inferred that the endemic vegetation units in the riverside vegetation of Korea are very rare, because most of the vegetation units obtained in the present study are common with those of Japan. Among the above vegetation units, the Salicetum graciliglandis was established as a new association. On the other hand, the associations and communities of classes characterizing the riverside vegetation increased with a decrease of human impacts from the downstream to the upstream in Hanchon, while the number of the naturalized plants was the reverse. Also based on the present phytosociological work, the relation between the vegetation units and their environmental conditions and the restoration ecology and nature conservation of the riverside vegetation were discussed here in detail.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.377-380
• /
• 2001

Herbivory is an important selective forces on plants by reducing the ability of the plant to compete with its neighbors and to produce offspring. Oak nut weevil(Mechoris ursulus Roelofs) females lay eggs in unmatured acorns and cut off the branch of oviposited acorns. To investigate the influences of branch-cutting behavior of oak nut weevils on oak production, we surveyed the horizontal and vertical distribution ranges of damaged oaks and depth of sites of overwintering larvae and quantified the amounts of biomass and acorn removed by the weevils on deciduous oak species. All of the endemic oak species in Korea were damaged by oak nut weevils in all of the study sites including Mt. Halla and Mt. Seorak. The upper limit of vertical distribution of damaged oaks by the weevils raried from 700 m to 900 m. Mostly their larvae were found in soil from 8.1 cm to 10.0 cm depth in winter. Percentage of annual net primary productivity($720g{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}day^{-1}$) of oak species removed by the weevils was about 7%, which is higher than the percentage removed by all the herbivores in typical temperate forest(5%) and equivalent to that by all the herbivores in tropical forest. The predation percentage of annual acorn production by oak nut weevil was 27% in Q. mongolica and 33% in Q. acutissima. This results indicate that the branch-cutting behavior of oak nut weevil may be the most important factor regulating oak population and affecting other predators dependent on acorns.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.26 no.11
• /
• pp.1341-1344
• /
• 2016

Dendropanax morbifera is an endemic tree species of Korea, it is restricted to the southern parts of Korea. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) for Dendropanax morbifera grown at Bogil-do, Korea was determined. We investigated the sequence-based phylogenetic relationships of plants related and clarified its taxonomical position. The determined sequences consisted of 689 residues. ITS1 was 222 bp long while ITS2 was 233 bp long. The 5.8S rDNA was 160 bp long. The ITS region sequences of the Dendropanax species included in this study were obtained from GenBank. Oreopanax polycephalus was used as the outgroup. A pairwise alignment was calculated using the Clustal X program. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining method using the Tree view program. Sequence similarities among species including D. morbifera Bogil-do isolate showed the range 92.6 to 99.7% in sequence-based phylogenetic analysis using total 615 base pairs of ITS1, 5.8S rDNA and ITS2. D. morbifera Bogil-do isolate exhibited the highest degree of relatedness to D. chevalieri, sharing 99.7% ITS region similarity. D. morbifera Bogil-do isolate also showed to D. trifidus, sharing 99.4% ITS region similarity.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.206-213
• /
• 2008

Fish fauna and community structure were investigated at 2003, 2004 and 2006 in Lake Paldang and its inflows. In this survey, we collected 54 species belong to 14 families. Family Cyprinidae take 51.9% (28 species), Cobitidae and Gobiidae occupied 7.4% (each 4 species), respectively. E. erythropterus (11.8%) was dominant species and L. macrochirus (10.2%), designated as an ecosystem-invasive alien fish species by Ministry of Environment, M. yaluensis (9.1%), Z. platypus (7.7%) and R. brunneus (6.7%) were dominated in turn. H. molitrix, C. lutheri, P. altivelis, S. microdorsalis, L. costata. S. gracilis majimae, A. rivularis, P. koreanus. S. scherzeri and O. platycephala were rare species (less than 0.1% in relative abundance). In-lake area, 36 species of fishes belonging to 11 families were collected, and 48 species of 13 families were from inflows. The number of Korean endemic species were 19 species (35.2%), and 4 kinds of exotic species (7.4%), that is, C. cuvieri, H. molitrix, L. macrochirus and M. salmoides were found at this survey area. It was revealed by the analysis of fish community that diversity and richness indices were prominent at tributaries, and dominance index was high at the main body of Lake Paldang. Fish fauna showed rapid decline after dam construction which make the mid-Han river systems to lentic ecosystem, so many of meander-riffle fishes were disappeared dramatically. But after 1990s when installation of small scale wastewater treatment plants started in watershed, the water quality of small tributaries was improved. And also, expansion of the natural macrophytic vegetation of littoral zone should contribute to the development of diverse fish fauna in Lake Paldang.