• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2015

Purpose: A mother's working environment is believed to be a major determinant of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practice. We aimed to define the influence of a facility dedicated to breastfeeding and a breastfeeding support program at the workplace on breastfeeding practice. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in five workplaces. The inclusion criteria were female workers whose last child was between 6 and 36 months old. Observational data were obtained and a questionnaire was filled out. The World Health Organization definition for EBF was used. Results: Data from 186 subjects (74 office workers and 112 factory workers) were collected. Just over half (52%) of the mothers were between 20 and 46 years old, 75.3% had graduated from high school and university, 12.9% had more than two children and 36.0% owned a house. The prevalence of EBF during the last 6 months was 32.3%. A proper dedicated breastfeeding facility was available for 21.5% of the mothers, but only 7.5% had been in contact with a breastfeeding support program. The presence of a dedicated breastfeeding facility increased EBF practice almost threefold, by an odds ratio (OR) of 2.74 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.34-5.64 (p<0.05). Knowledge of the breastfeeding support program increased EBF practice by almost six times (OR, 5.93; 95% CI, 1.78-19.79) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Governments should make it obligatory for employers to offer a breastfeeding support program and a dedicated breastfeeding facility at the workplace as these simple measures significantly increase EBF.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.50-62
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• 2003

Exposure to metalworking fluids (MWFs) has significantly been associated with cancer developed in multi-organs, respiratory diseases and skin diseases. Several carcinogens to humans or animals are contained in MWFs. They have been reported to be mineral oils, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), formaldehyde and N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA). The great hazards of MWF have forced the advanced country including United States to regulate carcinogens contained in MWF. In 2001, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIHs) regarded MWF mist as suspected carcinogen to human (A2) and added it to “Notice of Intended Change (NIC)” list of 2001. In spite of the fact that much MWF has widely been used in many industries using machines, Korea has no legal actions for management of MWF. What is worse, even toxicity such as Carcinogenicity has not been reported. KS (Korean Standards) lists 7 advices of MWF but it does net state the hazards to health. It is very hard to control or minimize worker's exposure to MWF containing many carcinogens. Prier to the introduction of MWF to workplace, it is the most effective measure to regulate carcinogens below a certain level. Regulation on the content of PAH seems to be necessary because less amount of PAH in mineral oils improves the quality of MWF. Also, addition of nitrosating groups to MWF should be prohibited to minimize worker's exposure to NDELA. Employers and manufacturers should indicate the Carcinogenicity of all carcinogens in MWFs in Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) in order fer workers to recognize Carcinogenicity. Legal actions have to be taken to protect workers from health hazards due to exposure to MWF by further investigation on MWF.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.203-232
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• 1999

This study reviewed the, reference of health promotion program and investigated the status of health promotion program at work sites in U.S.A. Good health promotion program is essential for both employees and employers to reduce morbidity rate, to promote productivity and to enhance quality of life and so on. Health promotion aimed at modifying unhealthy life-styles by building awareness, knowledge, skills, and interpersonal support. And health promotion cycle is resemblance to the plan-do-check-act. The major contents of this study are briefed following as : 1) Links between life-style, environment, and health 2) Effect of work sites health promotion effort 3) Prevalence and contents of work site health promotion programs 4) Health promotion process 5) Program framework and structure 6) Stages in the health promotion cycle 7) Approaches for modifying organizational stressors In addition this, the survey was conducted to aim diagnosing the status of health promotion p개gram in work sites in Korea. The main finding-outs are summarized as follows: 1) In 4 large size work sites, there are working with 1 doctor in all work sites, 1 nurse per 3,000 employees and other health related professionals. They have clinic office(4 work sites), gymnasium(2 work sites), and other many facilities like physical therapy center. And only one company have a wellness clinic center. All employees use to exercise health gymnastics in terms of 5 minutes regularly 2 times in a day. 2) In 4 middle size work sites, there are no doctor, 1 nurse and 1 nutritionist in all work sites. They have also clinic, physical therapy center(1 work site), and all employees exercise health gymnastics regularly 2 times in a day too.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to explore situations that might put the middle-aged Korean-Chinese female migrant workers at risk for work-related musculoskeletal diseases (WMSDs). At the development phase of a continuing health project, the study aimed to clarify health promotion program needs of the migrant population. Methods: A qualitative description research design was used with three focus groups of 23 Korean-Chinese female migrant workers. Each focus group interview was conducted for 70-minutes using semi-structured interview guidelines. The data were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis techniques. Results: The majority of the participants were household workers and their work included heavy material handling, standing for a long time, and working in awkward postures. They experienced discrimination from employers, lack of control at work, limitations in open-communication, job insecurity, and acculturation. They had needs to have health promotion programs for preventing and managing chronic diseases, depression and menopause as well as WMSDs. Conclusion: The participants were situated in work environments with physical demanding tasks, acculturative and job-related stress and lack of opportunities to participate in health promotion programs. It is suggested to develop a comprehensive program to better meet the needs of middle-aged Korean-Chinese female migrant workers rather than targeting the reduction of WMSDs.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.75-110
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• 2003

최근에 시급해진 국내의 직업훈련이나 숙련자격제도의 평가나 개혁을 위해 선진국의 제도에 대한 체계적인 이해가 필요하다. 영국의 경우 제도의 구조가 최근에 자유방임형에서 정부주도형으로 변화되고 있는 반면에 독일의 제도는 여전히 사회적 합의형으로 분류되고 있다. 이 구조적 특성은 기능을 이해하는 데 중요하고 독일의 제도가 상대적으로 양호한 평가를 받아 왔다. 그러나 독일의 제도의 구조나 성과도 1990년대의 정치적 통일과 경제적인 장기불황의 상황하에서 상당한 한계를 노출하고 제도의 접진적인 개혁이 논의되고 있다. 본 연구는 두 국가의 제도의 구조 및 기능적 특성이나 그 최근 변화는 교육철학이나 직업문화, 정부 및 사용자의 역할의 차이, 이에 기초한 훈련 과정이나 숙련자격제도의 작동방식의 차이, 독일의 환경적 변화와 높은 연관성을 보임을 확인했다. 이러한 두 국가의 제도에 대한 이해는 국내의 제도의 개혁을 주장하는 일부 연구에서 이 선진국들과 국내의 제도의 차이를 충분히 이해하지 않고 그 제도에 속하는 특정한 정책쓸 이식하자는 성급한 진단에 의문을 제기한다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.531-546
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• 2005

This study is to examine current child care support policies and their limitations and to make some suggestions by means of statistics and previous literature. Major findings are as follows: First, As the women have younger children, the effect is more negative. Second, a maternity leave of Korea is 90 days, which is below ILO standard. Moreover, it is not well supported by the companies they work for. Third, the increasing number of men has spent a paternity leave since the pertinent law was enforced in 2001. The rate of spending the leave, however, is not as high as expected, because it has not yet been decided whether the leave would be paid or not. Lastly, the number of the employer-supporting child care center is rather few due to the legal standard of the facility and the expense that a company should cover. Only 46.5% of the companies that has been appointed to obligatorily establish the center now operate the facility. Therefore, child care support policies should be reformed or improved to help reduce married women's child care burden obviously hindering women from being employed, and this will consequently promote their economic activities. It is also urgently required to expand the application of the parental leave in terms of both object and scope. It is important that employers and employees get ready to compromise each other on the wage issue during the leave. In addition, the flexibility in period and form of the parental leave and the connection of working places with local community for better child care service must be taken into consideration.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.182-192
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the current status of possession of measurement and analytical instruments at work environment monitoring organizations and their relationships with human resources, including the number of professional engineers and evaluation scores resulting from evaluation programs in 2012. Materials: Data for measurement and analytical instruments were gathered by inspectors who had been assigned by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) and the Ministry of Employment and Labor(MoEL) during the evaluation program for 2012. Data for 11 monitoring instruments and nice pieces of analytical equipment were collected from 103 organizations. Additional data such as the type of service provides and the number of professional engineers employed were also recorded by the inspectors. Evaluation scores could be acquired from KOSHA. Results: Comprehensive Occupational Health Service Providers showed good operation quality, while University or Hospital Subsidiary and Work Environment Monitoring Organizations recorded relatively poor results. Evaluation scores correlated well with the possession of measurement instruments and human resources for each organization. High yields provided by professional engineers also showed statistically-associated contributions to evaluation scores and monitoring instrument possession. Compared with monitoring instruments, the amount of analytical equipment had little positive impact on organizations' competence. Conclusions: The evaluation results for domestic monitoring organizations revealed that human resources, possession of instruments, and the quality of employees were critical factors for operating the corporations. Each organization should give considerable effort to improving their ability to strengtheninternal quality, resulting in high-yield production for workers and employers by providing improved workplace monitoring services.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate nutritional knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors of adult women, and to examine if these characteristics were different by acne status. Subjects were 106 adult women residing in Seoul recruited from clients and employers at skin care centers, and housewives from apartment complexes. Surrey instrument was adapted or modified based on literature review and dietary intakes were assessed using 24-hour recalls for two days and CAN-pro. All data was statistically analyzed using x$^2$test and ANOVA. When examined by acne status, 41.5% of subjects were categorized into acne group, 20.8% were as ex-acne group, and 37.7% as no-acne group. Parental experience of acne was significantly related to acne status(p〈 0.01). Education, employmental status, and smoking or drinking status were not related to acne status. Subjects had a moderate level of nutritional knowledge(72.7 point) and the nutritional knowledge store was not significantly different by acne status. When examined by individual items, the groups showed significant difference on the items regarding vitamin C and necessity of carbohydrates(p 〈 0.05). Subjects showed favorable dietary attitudes. Although the acne group showed more favorable attitudes on the importance of nutrition on acne, the overall dietary attitudes of the acne group were not significantly different from the ex-acne group or no-acne group. Similarly only small differences were noticed in dietary behaviors or nutrient intakes by acne status. Cholesterol consumption was hitgher in the no-acne group than in the acne group or ex-acne group(p 〈 0.01). The intakes of energy, iron, and calcium was much below the RDA in three groups. Although there were not many significant differences in nutritional knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors by acne status, this study provided some baseline information regarding study variables by acne status.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.966-973
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• 2013

본 연구는 독일의 고용 모델을 바탕으로 고용유연성의 확대가 고용안정성을 침해하지 않고 오히려 근로자와 기업 간 장기적 상생의 목표를 달성할 수 있는 배경과 관련 요인을 탐색하였다. 독일의 고용 및 실업정책의 핵심은 고용유연성의 확대에 있으며, 노사간의 양보와 합의가 주요한 역할을 하는 가운데 정부의 적절한 지원이 이를 성공으로 이끌었다. 특히 효율적인 고용시장정책을 통한 성과 창출과 유지의 이면에는 합리적인 사회적 대화가 자리를 잡고 있다. 독일의 앞선 경험은 우리나라 근로자와 기업의 고용유연성 제고를 위한 모범적인 사례가 될 수 있을 것이다. 제도 활용에 앞서 독일 노사관계의 바탕이 되는 노사간 존중의 관행을 이해하는 것이 필요하며 문화적 배경이 상이한 우리나라에 어떠한 방식으로 적용되는 것이 바람직할 것인지 다각적인 고찰이 선행되어야 한다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.102-114
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• 2009

본 논문은 공학인증 프로그램의 성과를 측정하기 위해 인증졸업생, 산업체, 대학관계자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 전체적으로 공학인증 교과목, 졸업생의 조직 내 활동 및 업무수행능력에 대해 긍정적인 평가를 하고 있음을 결과로 제시하였다. 인증졸업생의 월평균 임금수준은 4년제 대졸자 또는 공학전공자보다 높은 것으로 나타나 인증졸업생이 노동시장에서 긍정적인 평가를 받고 있음을 알 수 있는데 이는 대기업에 근무하는 것이 중요한 이유일 것이다. 전문교양, 투철한 직업의식과 윤리의식, 조직문화 적응에 대한 프로그램 지원이 상대적으로 더 필요한 것으로 파악되며 인증졸업생에 대한 취업우대제도와 기사자격 취득 시 필기시험 면제 제도의 도입에 대해 산업체에서 긍정적인 반응을 보이는 것으로 파악되었다.