• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.109-123
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of emotional connection with parents, social support, and isolation on unmarried mothers' child-rearing efficacy. The subjects of this study were 194 unmarried mothers. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, and Pearson's correlation using the SPSS 12.0 program. The test of the theoretical model was performed with an analysis of the correlational matrix in the AMOS 7.0 package for path analysis. The results of this study were as follows: First, the number of adult unmarried mothers was higher than that of teen mothers. Most unmarried mothers had a in low monthly income-, were unemployed, and received economic assistance from the government or social welfare institutions as a major source of their income. Their decision to have a child were for the following reason: the desire to have a child, fear of having an abortion, belief that abortion is a crime, and uncertainty about which decision to make, etc. Second, the women's emotional connection with their parents had a direct effect on social support. Social support had a direct effect on isolation:,- however, it did not have a direct effect on parenting efficacy. Third, the women's emotional connection with their parents had a direct effect on isolation. Isolation had a direct effect on parenting efficacy. Fourth, social support mediated by the women's emotional connection with their parents had an indirect effect on isolation and child-rearing efficacy. Isolation mediated the women's emotional connection with their parents and had an indirect effect on child-rearing efficacy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.239-246
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• 2019

Teenagers in multicultural families are more prone to depression and problem behaviors caused by violence such as bullying in schools due to their appearance, language presentation skills, and poor learning abilities compared to teenagers in general families. This study is meaningful in that it provides basic information for prevention measures in intervening with damage caused by school violence such as depression, anxiety, suicidal impulses and emotional and social. For this purpose, a survey of 300 elementary school students from 4 to 6 grade, junior high school, and high school students was conducted. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed and of thos e 385 were used for the final analysis. The results of the study are as follows. First, the psychological factors of suicidal ideation were higher in the victimized group than school violence. Second, there was a significant difference in the relationship between emotional - social isolation and school violence experience. Third, there was a significant difference in the relationship between experience of suicide ideation and depression as well as anxiety of emotional - social isolation with psychological maladjustment. In conclusion, we plan to find ways to stabilize the multicultural society by providing prevention and protection measures against school violence.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.496-506
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between social-emotional isolation, depression, and smartphone addiction of college students who experienced social distancing caused by COVID-19 and to identify the factors influencing smartphone addiction of college students. Total of 220 students from four universities participated in this study, and data collection was conducted by organizing a questionnaire in a Google form. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 28.0. There were significantly correlation among smartphone addiction of college students, social-emotional isolation (r=.44, p<.001) and depression (r=.51, p<.001). The factors affecting smartphone addiction of college students were gender (β=.176, p=.001), weekend smartphone usage time 7-9 hours (β=.387, p=.001), 10-12 hours (β=.313, p=.006), 12 hours or more (β=.299, p=<.001), depression (β=.302, p<.001), and social-emotional isolation (β=.210, p=.004). The regression model was statistically significant (F=15.81, p<.001). The explanatory power of the model was 43% (adj R²=.43, p<.001). Therefore, in order to prevent smartphone addiction of college students, it is necessary to develop and utilize a mental health promotion program that can reduce social-emotional isolation and depression.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.137-143
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• 2015

This study is looking to do a new model which overcomes emotional isolation phenomenons of aged people through using an advanced technology in our community approaching an aging society. Senior welfare has been oriented to economically, medically supported welfare model so far. An ageing society going on, even if the scale of welfare cost is bigger and bigger, the level of satisfaction has been decreasing. This is the fact that the expansion of economical support for the aged in emotional alienation is not only a solution for them suffering from emotional isolation phenomenons, which requires a new model for senior welfare. Above all, because the senior welfare oriented to economically, medically supported welfare model can not be continued any more, a new model is required to be sustainable in national finance. This study has a purpose that recovers emotional life of the aged, improves their quality of life, and offers emotional welfare model to be sustainable economically.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.357-360
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• 2009

It is hypothesized that a number of environmental factors affect animals' behavior. Without controlling these variables, it is very hard for researchers to get not only reliable, but replicable data from various behavioral experiments testing animals' cognitive as well as emotional functions. For example, laboratory mice which had restricted environment showed different synaptic potentiation properties with wild mice (Zhao MG et al., 2009). While performing behavioral experiments, however, it is sometimes inevitable that the researcher changes the animals' environments, as by switching the cages in which experimental animals are housed and separating animals raised together into small experimental groups. In this study, we investigated the effect of environmental changes on mice's emotional behaviors by socially isolating them or reducing the size of their cage. We found that social isolation selectively increases the animals' levels of anxiety, while leaving depression-like behaviors unchanged. On the other hand, alteration of the housing dimensions affected neither their anxiety levels nor their depression-like behaviors. These results suggest that environmental variables may have a prominent impact on experimental animals' emotional behaviors and possibly their psychological states, leading to bias in the behavioral data produced from experiments.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.245-254
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• 2020

Patients diagnosed with cancer face mental problems such as alienation, isolation, anxiety about death and fear, recovering from psychological difficulties. In this study, a forest healing program was provided for cancer patients to recover from psychological stress, depression, social isolation and self-esteem caused by cancer and changes in salivary cortisol through psychological and emotional recovery were measured. From September 19 to November 28, 2017, a forest healing program composed of a total of 10 sessions, two hours per session was provided for 12 cancer patients in the Forest of Taegyo located in Yongin. Psychological tests were performed with Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS), Korean-version Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 18.0. The salivary cortisol level was measured along with the psychological tests and were analyzed by a specialized testing agency. The results of the analysis showed that the pre- and post-assessment score of SASS was 29.17 and 25.92, respectively, and that the pre- and post-assessment score of PSS was 30.50 and 23.92, respectively. The pre- and post-assessment score of BDI was 41.00 and 34.83, respectively, which showed significant differences. In addition, the pre- and post-assessment level of saliva cortisol was 3.13 and 1.68, respectively, showing a significant decrease. In short, the forest healing program was found to be effective in reducing physiological changes caused by social isolation and stress due to the emotional and psychological difficulties that the subjects who were diagnosed with cancer and were recovering from it have. In the future, it will be necessary to develop and implement a forest healing program by conducting a forest healing requirement survey on cancer patients.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1502-1520
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• 2021

This paper attempts to investigate Korean youth Not in Education, Employment and Training (NEET) and how daily activities and community participation may influence their positive emotions and job search desire. First, we conducted a focus group interview with 16 NEETs who participated in the Kakao NEET Company project. The project allowed participants to experience employment by founding a virtual company in which each participant selected a daily activity to perform as part of the company's operations. Second, the interview responses were categorized and assigned emotional values using the card sorting technique and multi-dimensional analysis (MDS). A total of 11 emotional values were derived through this process. Finally, a social network analysis was conducted in order to measure the density of relations among the emotional values. Results suggest that immersion, confidence, belongingness were the three highest values evaluated by participants. Furthermore, network diagrams imply that the stronger participants perceived social support and belongingness with others, the stronger their responsibility grew, further leading them to establish steady goals. In particular, the high eigenvector score for "desire for job" suggests that emotional values are sequentially connected to the immersion-social support-responsibility-goal-job desire. This sequence suggests that digital services that are developed with the aim to enhance social values such as the Kakao NEET Project may engender motivation and confidence in youth NEETs. The overall results suggest that a systematic approach to policymaking should be considered in order to provide fundamental solutions and expand opportunities for social participation and emotional comfort, as social isolation due to low self-esteem has been reported as one of the reasons for NEETs' failure in the labor market.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.171-179
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• 2020

This study was conducted to explore the experience of emotional change among senior citizens aged 65 and older experienced COVID-19 social situation. COVID-19 not only directly affects the elderly as a high-risk infectious disease, it also causes social isolation and depression caused by social distinctions, decreased cognitive skills, and worsened chronic diseases, and has indirect effects. As a result of the study, one component and four sub-components were derived, and the components were emotional changes. As the elderly experienced COVID-19, fear of spreading, fear of increasing the number of deceased and dead, and social distance I experienced depression, tightness, and anticipation for ending due to self-control. No matter how hard you try 'technical prevention', without 'psychological prevention', the anxiety of the elderly will inevitably increase. In this study, mediators for negative emotions experienced by the elderly are provided by providing accurate information to prevent the spread of fear caused by COVID-19 and proving emotional support programs such as 'psychological prevention' as well as 'technical prevention'. I think it will be necessary.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.811-835
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• 2018

Social relations and cognitive function in old age are closely related to each other, and social relation is classified into structural characteristics and qualitative characteristics reflecting cognitive and emotional evaluation. The concept of social isolation is the focus of attention in relation to the social relations of old age. Social isolation has a multidimensional theoretical structure that is divided into objective dimension such as social network, type of furniture, social participation, and subjective dimension such as lack of perceived social support and loneliness. There is also a close relationship between cognitive function and interpersonal conflict in old age. In this study, we examined the effect of subjective social isolation, which shows the structural characteristics of social relations, and subjective social isolation and interpersonal conflict on the dementia occurrence by age group in the elderly. The data were analyzed by applying a random effect panel logit model using 1,740 panel data from the first year to the third year of KSHAP. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the cognitive impairment increased sharply with age. Objective and subjective social isolation were both U-shaped distribution with an inflection point of 80 years old. Second, the main effect on the probability of cognitive impairment was statistically significant with objective and subjective social isolation, but the type of interpersonal conflict did not appear to be significant. Third, the results of two-way interaction effect analysis on the probability of cognitive impairment are as follows. The relationship between subjective social isolation and the probability of occurrence of cognitive impairment was significantly different according to the level of conflict with spouse. In addition, the higher the subjective social isolation, the higher the probability of cognitive impairment in the elderly(over 85) than in the young-old(65~74). In addition, as the level of conflict with spouses increases, the probability of cognitive impairment of the oldest-old(aged 85 or older) is drastically lower than that of the young-old(aged 65~74). Based on the results of this study, policy and practical implications for reducing the cognitive impairment of the elderly age group were suggested, and limitations of the study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 2021

Background: This study aimed to analyze Twitter users' emotional tendencies regarding oral surgery procedures before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide. Methods: Tweets posted in English before and after the COVID-19 pandemic were included in the study. Popular tweets in 2019 were searched using the keywords "tooth removal", "tooth extraction", "dental pain", "wisdom tooth", "wisdom teeth", "oral surgery", "oral surgeon", and "OMFS". In 2020, another search was conducted by adding the words "COVID" and "corona" to the abovementioned keywords. Emotions underlying the tweets were analyzed using CrystalFeel - Multidimensional Emotion Analysis. In this analysis, we focused on four emotions: fear, anger, sadness, and joy. Results: A total of 1240 tweets, which were posted before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, were analyzed. There was a statistically significant difference between the emotions' distribution before and after the pandemic (p < 0.001). While the sense of joy decreased after the pandemic, anger and fear increased. There was a statistically significant difference between the emotional valence distributions before and after the pandemic (p < 0.001). While a negative emotion intensity was noted in 52.9% of the messages before the pandemic, it was observed in 74.3% of the messages after the pandemic. A positive emotional intensity was observed in 29.8% of the messages before the pandemic, but was seen in 10.7% of the messages after the pandemic. Conclusion: Infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, may lead to mental, emotional, and behavioral changes in people. Unpredictability, uncertainty, disease severity, misinformation, and social isolation may further increase dental anxiety and fear among people.