• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.223-242
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• 2012

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the variables of infant temperament, maternal emotional availability, infant emotional responsiveness and involvement. A total of 60 infants and their mothers participated in this study. Mother-infant dyads were observed and mothers then completed questionnaires. Data was analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson's correlations and hierarchical regressions. In terms of infant emotional responsiveness, maternal sensitivity and non-hostility, these were revealed to have had an effect on infant emotional responsiveness. Moreover, infants who have mothers who had the ability to read their infants' emotional signals accurately, responded in appropriate ways and interacted with affection, showed a higher level of responsiveness. In terms of infant emotional involvement, maternal structuring had an effect on infant emotional involvement. That is, infants who have mothers willing to support their infants through appropriate guidance and facilitate their interaction were more emotionally involved during the play sessions. In conclusion, maternal sensitivity, non-hostility and structuring were all related to infant emotional responsiveness and involvement, however, the degree of the effects of these variables differed.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.144-159
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• 2020

This paper investigated the impact of grit on sustainable behavior and emotional well-being. A questionnaire about grit, sustainable behavior, and emotional well-being was administered to 273 undergraduate students in South Korea. To examine the association between the variables, this study used two spell out (SEM) comparison models. The results show that grit is positively related to sustainable behavior and emotional well-being. The effect of grit on emotional well-being was mediated by sustainable behavior. The effect of grit is higher on sustainable behavior than emotional well-being. In addition, sustainable behavior has a positive relationship to emotional well-being. The results show that the grit has an important implication for sustainable environment education and individual well-being.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.347-357
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the Nature-friendly program on children's Emotional Intelligence. The subjects of this study were two groups( experimental group and non experimental group). Each group consists of 30(8 years olds) elementary school children in Seoul. Examination of Emotional Intelligence was applied to determine the homogeneity of 2 groups. Experimental group received 10 Nature-friendly programs for 15 weeks from July 2004 to October 2004. After Nature-friendly programs ended, post examination of Emotional Intelligence was applied. The result of this research was as follow. When Nature-friendly programs was applied, there were significant differences in the degree of emotional intelligence in the experimental group. Children who were involved in nature-friendly program increased in emotional intelligence. Nature-friendly program was effective in the sub-factors of self-awareness, self-regulation, other-awareness, other-regulation of emotional intelligence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.608-622
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• 2019

The present study was aimed to verify the mediating effect of acceptance in the relationship between emotional clarity and satisfaction in romantic relationships. To this purpose, a self-reporting survey was conducted with 208 unmarried subjects ranging in age from 19-35 in Seoul and Gyeonggi region. SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 was used to analysis procedure. A summary of the research results are as follows. First, in the results of the correlation analysis on the primary factors, emotional clarity had a significant positive correlation with acceptance and satisfaction in romantic relationships, and acceptance had a positive correlation with satisfaction in romantic relationships. Second, the results of the structural equation analysis verified that emotional clarity had a direct positive effect on satisfaction in romantic relationships. Third, this study verified a partial positive mediating effect of acceptance in the relationship between emotional clarity and satisfaction in romantic relationships, and also verified the significance of the pathway. These results verify that emotional clarity has not only a direct effect on satisfaction in romantic relationships, but also an indirect effect through acceptance. Lastly, this study discussed significance and limitations of this study, as well as proposals for future research.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.398-414
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of restaurant atmosphere on its image and customers' emotional responses and behavior. The results of this study indicated that perceived restaurant atmospheres had a significant effect on customers' emotional responses, and these emotional responses greatly influenced the image of a restaurant. Especially, the ambient and cleanliness factors of restaurant atmosphere influenced a restaurant image, and the positive image from those factors had a significant effect on customer behavior. The design and human factors of restaurant atmosphere influenced customer behavior, and the positive image from those factors had a significant effect on customer behavior. Finally, it was verified that the restaurant atmospheric factors affected its image and customers' emotional responses and behavior. Moreover, the better the restaurant atmospheric factors(design, ambient, cleanliness, humanity) are, the better customers' emotional responses and image are, thereby increasing customers' revisiting and word-of-mouth intention.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.109-123
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• 2018

Emotional labor is now emphasized as a very important concept not only for private companies but also for public servants who perform public affairs in public institutions, but relatively theoretical research is lacking. The purpose of this study is to examine the negative effects of the surface acting on emotional labor and to examine the moderating effect of social support to reduce it. As for the social support, we distinguished between POS support and supervisor support. Furthermore, we found that any support among POS and supervisor support has a large effect on the relationship between surface acting and emotional exhaustion. In order to verify this research model and hypothesis, we conducted 250 employees who perform civil affairs in public institutions. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, it was found that surface acting had a very significant effect on emotional exhaustion. The increase in emotional exhaustion due to the incongruity between inner emotions and display emotions appeared to be the same as the results of research on existing private companies. Second, both POS and supervisor support significantly reduce the relationship between surface acting and emotional exhaustion. Third, the moderating effect of POS and supervisor support showed that the control effect of superiors' support was stronger, so that the surface act reduced the influence of emotional exhaustion more strongly. The results of this study refer to the importance of emotional labor education for civil servants performing civil affairs. In addition, it suggests that various programs should be provided to relieve emotional exhaustion and stress of civil service officials. In addition, it suggests a more aggressive organizational support design for high-level POS.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.293-307
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• 2019

The poor welfare level of social workers is a big social problem in direct proportion to the ongoing need for social welfare service. In particular, the emotional work of social workers is a serious situation. This Study examines the effect of emotional labor(EL) on customer orientation(CO) of social workers with case management. Also this paper investigates the moderating effect of emotional intelligence(EI) and leader-member exchange(LMX). The major results from the study are as follow: First, we found that surface acting(SA) of EL had a negative impact on CO and deep acting(DA) of EL had a positive impact on CO. Second, EI showed a moderating effect on the correlation between SA of EL and CO. Also, EI had the moderating effect that weakening the negative impact of SA on CO. Third, LMX showed a moderating effect on the correlation between DA of EL and CO. Also, LMX had the moderating effect that strengthening the positive impact of DA on CO. In particular, this study presented with implications for future research, limitations of this study.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.113-123
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• 2021

This study involves an experiment aimed to reveal the communicative effects by different types of visual expressions in SNS advertisements. This study analyzes consumers' dynamic responses to vicarious emotional experiences and the creative rhetorical expressions of networking media platforms through experiments that sample university students. The vicarious emotional experiences of networking media platforms have a significant effect on the consumers' subsequent reactions. The greater the vicarious emotional experiences are, the more positive this effect is. There is a significant interactive effect between consumers' vicarious emotional experiences and the rhetorical creative types of targeted media.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.17-31
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of attributes of personal media content and influencers on the cognitive and emotional trust of platform users. In addition, the structural relationships among cognitive trust, emotional trust, viewing commitment, and purchase intention were examined. Design/methodology/approach - For the empirical analysis of the study, a survey was conducted on 192 consumers who have recently experienced using personal media content. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and the Structure Equation Model (SEM) were hired in order to analyze the survey data. Findings - Findings of this study are 1) informativeness and expertise had a significant effect on cognitive and emotional trust. However, entertainment had no significant effect on both cognitive and emotional trust; 2) interactivity had a significant effect on emotional trust, but not on cognitive trust; 3) cognitive and emotional trust had a positive effect on the viewing commitment of the content; 4)content users' viewing commitment had a positive effect on their intention to purchase recommended products. Research implications or Originality - The theoretical and practical implications were discussed through the above empirical research results, and the limitations of the study and the direction of follow-up studies were presented.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use meta-analysis to evaluate factors and variables related to the emotional labor of hospital nurses. Method: The study included variables obtained from 66 recently published studies, doctoral dissertations, and master's theses. Results: The related variables were categorized into five factor groups: internal character factor, nursing care related factor, environmental factor, emotional response, and job response. For the defensive variable, job related response (effect size [ES]=-.17), environment (ES=-.14), internal character (ES=-.08), nursing care (ES=-.06), and emotional response (ES=-.06) showed significant effect size among the five categorized variable groups. For the risk variable, internal character (ES=.44), emotional response (ES=.46), environment (ES=.27), job related response (ES=.27), and nursing care (ES=.19) showed significant effect size among the five categorized variable groups. Conclusion: The results of this study identified defensive and risk variables related to emotional labor of hospital nurses. Self-efficacy, social support, leaders' care, and communication are important factors for managing emotional labor of hospital nurses.