• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.194-203
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• 2013

Objectives: To investigate the effect of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on periodontal healing of replanted teeth in animal models. Materials and Methods: The authors searched MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge and Scopus for articles published up to Oct 2012. Animal studies in which EMD was applied in transplanted or replanted teeth with adequate controls and histological data were considered. Normal periodontal healing or root resorption determined by histology after EMD was applied in replanted teeth with adequate controls was used as outcome measures. The following search strategy was used: ('Emdogain' OR 'enamel matrix proteins' OR 'enamel matrix derivative') AND ('avulsion' OR 'transplantion' OR 'autotransplantation' OR 'replantation'). Results: Six animal studies were included in the final review. There was great heterogeneity in study design among included studies. Two studies with similar study designs were identified and analyzed by a meta-analysis. The pooled estimates showed a significantly higher normal healing and surface resorption and significantly less inflammatory and replacement resorption in EMD-treated groups compared with non-EMD-treated groups. Conclusions: With the limitations of this systematic review, the use of EMD led to greater normal periodontal healing and surface root resorption and less inflammatory and replacement root resorption in the presence of periodontal ligaments. However, no definite conclusion could be drawn with regard to the effect of EMD on periodontal healing and root resorption when no periodontal ligaments exist.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.186-192
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• 2004

Purpose: Human tooth proteins are highly heterogeneous, comprising diverse proteins derived from a number of genes. The attempts to identify protein for activity of tooth matrix proteins have been defied by several factors. First, the amount of proteins within teeth is very small relative to many extracellular matrix proteins of other tissues. Second, the bioassay system is tedious and needed for long time. Therefore we tried to find easy techniques, which increase the product rate, and an assay of small proteins, with which amino acid sequence is possible without additional procedures. Materials and Methods: Total protein were extracted from 300 g enamel removed teeth and 600 g teeth with 4 mol/L guanidine HCl and purified by gel chromatography. Aliquot of proteins was implanted into muscle pouches in Sprague-Dawley rats for bioassay. By SDS-PAGE and membrane blotting, molecular weight of each protein was estimated and a partial amino acid sequence was obtained. Each fraction blotted on the membrane was cut out and inserted in rat ectopic model. Results: In dissociative method, total tooth proteins were obtained 1mg/ml from enamel removed teeth and 3.5 mg/ml from teeth. In SDS-PAGE, four clear bands at the sites corresponding to 66, 40, 20 and 18 kD. Especially The 66 kD band was clearly exhibited. Amino acid sequencing from tooth could be possible using PVDF membrane blotting technique. In amino acid sequencing, 66 kD protein was identified as albumin. Conclusion: Compared with conventional method for extraction of teeth protein and bioassay of proteins, the methods in this study were easy, time-saving and more productive technique. The matured tooth proteins omitting additional procedure of mechanical removal of enamel were simply analyzed using blotted PVDF membrane. This method seems to make a contribution as a technique for bioassay and amino acid sequencing of protein.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2016

Tooth development shows dynamic morphological changes from the stages of cap to hard tissue formation and is strictly regulated during development. In the present study, we compared expression and localization of 3 major enamel matrix proteins in rats: amelogenin, enamel and ameloblastin. DD-PCR and RT-PCR revealed differential expression of the major proteins from the cap stage to root stage. Immunofluorescence staining results indicated that amelogenin was not detected in either inner enamel epithelium or reduced enamel epithelium, but highly immunoreactive in preameloblasts and ameloblasts; in addition, it was sporadically expressed in preodontoblasts abutting preameloblasts. Ameloblastin expression was also observed in not only differentiated ameloblasts but also osteoblasts. Immunoreactivity to ameloblastin in ameloblasts was strong in Tomes' processes. Enamelin was exclusively localized along the entire newly formed and maturing enamel. Enamelin was largely localized in near Tomes' processes and enamel rods in maturing enamel. Alendronate treatment resulted in down-regulation of amelogenin and ameloblastin at both transcription and translation levels; whereas, enamelin expression was unchanged in response to the treatment. These results suggested that amelogenin, ameloblastin and enamelin might be implicated in cell differentiation, adhesion of ameloblasts to enamel and enamel crystallization during enamel matrix formation, respectively.

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치주과학회 2006년도 제46회 종합학술대회 연제초록
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• pp.11-12
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• 2006

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치주과학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.29-29
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• 2004

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2010

In recent years, a number of special treatment procedures have been introduced to reestablish new tooth supporting tissues with varying degrees of success including guided tissue regeneration(GTR), bone grafting(BG) and the use of enamel matrix derivative(EMD). EMD is an extract of enamel matrix and contains amelogenins of various molecular weights. Emdogain(EMD) might have some advantages over other methods of regenerating the tissue supporting teeth lost by gum disease, such as less postoperative complications. Emdogain contains proteins(derived from developing pig teeth) believed to regenerate tooth attachment. The decrease in probing depth after EMD treatment is achieved primarily by clinical attachment gain and bone regeneration and only to a minor extent by gingival recession. In conclsion, EMD seems to be safe, was able to regenerate lost periodontal tissues in previously diseased sites based on clinical parameters.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.486-492
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• 2012

치아 발생 동안 법랑질모세포에서의 Dynamin II 단백질 발현 강도는 출생 후 1일째 생쥐에 비해 출생 후 3일째와 출생 후 5일째 생쥐에서 각각 48%와 50%로 유의성 있게 증가하였으나, 출생 후 7일째와 출생 후 10일째 생쥐에서는 출생후 1일째의 생쥐에 비해 각각 16%와 12%로 유의성 있게 감소하였다. 이 결과로부터 Dynamin II가 분비법랑질모세포에서 형성되는 법랑기질 단백질인 amelogenin, ameloblastin, enamelin과 MMP-20 등과의 분비과립 수송에 연관됨이 보여졌다. Dynamin II는 치아 발생과정 중 발현되는 다양한 법랑기질을 구성하는 단백질을 포함하는 분비소포 형성을 촉진함으로써 과립의 수송에 관여할 것이라 생각되며 법랑질모세포에서의 법랑기질 단백질의 분비조절 가능성이 있음이 보여졌다. 따라서 Dynamin II를 통한 치주질환을 위한 유전자 치료와 법랑질 혹은 상아질의 유실 부분의 재생산의 자극과 촉진에도 임상적으로 사용될 수 있는 가능성이 있음이 보여졌다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.961-974
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• 2005

Various biological approaches to the promotion of periodontal regeneration have been used. These can be divided into the use of growth and differentiation factors, application of extracellular matrix proteins and attachment factors and use of mediators of bone metabolism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of enamel matrix protein and platelet-rich plasma on the treatment of intrabony defect, with bovine-derived bone powder in humans by digital subtraction radiography. 12 teeth(experimental I group) were treated with enamel matrix protein combined with bovine-derived bone powder and 12 teeth(experimental II group) were treated with platelet-rich plasma combined with bovine-derived bone powder. The change of bone density was assessed by digital subtraction radiography in this study. The change of mineral content was assessed in the method that two radiography were put into computer program to be overlapped and the previous image was subtracted by the later one. Both groups were statistically analyzed by Wilcoxon signed Ranks Test and Mann-whitney Test using SPSS program for windows(5% significance level). The results were as follows: 1. The radiolucency in 3 months after surgery was significantly increased than 1 month after surgery in both groups(experimental I and II groups)(p<0.05). 2. The radiopacity in 6 months after surgery was significantly increased than 3 months after surgery in both groups(experimental I and II groups) (p<0.05). 3. In experimental I group, there was no significant difference between 1 month and 6 months after surgery. 4. In experimental II group. the radiopacity in 6 months after surgery was significantly increased than 1 month after surgery(p<0.05). 5. There was no significant difference between experimental I and II group at 1 month and 3 months after surgery, but the radiopacity in experimental II group was significantly increased at 6 months after surgery(p<0.05). In conclusion, platelet-rich plasma can enhance bone density than enamel matrix protein until 6 months after surgery.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2016

Thymosin ${\beta}4$ ($T{\beta}4$) has been recently reported to play a role in dentinogenesis by regulating the expression of dentin matrix proteins. Based on previous studies, it is hypothesized that $T{\beta}4$ is associated with the formation of the enamel matrix and thus plays an important role in ameloblast. However, there is no report on the function of $T{\beta}4$ during tooth development so far. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of $T{\beta}4$ and its function in ameloblasts during mouse tooth development. $T{\beta}4$ was expressed strongly in the tooth bud at the bud stage and in the dental lamina and oral epithelium at the cap stage. In advanced bell stage at postnatal day 4, large elongated ameloblasts were observed and the expression of the $T{\beta}4$ protein was the highest, with the enamel being was thicker than that in the early bell stage. The length of ameloblasts increased from the presecretory to the secretory stage and decreased from the maturation to the protective stage. These results suggest that $T{\beta}4$ participates not only in the proliferation of oral epithelial cells during the early stage of tooth development but also regulates enamel protein secretion in ameloblasts and enamel mineralization.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2017

치간부 골내낭의 치주재생치료는 수술 후 발생할 수 있는 비심미성 때문에 치과의사에게 힘든 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 치간부 골내낭의 bovine bone mineral과 enamel matrix derivative (EMD)를 이용한 재생 수술에 골막을 포함한 결합조직 이식을 동반한 임상증례를 소개하고자 한다. 임상적 및 방사선학적인 검사는 술 전과 수술 6개월 이후 시행하였다. 모든 임상 지표들이 개선되었고, 방사선학적 검사에서 골내낭이 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 부가적인 결합조직이식을 통해 치간부 연조직의 증대 및 형태 개선으로 인한 심미성이 증진되는 효과도 확인할 수 있었다.