• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.157-183
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• 2016

This study examines the effects of the acquirer's experience on cross-border mergers and acquisitions(CB M&A) performance. We posit that various types of experience on M&A, including heterogeneity of experience, strategic alliance experience, first CB M&A, domestic and CB M&A experience may have an influence on the performance of CB M&A. The hypotheses are tested with multiple regression on global M&As made by Korean firms over the period of more than fifteen years. The empirical results indicate that firms with domestic M&A experience and the ones with CB M&A experience improve firm performance. Specifically, CB M&A experience more strongly and positively affects CB M&A performance. It also reveals that M&A experience and first CB M&A positively affect CB M&A performance. However, heterogeneity of experience negatively affects CB M&A performance and it has found no significant relationship between strategic alliance and firm performance. In addition, data show that the better explanation is an overall U-shaped relationship than a linear one between CB M&A experience and Performance. Overall, this study contributes to the literature on CB M&A by examining the effect of various types of experience such as heterogeneity of experience and alliance experience and offering a different explanation based on experience, more specifically, addressing the negative relationship between heterogeneity of experience and M&A performance.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.319-344
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• 2017

The international standard certification evaluates the extend to which the supplier satisfies the international standard certification standards of the supplier of the product and the service, recognizes the quality assurance ability and reliability of the supplier, thereby resolving the international trade regulation that can occur to various fields and strengthening the network of the global partnership it is making an important contribution. Therefor, in this study, the survey was conducted on 153 companies of Korean import and export companies. The research method was empirically analyzed by the structural equation model. The results of the hypothesis test of this study are as follows. First, resource management factors among the international standard certification factors in the global trade supply chain integration had a positive effects on CRM satisfaction. Second, the measurement, analysis and improvement factors of international standard certification factors had a positive effects on CRM satisfaction. Third, CRM satisfaction has a positive effects on business performance. Through this study, it is concluded that the Korean import and export companies have an important role in improving the business performance of the global trade partners.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.235-254
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• 2016

Recently, enterprise information management activities have been applied to promote electronic trade, while changing the paradigm of cross-border trade and overall trade business processes. L/C, which facilitates payment from the trade transaction in a company, has been able to eliminate the high cost and inefficient element of the trade process by utilizing the electronic letter of credit (e-L/C). This study examines the influential relationship among the e-trade utilizing factor (such as the perceived ease of use and the volition of CEO), the e-L/C and corporate performance, and the study aimed to verify the moderating effect of customer service level by organizations utilizing e-trade. For the purpose of the research, we conducted a survey implementing the e-L/C and analyzed the 338 data collected. The results of this research are as follows. First, the perceived ease of use and volition of CEO have positive impact on the e-L/C. Second, the e-L/C has positive impact on the business performance. Third, a moderating effect shows on the customer expectation level. The main implication of this study is that the perceived ease of use is to be considered preferentially than the volition of CEO in order to utilize electronic trading, and the volition of CEO shows synergy effect with customer service level by organization utilizing e-trade.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.1-28
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identity the relationship between CAGE distance and Korean foreign subsidiaries' social responsibility, which is divided into responsive and strategic activities. The hypothesis is that CAGE distance has positive relationships with subsidiaries' social responsibility to overcome local liabilities of foreignness and acquire social legitimacy. The key findings are as follows. Firstly, culture distance has positive significant impacts on subsidiaries' social responsibility activities. It especially has positive influences on strategic CSR. Secondly, administration distance has no impacts on subsidiaries' social responsibility. Thirdly, geographic distance also has positive impacts on subsidiaries' social responsibility activities, especially on responsive CSR. Lastly, economic distance has significantly negative effects on social responsibility. This empirical study identifies the relationships between cross national distance and subsidiaries' social responsibility. Culture and geographic distance has positive influences on subsidiaries' social responsibility. Market seeking subsidiaries group shows more positive relationship between culture distance and social responsibility activities, which means that foreign subsidiaries would engage in social responsibility activities for strategic purpose.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2023

This study examined the relationship between family-friendly community characteristics and the life satisfaction of working mothers with elementary school children, and investigated whether the relationship was mediated by work-family conflict and facilitation of working mothers. For the analysis, the study used the response data of 627 working mothers from the 11th wave of the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC, 2019) and multi-mediation effect analyses were conducted using PROCESS. The main results are as follows. First, the higher neighbor support, the higher the work-family facilitation, which significantly increased life satisfaction. Second, the appropriateness of parenting environment and community service infrastructure satisfaction showed significant indirect effects with life satisfaction through increasing work-family facilitation and lowering work-family conflict. Moreover, the appropriateness of parenting environment was positively related with life satisfaction and it was a only variable that was directly associated with life satisfaction. On the other hand, the convenient access to community service infrastructure was found to lower work-family facilitation and lower life satisfaction, confirming the need for follow-up studies. This study shows that the family-friendly characteristics of the community are important for working mothers with elementary school-age children and provides empirical evidence to improve the family-friendly community characteristics.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.2B
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• pp.193-205
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• 2009

Typhoons occurred in the tropical Pacific region, these might be affected the Korea moving toward north. The strong winds and the heavy rains by the typhoons caused a natural disaster in Korea. In the research, the heavy rainfall events based on typhoons were evaluated quantitative through various statistical techniques. First, probability precipitation and typhoon probability precipitation were compared using frequency analysis. Second, EST probability precipitation was calculated by Empirical Simulation Techniques (EST). Third, NL probability precipitation was estimated by coupled Nonparametric monte carlo simulation and Locally weighted polynomial regression. At the analysis results, the typhoons can be effected Gangneung and Mokpo stations more than other stations. Conversely, the typhoons can be effected Seoul and Inchen stations less than other stations. Also, EST and NL probability precipitation were estimated by the long-term simulation using observed data. Consequently, major hydrologic structures and regions where received the big typhoons impact should be review necessary. Also, EST and NL techniques can be used for climate change by the global warming. Because, these techniques used the relationship between the heavy rainfall events and the typhoons characteristics.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.447-466
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• 2011

This paper examined the supply chain management Integration factors and environmental performance in Korean industry. Focusing on SCM Integration, GreenSCM practice, and environmental performance factors, purpose of this study is finding linkage between SCM Integration factors with new environmental practice factors and environmental performance. Based on the analysis of eighty-eight cases, the following results were found. First, We found External environmental collaboration factors and Internal environmental monitoring factors within Green Supply Chain Practices. Second, SCM Integration have a positively significant influence on environmental performance. Third, Internal environmental monitoring factors have a positively significant influence on Environmental performance but External environmental collaboration factors doesn't. This study suggests that only with high level of Integration firms may have good result on entire supply chain environmental performance. Finally, our empirical evidence shows that company should be prepared for new environmental trade regulation with Green Supply chain management integration.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.495-522
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• 2011

In this study, a vector error correction model is considered to analyze the correlations among carbon emission, energy use and economic growth using countries adopted carbon tax such as Finland, Netherland, Newzealand, Sweden, and United Kingdom in the short-run dynamics. In order to examine the effect of a carbon tax on the carbon emission specifically for Finland, New zealand and Sweden in the cointegration coefficients among variables, the economic growth equation has the statistically significant negative value(positive values for Netherland and UK). This implies that in the case of the deviation from a long-run equilibrium all variables except carbon emission and energy use are adjusted toward decreasing. After introducing a carbon tax, all variables for Finland, New zealand and Sweden appear to be negative and positive values for the other countries. The evidence that the carbon emission and energy use have been decreased is very weak in the short-run for Finland, New zealand and Sweden but the economic growth is on the decrease after a carbon tax. However, the empirical results show that the increase in carbon emission leads to the decrease in production for Netherland and UK. This implies that for reducing the carbon emission, these countries need to provide more aggressive policies.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.55-79
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• 2009

This papers studies the causalities and effects on the relationship between international trade and economic growth in China for the period of 1950-2007, using the unit root test, the Granger causality test, the cointegration test, VAR model, and VECM. The results of this study are as follows: Firstly, in the unit root test, I found that each time series was unstable one that has unit root. Secondly, in the Granger Causality test, this papers shows that variable dlexp and dlinp influence on dlgdp and dlgdd, while bilateral causality relation between dlexp and dlgdp, dlexp and dlgdd for the whole period, for the whole period, pre-reform period and post-reform period. Thirdly, there is no cointegraion relation between lgdp(or dlgdp, lgdd, dlgdd) and lexp, linp for lgdd-limp in the whole period, and pre-reform period, while no cointegration relation for the post-reform period. Finally, in the impulse-response test, it was proved that lgdp represents (-) correlation with lexp for the whole period. Thorough the variance decomposition test, it was proved that linp(or dlinp) is the most affected variable of the each data and relation between linp(or dlinp) and lexp(or dlexp) has become bigger recently.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.291-314
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• 2011

We examine the motives of foreigner's investments in the Korean bonds by maturity and try to prove that market impacts are different by their investment maturity. Foreign investors initially focused on short-term bonds, but have expanded to mid- to long-term bonds since 2010. The previous studies found that covered interest arbitrage was the main reason for foreign investment. However, there should be some other reasons as their investment in mid- to long-term bonds might have nothing to do with arbitrage. In the empirical analysis, we found that foreign investment in bonds with less than 2 year maturity is driven by arbitrage as previous studies. However, investment in bonds with 2-5 year maturity is sensitive to the FX volatility and the stock market performance compared with the U.S. and investment in bonds with more than 5 year maturity is driven by the CDS premium differential between Korea and PIIGS countries. The more foreigners have invested mid- to long-term bonds, the stronger downward pressure has been on the bond yields. In addition, foreign investors indirectly affected the spreads. Meanwhile, the government should prepare some policy measures since concerns over side effects such as the Korean won appreciation and an abrupt capital outflow are arising.