• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2013

Modelling of failures is an important element of reliability modelling. Empirical modelling approach suitable for complex item is explored in this paper. First step of the empirical modelling approach is to plot hazard function, density function, Weibull probability plot as well as cumulative intensity function to see which model fits best for the given data. Next step of the empirical modelling approach is select appropriate model for the data and fit the parametric model accordingly and estimate the parameters.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.1090-1097
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• 2000

Predicting building energy use can be useful to evaluate its energy performance. This study proposed empirical approach for predicting building energy use with regression analysis. For the empirical analysis, simple regression models were developed based on the historical energy consumption data as a function of daily outside temperature, the predicting equations were derived for different operational modes and day types, then the equations were applied for predicting energy use in a building. BY selecting a real building as a case study, the feasibilities of the empirical approach for predicting building energy use were examined. The results showed that empirical approach with regression analysis was fairly reliable by demonstrating prediction accuracy of $pm10%$ compared with the actual energy consumption data. It was also verified that the prediction by regression models could be simple and fairly accurate. Thus, it is anticipated that the empirical approach will be useful and reliable tool for many purposes: retrofit savings analysis by estimating energy usage in an existing building or the diagnosis of the building operational problems with real time analysis.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.695-702
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• 2016

A hierarchical approach for fast bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition (B-EMD) is proposed. The presented approach utilizes an efficient window size determination scheme that enables the multi-level computation of the order statistics filter (OSF). Our detailed experiments show that the proposed OSF computation approach allows a significantly faster computation of an EMD without degrading the decomposition accuracy.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.197-204
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• 2006

This paper tried to develop differentiation strategies of policy process in governance. Firstly, we reviewed model of policy making(output-oriented model and process-oriented model, normative or idealistic approach and realistic or empirical approach, rational model and cognitive model etc). Now gumi city is making the policy based on the process-oriented model, realistic or empirical approach, cognitive model. So gumi city was winner the test of provinces innovation in 2005. Therefore, when we make the policy, consider these factor: citizen and public service personnel participate policy making process and control policy quality.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.471-494
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• 2002

May(1985) argued that the regress problem of antecedent-contained deletion (ACD) construction could be resolved easily by positing QR. But the proposal has some conceptual and empirical problems. To resolve the problems of QR account on ACD, Hornstein(1994) suggested a new approach viz. LF A-movement approach. In the Minimalist framework, an object raises to the [Spec, Agro] to check the accusative case. Through this movement, the regress problem can be resolved naturally without QR. But the LF A-movement account has the same conceptual problem as the QR approach. In addition to the conceptual problem, it has also empirical problems which were pointed out by Kennedy(1997). To solve the problems, I propose that the object raise to [Spec Agro] overtly as Koizumi(1993, 1995) and Lasnik(1995) insisted. In addition to the proposal, I adopt another assumption that only the copy of a quantifier could become a variable by the vehicle change, which was suggested by Brody(1995). With the above proposals, the unnatural QR operation could be dispensed with and the conceptual and empirical problems which were made concerning the LF A-movement approach could be resolved.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.909-928
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• 1996

In this paper, an empirical law of the iterated logarithm is investigated in the context of a stationary and ergodic martingale differences whose values taking in a measurable space.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.619-628
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• 2023

본 연구는 원도급 건설회사의 직접 시공 비중이 낮을수록 건축물의 하자를 유발하는 중요한 원인이 될 수 있다는 점에 대하여 2017년에서 2021년까지 기업 재무 데이터를 바탕으로 실증분석모형(ERM, Empirical Research Model)을 이용해 검증하였다. 그 결과 직접 시공 비중이 낮을수록 건설 품질을 저하시키는 주요 원인이 된다는 점을 확인하였고, 본 연구는 건설품질을 높이기 위해서 직접 시공 의무를 강화해야 한다는 주장을 이론적으로 뒷받침하는 실증분석이라는 점에서 그 의미을 가진다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.377-398
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• 2019

Behavior of RC beam-column joint is very complex as the composite material behaves differently in elastic and inelastic range. The approaches generally used for predicting joint shear strength are either based on theoretical, strut-and-tie or empirical methods. These approaches are incapable of predicting the accurate response of the joint for entire range of loading. In the present study a new generalized RC beam-column joint shear strength model based on hybrid approach i.e. combined strut-and-tie and empirical approach has been proposed. The contribution of governing parameters affecting the joint shear strength under compression has been derived from compressive strut approach whereas; the governing parameters active under tension has been extracted from empirical approach. The proposed model is applicable for various conditions such as, joints reinforced either with or without shear reinforcement, joints with wide beam or wide column, joints with transverse beams and slab, joints reinforced with X-bars, different anchorage of beam bar, and column subjected to various axial loading conditions. The joint shear strength prediction of the proposed model has been compared with 435 experimental results and with eleven popular models from literature. In comparison to other eleven models the prediction of the proposed model is found closest to the experimental results. Moreover, from statistical analysis of the results, the proposed model has the least coefficient of variation. The proposed model is simple in application and can be effectively used by designers.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.199-218
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• 2008

Empirical studies have shown that government and human service nonprofit organizations have maintained active partnerships to deliver human services for the past several decades. However, the previous researches on resource dependent government-nonprofit service delivery have revealed serious methodological limitations to adequately demonstrate the dynamic relationship between both sectors over time. Since the dynamics underlying the government-nonprofit service delivery is a complex process, in which multiple factors dynamically interact over time, the assumptions of system dynamics can help improve these methodological drawbacks. This study aims to explore methodological issues and weaknesses observed in empirical studies on resource dependent government-nonprofit service delivery in the United States, and further attempts to provide insights on future research toward a dynamic approach, bringing the assumptions of system dynamics to the challenges of the previous researches.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.245-261
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• 1999

Proof is an essential characteristic of mathematics and as such should be a key component in mathematics education. But, teaching proof in school mathematics have been unsuccessful for many students. The traditional approach to proofs stresses formal logic and rigorous proof. Thus, most students have difficulties of the concept of proof and students' experiences with proof do not seem meaningful to them. However, different views of proof were asserted in the reassessment of the foundations of mathematics and the nature of mathematical truth. These different views of justification need to be reflected in demonstrative geometry classes. The purpose of this study is to characterize the types of students' justification in demonstrative geometry classes taught using dynamic software. The types of justification can be organized into three categories : empirical justification, deductive justification, and authoritarian justification. Empirical justification are based on evidence from examples, whereas deductive justification are based logical reasoning. If we assume that a strong understanding of demonstrative geometry is shown when empirical justification and deductive justification coexist and benefit from each other, then students' justification should not only some empirical basis but also use chains of deductive reasoning. Thus, interaction between empirical and deductive justification is important. Dynamic geometry software can be used to design the approach to justification that can be successful in moving students toward meaningful justification of ideas. Interactive geometry software can connect visual and empirical justification to higher levels of geometric justification with logical arguments in formal proof.